基于RPC模型的线阵卫星影像核线排列及其几何关系重建

针对核线影像无几何模型的问题,提出基于有理多项式系数(Rational Polynomial Coefficient,RPC)模型,利用投影轨迹法制作线阵推扫式卫星核线影像及其几何模型的重建方法。利用SPOT 5 HRG、CBERS 2-03异轨立体像对和SPOT 5 HRSI、RS P5、GeoEyeI、KONOS同轨立体像对重建的核线影像几何模型上下视差的中误差在0.2个像元之内;利用重建几何模型和原始影像几何模型进行前方交会计算所得到的地面点平面中误差在1 m之内,高程中误差在0.3 m之内,验证了本文方法的可靠性。     

关于阵列的一点注记

本文对于阵列代数中的一个基本定理(阵列与矩阵乘积定理)用归纳方法给出较简的证明,此外,并建立k阶阵列与张量的一个关系。     

Astronomical-topographic levelling using high-precision astrogeodetic vertical deflections and digital terrain model data

At the beginning of the twenty-first century, a technological change took place in geodetic astronomy by the development of Digital Zenith Camera Systems (DZCS). Such instruments provide vertical deflection data at an angular accuracy level of 0.̋1 and better. Recently, DZCS have been employed for the collection of dense sets of astrogeodetic vertical deflection data in several test areas in Germany with high-resolution digital terrain model (DTM) data (10–50 m resolution) available. These considerable advancements motivate a new analysis of the method of astronomical-topographic levelling, which uses DTM data for the interpolation between the astrogeodetic stations. We present and analyse a least-squares collocation technique that uses DTM data for the accurate interpolation of vertical deflection data. The combination of both data sets allows a precise determination of the gravity field along profiles, even in regions with a rugged topography. The accuracy of the method is studied with particular attention on the density of astrogeodetic stations. The error propagation rule of astronomical levelling is empirically derived. It accounts for the signal omission that increases with the station spacing. In a test area located in the German Alps, the method was successfully applied to the determination of a quasigeoid profile of 23 km length. For a station spacing from a few 100 m to about 2 km, the accuracy of the quasigeoid was found to be about 1–2 mm, which corresponds to a relative accuracy of about 0.05−0.1 ppm. Application examples are given, such as the local and regional validation of gravity field models computed from gravimetric data and the economic gravity field determination in geodetically less covered regions.     

像方和物方结合的线阵卫星核线影像生成方法

针对线阵卫星影像核线纠正问题,本文简要分析了现有方法的优劣势,并在此基础上提出一种将基于像方和物方相结合的核线纠正方法.其分为两步:首先在影像空间内对左影像进行分块并逐区域纠正,利用局部仿射拟合的方法实现左影像的核线纠正;然后利用物方投影基准面生成与左影像分辨率一致的右核线影像.试验结果表明,本文方法既能获取上下视差接...     

一种基于邻域数组的区域合并新方法

针对图像分割中的过分割问题,该文提出了一种区域合并方法。该方法在区域合并时采用邻域数组的数据结构来维护区域间的邻接关系,该数据结构相对传统的邻接图具有更高的效率。为了能够综合利用分割对象的各种特征,兼顾区域合并的精度与效率,将合并过程分为两个步骤进行:第一步以区域面积阈值作为合并终止条件,在合并准则中只考虑灰度信息;第二步将灰度阈值作为合并终止条件,并在合并准则中加入了纹理信息。实验结果表明,该方法能够对初分割图像进行高效且精确的合并。     

基于球面的电子全站仪测高大气竖直折射角严密计算方法研究

大气竖直折射是影响竖直角观测精度的关键因素之一.大气竖直折射的计算一直是困扰测绘界的难题.为了更加合理地计算大气竖直折射,提出了基于球面的电子全站仪测高大气竖直折射计算方法,给出了基于球面的电子全站仪测高严格计算公式.     

Unification of New Zealand’s local vertical datums: iterative gravimetric quasigeoid computations

New Zealand uses 13 separate local vertical datums (LVDs) based on geodetic levelling from 12 different tide-gauges. We describe their unification using a regional gravimetric quasigeoid model and GPS-levelling data on each LVD. A novel application of iterative quasigeoid computation is used, where the LVD offsets computed from earlier models are used to apply additional gravity reductions from each LVD to that model. The solution converges after only three iterations yielding LVD offsets ranging from 0.24 to 0.58 m with an average standard deviation of ±0.08 m. The so-computed LVD offsets agree, within expected data errors, with geodetically levelled height differences at common benchmarks between adjacent LVDs. This shows that iterated quasigeoid models have a role in vertical datum unification.     

GPS仪器偏差的求解方法及其对电子总量的影响

指出了仪器偏差对计算电离层电子总量的影响，提出一种消除仪器偏差的方法，并依此方法计算了乌什和鼎新站2000年7月13日各个卫星交叉点沿天顶方向上的总量(VTEC)。分析表明，只有合理消除仪器偏差的影响，利用GPS观测资料计算的VTEC才更加可靠，才能更好地反映出电离层的实际变化情况。     

水平角观测时竖轴倾斜引起误差的改正方法探讨

对于水平角观测时垂直轴倾斜带来的影响,一是采用测回间重新整平的方法来削弱;二是在有竖盘指标水准管的情况下,读取格值施加改正数的方法来削弱。但这两种方法的精度有限,且对于无竖盘指标水准管的仪器目前没有提出相应的解决方法,＂虚拟目标法＂可以有效地解决这个问题。     

有理函数模型下基础矩阵研究

分析了线阵影像的核线关系,提出了有理函数模型下线阵扫描影像的基础矩阵求解方法,验证了线阵影像中精确共轭核线对是不存在的。