Seismic behavior of ductile rectangular composite bridge piers

The seismic resistance characteristics of a newly developed composite bridge pier system are examined via a series of experimental studies. In this innovative bridge pier system, the shear strength is provided by the steel tube and the concrete confined by the steel tube. No transverse shear reinforcement is used in this system. Axial and flexural strengths of the bridge pier are exerted by the longitudinal reinforcements and the concrete. A gap between the end of steel tube and the reinforced concrete foundation contributes to the steel tube providing shear resistance only without sharing the flexural moment. From the experimental results of this study, it is found that the flexural strength of the proposed composite bridge pier can be predicted accurately by the conventional method that was used in the reinforced concrete structures. Shear strength of the composite bridge pier can be obtained by summing up shear strengths of the concrete and the steel tube. Excellent deformation capacities are also found from the experimental studies. The proposed composite bridge pier system not only simplifies the construction work greatly, but also provides superior seismic resistance as compared with that of the conventional method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种提高泥石流防撞墩抗冲击性能的方法

为提高桥墩泥石流防撞墩的抗冲击性能,拟将废旧轮胎堆栈于防撞墩前,与之形成一种刚柔复合结构.并使用显式动力有限元软件LS-DYNA,通过对泥石流大石块的冲击过程进行数值计算,发现当冲击能量在轮胎的吸能范围时,其冲击力能降低80％.     

高压旋喷桩技术在某桥墩基坑防水中的应用

介绍十天高速公路嘉陵江1#大桥水中墩基础施工中采用高压旋喷桩作为闭水帷幕的方案设计、施工及施工效果。旋喷桩止水帷幕有效地解决了基坑涌水,保证了后续施工的无水作业,对同类基坑防水施工具有一定的参考和借鉴价值。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000393

Wide-open V-shaped conjugate strike-slip faults in Asia are typically related to extrusion tectonics. However, the tectonic model based on the slip-line theory of plasticity has some critical problems associated with it. The conjugate sets of slip-lines in plane deformation, according to the theory of plasticity should be normal to each another but, in reality, the angles between the conjugate strike-slip faults, which are regarded as slip-lines in extrusion tectonics in the eastern Mediterranean, Tibet-middle Asia, China and the Indochina Peninsular regions, are always more than 90° (on average 110°) in the direction of contraction. Another problem is that the slip-line theory fails to explain how, in some cases, e.g., in the Anatolian area in the eastern Mediterranean, the extrusion rate is much higher than the indent rate. The two major problems are easy to solve in terms of the Maximum-Effective-Moment (MEM) Criterion that predicts that orientations of the shear zones are theoretically at an angle of 54.7° and practically at angles of 55°±10° with the σ1- or contractional direction. The orientations of the strike-slip faults that accommodate extrusion tectonics are, therefore, fundamentally controlled by the MEM Criterion. When extrusion is along the MEM-orientations, the extruding rate is normally higher than the indenting rate.     

中欧规范RC桥墩抗震设计及验算方法对比研究

地震作用下钢筋混凝土（RC）桥墩容易损坏。为完善RC桥墩的抗震设计及验算方法,对比最新中国和欧洲规范中关于RC桥墩的延性抗震设计及验算方法的不同之处。基于Midas/Civil软件所建立的常规连续梁桥有限元模型,对比分析采用中欧规范开展的RC桥墩延性抗震设计及验算结果。结果表明:中欧规范中关于RC桥墩的延性抗震设计理念、抗剪和变形验算方法及延性构造细节均有区别。基于中欧规范设计的RC桥墩配筋情况存在差异。与中国规范相比,欧洲规范关于RC桥墩的横向钢筋配筋率和纵筋最小配筋率要求较高,有利于保证结构的抗剪强度和延性;箍筋最大间距要求较低,不利于防止纵筋压曲。     

Experimental study of the seismic behavior of partially concrete‐filled steel bridge piers under bidirectional dynamic loading

