The analysis of ground vibrations induced by bench blasting at Akyol quarry and practical blasting charts

Ground vibrations arising from excavation with blasting is one of the fundamental problems in the mining industry. Therefore, the prediction of ground vibration components plays an important role in the minimization of environmental complaints. In this study, 582 events were recorded during limestone production at a quarry (Akyol Quarry) during a period of time. The blasting parameters of these shots were also carefully recorded. During the statistical analysis of the collected data, three predictor equations proposed by the United States Bureau of Mines (USBM), Ambraseys–Hendron and Langefors–Kihlstrom were used to establish a relationship between peak particle velocity and scaled distance described by these prediction equations. As a result of this analysis, the most powerful relationship was determined and proposed to be used in this site. And also, this equation was used in the derivation of the practical blasting charts specific to this site as a practical way of predicting the peak particle velocity and maximum charge amount per delay for future blasting.     

The variation of soil temperature and water content of seasonal frozen soil with different vegetation coverage in the headwater region of the Yellow River, China

The variation and distribution of temperature and water moisture in the seasonal frozen soil is an important factor in the study of both the soil water cycle and heat balance within the source region of the Yellow River, especially under the different conditions of vegetation coverage. In this study, the impact of various degrees of vegetation coverage on soil water content and temperature was assessed. Soil moisture (θ _v) and soil temperature (T _s) were monitored on a daily basis. Measurements were made under different vegetation coverage (95, 70–80, 40–50 and 10%) and on both thawed and frozen soils. Contour charts of T _s and θ _v as well as a θ _v–T _s coupling model were developed in order to account for the influence of vegetation cover and the interaction between T _s and θ _v. It was observed that soil water content affected both the overall range and trend in the soil temperature. The regression analysis of θ _v versus T _s plots indicated that the soil freezing and thawing processes were significantly affected by vegetation cover changes. Vegetation coverage changes also caused variations in the θ _v–T _s interaction. The effect of soil water content on soil temperature during the freezing period was larger than during the thawing period. Moreover, the soil with higher vegetation coverage retained more water than that with lower coverage. In the process of freezing, the higher vegetation coverage reduced the rate of the reduction in the soil temperature because the thermal capacity of water is higher than that of soil. Areas with higher vegetation coverage also functioned better for the purpose of heat-insulating. This phenomenon may thus play an important role in the environmental protection and effective uses of frozen soil.     

基于ArcGIS的海事测绘数据转换方法研究

现行的海事测绘数据种类繁多,各类数据在组织结构和空间引擎等因素上存在诸多差异,这些差异已经成为制约海事测绘技术发展的主要瓶颈。以天津港海事测绘数据为研究对象,研究CARIS HPD数据模型的定义规则和底层结构,分析CAD海事测绘数据的空间参考和组织规律,探索电子海图桌应用系统的数据组织结构,并基于ArcGIS转换多源异构的海事测绘数据,为多源海事测绘数据跨平台转换和应用提供理论基础和技术支持。     

雷达图在统计地图中的应用研究

雷达图因其表现多指标统计数据时具有全面、清晰、直观、可读性强等特点,已成为经济财务领域中一种常见的统计数据表现方法,并逐渐拓展到其他领域,其中,以风向玫瑰图的形式在专题地图编制中得到了一定的应用。本文将对其特点进行深入研究,进一步拓展其在统计地图中的应用,以满足当今海量统计数据地图化的需求。     

ENC不一致性问题分类及其对策

ENC作为一种独特的地理空间信息产品,广泛应用于ECDIS(电子海图显示与信息系统)。由于多方面原因,海员在ECDIS使用过程中可发现ENC中存在一些不一致性现象,不仅影响了ENC的数据质量和可信度,而且容易使海员对海上地理要素产生混淆和误判,最终影响船舶海上航行安全。由于海图编绘资料的多源性以及以单幅数据进行生产的作业模式,数据生产者在数据质量评价时都将关注点放在单幅数据的检校,却忽视了数据之间的不一致问题。为此,对各类不一致问题进行梳理分类,按照出现位置不同,将不一致问题分为"ENC内部不一致性"、"邻接ENC之间不一致性"和"重叠ENC之间不一致性"等3大类,分别进行了原因分析和示例说明,最后给出了解决ENC不一致性的途径,为ENC不一致问题的进一步研究指明了方向。     

《京津冀协同航运发展地图集》的制图设计与编制初探

首先简要介绍了《京津冀协同航运发展地图集》的编制背景,然后详细地阐述了图集的总体结构、内容体系、编图资料和编制方法,可为其他同类图集的编制提供参考。     

海图更新自动检测系统的设计与实现

海图更新通常是局部要素更新、但是为了防止误操作或拓扑关系变化等原因造成未更新区域要素变化,需要对全图进行检查验收,大大降低了生产效率,同时也增加了人为出错概率。以海图未更新区域自动检测为研究对象,从局部要素更新海图的质量检查内容和特点出发,结合海图更新出版流程,提出了基于数字海图矢量数据比对的质量检查方法,设计了自动更新检测流程,实现了局部更新海图未更新区域要素数据的自动质量检查。应用实践证明,文中提出的方法提高了局部要素更新海图的质量水平和质量检查效率。     

关于我国海域无缝垂直基准构建方法的讨论

本文系统分析了海洋测绘垂直基准在海洋勘测、海洋开发海洋权益维护中的迫切性,提出我国海域无缝垂直基准构建的方法、实施的具体流程及需要解决的关键技术,目的是推动现代海洋测绘垂直基准框架体系的建设。     

鄂尔多斯盆地东部山西组山_2~3亚段砂岩判别图版、砂岩分布规律及成因探讨

勘探实践表明鄂尔多斯盆地东部山西组山32亚段含气性与岩性存在直接关系,石英砂岩储层往往是高产层。因此,寻找石英砂岩储层是该区勘探开发的重点。在岩心刻度测井的基础上,利用测井参数建立了3种类型砂岩的测井判别蛛网图版,并回归了石英相对百分含量与测井参数之间的关系式,利用此关系式对山32亚段砂岩类型进行识别,判识准确率达到80%。同时结合岩石薄片鉴定等资料,绘制了研究区砂岩类型平面分布图。单井结合平面图分析发现研究区存在3个环带状石英砂岩分布区域。从大地构造环境、物源、沉积环境等方面对该区山32亚段石英含量普遍较高和平面环带状分布原因进行了探讨,认为受海退影响的海岸线频繁变迁是形成石英砂岩分布的主要因素。     

利用探空资料作3T测风图

介绍了3T测风图的原理和3T测风图软件的研制方法。系统采用面向对象编程技术，选用Visual Basic60作为开发语言，实现了3T测风图的任意时段，任意站点的查阅。