云南元阳大坪金矿矿床成因讨论

金矿位于哀牢山构造变质岩带、金（贵金属）成矿带南部西侧,含金石英脉分布于小新街断裂两侧的次级构造裂隙中,矿脉严格受次级压扭性断裂控制.     

云南大坪大型金多金属矿床叠加成矿作用地质、流体包裹体和稳定同位素证据

对云南元阳县大坪大型金多金属矿床矿脉地质特征、流体包裹体和稳定同位素的研究表明,矿区内大量的矿脉是叠加成矿的产物,空间上具有并置、侧列(现)、再现等复杂关系,成矿可分石英-黄铁矿(主要形成金矿化)和石英-方铅矿(主要形成铜铅银矿化,并叠加有金矿化)两个阶段共7个亚阶段。石英-黄铁矿阶段流体包裹体以个体小,数量多,杂乱分布为特征,以二相气液包裹体为主,均一温度变化区间为165℃～393℃,平均258℃;流体密度为0.648～0.7984g/cm~3,盐度变化为13.72%～18.96% NaCl eqv,平均17.13% NaCl eqv,捕获压力为64MPa 左右。流体为含 CO_2的 NaCl-H_2O 体系,在成分上相对富集 Na~ 、CI~ 、CH_4和 N_2、NO_3~-等组分,从早到晚,具有 Na~ 、Ca~(2 )、SO_ ~(2-)略有升高,而 K~ 有所降低的趋势。石英方铅矿阶段流体包裹体大小混杂,杂乱分布或呈线性排列,以 CO_2包裹体为主,并有二相气液和少量单相包裹体。均一温度177℃～372℃,平均284℃,流体密度为0.7413～0.9518g/cm~3,盐度变化为10.86%～21.26% NaCl eqv,平均14.16% NaCl eqv,捕获压力为60MPa 左右。流体属为 NaCI-H_2 O-CO_2体系,在成分上以相对富集 Na~ 、K~ 、SO_4~(2-)为特征,部分脉体的流体包裹体中还含有一定量的 Ca~(2 )、Mg~(2 )等离子。矿区不同(亚)阶段矿石氧同位组成总体变化较小(2.65‰～6.0‰),氢同位素组成变化较大(-120‰～-40‰),其中石英-黄铁矿阶段 H、O 同位素组成变化均较小,以岩浆源为主,而石英-方铅矿阶段氢同位素组成变化较大,表明有新的流体加入,但也以深源流体为主;石英-方铅矿阶段一个铁白云石的δ~(13)C 值为-4.81‰,而石英-黄铁矿阶段晚期方解石碳同位素组成变化为-2.79‰～-4.34‰,平均-3.75‰。不同矿脉黄铁矿、方铅矿的硫同位素组成变化范围为0.3～-4.4‰,其中石英一黄铁矿阶段为0.3‰～4.4‰,石英-方铅矿阶段为0.5～4.3‰,总体上与深源(地幔)碳、硫同位素组成基本一致。综合对比研究认为,大坪金多金属矿床为源于深部的多源成矿热液在同一容矿空间充填的结果,叠加成矿作用与区内长期的岩浆活动密切相关。矿床为中-高温热液硫化物-石英薄脉型金多金属矿床。     

燧石和脉石英中氩,氯的相关性对^40Ar—^39Ar定年意义

由于过剩Ａｒ的存在，长期以来燧石和脉石英的＾４０Ａｒ－＾３９Ａｒ定年被视为不可能。通过对这类矿物中Ａｒ，Ｃｌ丰度及其相关性研究，可以校正过剩Ａｒ，从而实现了这类矿物的年龄测定，这为沉积岩定年及成矿时代的研究提供了重要手段，应用这一技术测得长城系底砾岩中石英年龄为１７４４±９７Ｍａ，滹沱群郭家寨亚群热事件年龄为１７６６±４９Ｍａ，进而推断长城系与郭家寨亚群的层位呈上下系。     

Structural controls on orogenic gold mineralisation in the Klondike goldfield,Canada