The seismic behavior of steel bridge piers partially filled with concrete under actual earthquake conditions was investigated by using 20 square section specimens subjected to static cyclic loading tests and single‐directional and bidirectional hybrid loading tests. Acceleration records of two horizontal NS and EW directional components for hard (GT1), medium (GT2), and soft grounds (GT3), obtained during the 1995 Kobe earthquake, were adopted in dynamic tests. Experimental results clearly showed that maximum and residual displacements under actual earthquake conditions cannot be accurately estimated by conventional single‐directional loading tests, especially for GT2 and GT3. A modified admissible displacement was proposed on the basis of bidirectional loading test results. The concrete fill can effectively improve the seismic resistance performance if the concrete inside the steel bridge piers is sufficiently high in quantity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

装配式预应力混凝土双柱桥墩抗震性能研究进展

装配式预应力混凝土双柱桥墩是一种在上世纪铁路桥梁中广泛应用的一种桥墩形式.随着城市高架、跨海大桥、高速铁路等工程的不断新建,需要继续采用这种具有突出优点的桥墩方案.但是对于装配式双柱墩的设计及其抗震性能,目前仍然缺乏系统的研究.这已成为困扰桥梁设计工程师和业主的技术难题,从而限制了装配式双柱墩在我国桥梁建设中的应用.为了解决此技术难题,本文对目前的研究现状进行了剖析,并对进一步的研究思路和研究内容进行了详细分析.在此基础上进行的研究将为装配式双柱墩在我国的推广应用提供可靠的基础研究资料.     

基于黏滞液体阻尼器的铁路钢桁梁桥减震研究

以某高墩大跨度铁路简支钢桁梁桥为实际工程背景,研究了黏滞液体阻尼器对结构纵向抗震性能的影响.采用非线性时程分析方法,对黏滞液体阻尼器的相关参数及布置位置进行了优化分析.分析结果表明:合理选择黏滞液体阻尼器的布置位置、个数及阻尼参数,高墩大跨铁路简支钢桁梁桥具有明显的减震效果.     

Behavior of single rammed aggregate piers considering installation effects

A three-dimensional numerical method was used to simulate cavity expansion during installation and an in situ load test conducted on a single rammed aggregate pier (RAP). Verification of the numerical model was carried out by comparing the computed settlements at top and tip of the pier with the measured values. An un-rammed aggregate pier (UAP) of the same diameter and length was also simulated using the numerical method to demonstrate the effect of installation. Interpretations of the numerical results were focused on the load–settlement behavior, the bulging of the pier, the axial load distributions along the pier, and the stress paths of the soil around the pier. A parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of the pier length/diameter ratio and the soil properties on the behavior of rammed and un-rammed aggregate piers.     

宽断面预留墩柱沿空留巷墩柱支护阻力计算研究

针对常规沿空留巷技术在工作面回采速度和采空区作业危险性方面存在的局限性,提出了一种新型沿空留巷技术——宽断面预留墩柱沿空留巷技术,该技术的实施步骤为：首先掘进一条宽断面巷道,随后在巷道断面中心安设一排墩柱,墩柱的一侧为本工作面的运输巷,另一侧作为下一工作面的轨道巷,墩柱作为巷旁支护体使下一工作面的轨道巷保留下来以供使用。结果表明：在掘巷时设立墩柱能够维持宽断面巷道围岩的稳定,同时避免了传统沿空留巷在工作面后方作业,安全性得到了较大提高。在巷道掘进阶段,采用二次成巷技术和锚杆-墩柱联合支护技术可保证巷道的稳定;在留巷阶段,高强度的墩柱对沿空留巷顶板的切断和支撑有较好的控制效果,当墩柱间距为1.5 m时,切顶所需墩柱阻力为21.53 MPa,小于墩柱抗压强度（42 MPa）,墩柱承载力满足沿空留巷要求,顶底板相对移近量为652 mm,墩柱压缩量最大值为164 mm,墩柱能起到一定让压作用,同时对顶板有较好的支撑,可以很好地适应沿空留巷顶板活动规律,现场应用效果良好。