The Klondike Schist that forms the basement rocks for the famous Klondike placer goldfield was emplaced as km-scale thrust slices in Early Jurassic time, along with some thin (10 to 30 m-scale) slices of greenstone and ultramafic rocks. Permian metamorphic fabrics in the schists were deformed during thrust emplacement by structures formed as the rocks passed through the brittle–ductile transition. Early-formed thrust-related structures were almost-pervasive recumbent folds that affected both the schist and greenstone/ultramafic slices and imposed a spaced cleavage with minor recrystallisation of micas. These structures gave way to shallow-dipping phacoidal cleavage near (within <100 m of) thrust structures. Thrust-related structures have been overprinted locally by well-defined steeply dipping reverse fault-fold zones, and associated upright folding on regional (km) to mesoscopic (m) scales. The fold-fault zones occur as two orthogonal sets of structures oriented NW to N and NE to E. Some of these steeply dipping fault zones have been reactivated by Late Cretaceous normal faulting. Orogenic (mesothermal) gold-bearing veins were emplaced in local sites of extension during or after formation of the compressional fault-fold zones and before normal fault reactivation. Over 400 veins (m to cm-scale) observed in this study imply a general NW strike for mineralised structures (W to N), but with a broad scatter of orientations. Vein emplacement was controlled principally by fold axial surfaces of kink folds of the fault-fold generation. However, some other local extension sites have opened along preexisting structures to host veins locally, including metamorphic foliation and spaced cleavage planes. In addition, irregular extensional fractures with no obvious structural control host some veins. The Klondike mineralised veins formed as swarms with broad regional structural control, but represent relatively diffuse mineralised zones, with numerous scattered small veins, compared to most orogenic vein systems. These diffuse vein swarms appear to be sufficient sources for the rich and geographically localised placer gold deposits that formed in overlying gravels during erosion of the Klondike Schist basement.     

Geochemical signature of orogenic hydrothermal activity in an active tectonic intersection zone,Alpine Fault,New Zealand

A highly faulted and fractured rock mass has developed at the intersection of the Alpine and Hope faults, two major active faults in the South Island, New Zealand. The Alpine Fault is an oblique dextral reverse fault at the late Cenozoic-Recent Pacific-Australian plate boundary. The Hope Fault is a strike-slip fault parallel to the plate convergence vector. Hydrothermal fluids driven by the active tectonic processes have passed through the fractured rock mass, causing localised rock alteration and vein formation. Mylonites in the Alpine Fault zone are crosscut by cm-scale veins of quartz and/or ankerite with minor sulphides, with cemented breccias in dilational jogs. Breccia clasts and immediate (cm-scale) host rocks have been variably impregnated with carbonates and quartz. This generation of veins, breccias and altered rocks is post-dated by cataclasite and fault gouge zones which have been cemented by calcite, illite, smectite and chamosite. Ankerite and calcite have ¹⁸O between +10 and +30, and ¹³C between 0 and –8. These minerals are inferred to have formed from water with variable components of both meteoric and crustally exchanged fluid. Rock alteration associated with ankerite–quartz veins has added arsenic (up to 200 ppm As), strontium, and some Y to the rocks. Host-rock mylonites (<2 ppm As) have been depleted in arsenic compared to their precursors (5–15 ppm As). This depletion of arsenic in the middle crust provides the source for arsenic in shallower-level vein systems.Editorial handling: N. White     

论东川脉状富铜矿的历史和现实意义

东川脉状富铜矿在历史上对矿山、对国家曾作出过重大贡献。汤丹厚大的层状铜矿也是５０年代在广泛调查汤丹脉状矿的基础上发现的，从而肯定整个东川矿区层状矿的巨大工业价值。对脉状铜矿的成因，长期以来受着“脉状铜矿由层状铜矿就地取材”转化形成的思想束缚，因而对其评价－研究成果甚少。从脉矿现有的历史资料出发，结合当今的研究成果，认为东川矿区广泛分布含铜大于５％的富脉矿，脉矿与层状矿在伴生元素、稀土配分、硫同位素组成，爆裂测温等方面，二者均有明显的区别。脉铜矿是以深源为主形成的。建议对历史上曾开采，但至今未作详细地质工作的茂麓铜厂尽快予以评价。     

云南保山黄家地石英脉型金矿床成因

金矿体明显受断裂构造及石英脉体的双重控制。根据矿床地质特征分析,认为该矿床成因为沿构造劈理充填、改造的中低温低硫热液石英含金硫化物复合脉型矿床,具中一大型远景规模。     

宁远县新开锑矿床地质特征与进一步找矿

新开锑矿由一个民采矿点经笔者普查— 4 0 9队详查—初勘 ,提升为一个具规模开发意义的中型锑矿床。本文概述了其矿床地质特征及进一步找矿的认识。     

广西龙胜县柚子坪铅锌矿断裂构造控矿特征及成因探讨

柚子坪铅锌矿的主要矿体是受F1断裂控制的脉状矿床,其单脉的成矿构造可分为剪切带型与破碎带型两种类型.破碎带型矿脉多呈不规则状,囊状,空间分布与断裂破碎带一致,矿化不均匀且品位低;剪切带型矿脉多呈透镜状,其成矿构造具有平行复脉、脉中脉及矿液压裂等特征,矿化较富集且品位高.工业矿体是由多个破碎带型或剪切型单脉组成的脉群.认为F1断层既是导矿构造,又是储矿构造,多期次的构造运动是形成上述构造特征的主要原因.     

云南马关扣哈锡、钨多金属矿成矿远景初探

矿区位于云南省东南部,老君山花岗岩北西侧接触带部位上,属南岭花岗岩系列.矿床严格受东西向构造破碎带控制,属典型中高温热液云英岩脉型锡钨矿床.