超浅层顶管施工诱发地表沉降规律分析

随着社会化进程的推进,顶管法在各类城市地下管线的施工中得到广泛应用。超浅层顶管施工。绝大多数是在已建道路下进行的,施工时,易发生地表沉降,且沉降量很大,易破坏路面。为此,超浅层顶管施工对周围环境的影响已引起人们足够的重视,其施工及控制技术是目前迫切需要掌握的。利用有限差分软件FLAC3D对顶管施工过程中地表沉降进行模拟,旨在了解超浅层顶管施工引起的力学效应。对超浅层顶管施工引起的地表沉降作出预测,为采取措施减小地表沉降提供依据。     

苏州城市规划区地下空间开发适宜性评价

结合苏州城市规划区的地质环境特点,选取地形地貌、建筑场地类别、不良岩土体、水文条件、地质灾害等5个方面13个因子作为地下空间资源开发适宜性评价指标,运用层次分析法(AHP)确定各指标因子的权重,采用多目标线性加权函数建立评价数学模型,利用GIS叠加生成适宜性评价图。结果表明:西部基岩山区地质环境条件较好,适宜地下空间开发,东部平原区水系发育,软土层较厚,水文条件复杂,地下空间开发适宜性相对较差。     

Influence of underground space development mode on the groundwater flow field in Xiong’an new area

The degree and scale of underground space development are growing with the continuous advancement of urbanization in China. The lack of research on the change of the groundwater flow field before and after the development of underground space has led to various problems in the process of underground space development and operation. This paper took the key development zone of the Xiong’an New Area as the study area, and used the Groundwater modeling system software (GMS) to analyse the influence on the groundwater flow field under the point, line, and surface development modes. The main results showed that the underground space development would lead to the expansion and deepening of the cone of depression in the aquifer. The groundwater level on the upstream face of the underground structure would rise, while the water level on the downstream face would drop. The “line” concurrent development has the least impact on the groundwater flow field, and the maximum rise of water level on the upstream side of the underground structure is expected to be approximately 3.05 m. The “surface” development has the greatest impact on the groundwater flow field, and the maximum rise of water level is expected to be 7.17 m.     

光面爆破椭圆双极线性聚能药柱有效功及不耦合系数模拟研究

基于动力学仿真软件AUTODYN,对椭圆双极线性聚能药柱(EBLSC)进行了数值模拟。采用二维面对称计算方法,花岗岩岩体,空气夹层不耦合装药条件,研究了EBLSC结构及不耦合系数对光面爆破效果的影响,并建立有效体积功模型以评价爆破效果。结果表明,炮孔连线方向和垂直方向上的比冲量相近,偏差＜10%,故总能量沿周向近似均匀分布,但炮孔连线方向产生明显侵彻裂隙,且粉碎圈厚度和腔体扩张程度要小得多,表明该装药结构能够明显提高炸药能量的利用率和爆破效果;随着不耦合系数增大,炮孔连线方向上的损耗体积功先减小后增大,存在最大有效功。利用曲线拟合,得到最优不耦合系数约3.62,与相关文献的试验结果相近。     

基坑围护钢筋混凝土支撑精确爆破拆除

介绍了南京新城科技园国际研发总部园基坑支撑体系精确爆破拆除实例。针对大面积、大体量的支撑拆除,提出了精确爆破参数、科学起爆网络、可靠安全防护措施方案,取得了良好的爆破效果。     

铁路栈桥桥墩钢围堰的拆除爆破

钢围堰内混凝土拆除爆破工程较为鲜见 ,文章介绍了该工程所选取的爆破诸参数以及所采用的施工工艺 ,可供同行参考     

Optimizing dewatering design for a metro station on the Chengdu Metro Line 7

At present, most calculation results regarding foundation pit dewatering are ideal values, making construction resources prone to being wasted. In order to optimize the traditional pipe well design of large wells, the linear programming solution module in Excel is used, with the total water inflow taken as the objective function, the water level drawdown used as the constraint and test condition, and a station project on the Chengdu Metro Line 7 serving as the subject of this study. The total water inflow of the traditional pipe well design is optimized by the simplex method, producing a total water inflow of 4 040.65 m~3/d, which, compared with 4 829.79 m~3/d, the total water inflow calculated by means of the traditional design optimization method, engenders a reduction of roughly 16% per day. The feasibility of the optimization methodology is verified by the drawdown constraint, which reveals the decrease of construction costs and the diminution of the influence that the lowered groundwater level has on the surroundings of the metro station. Finally, references are provided as to optimizing the dewatering designs for other metro stations in similar engineering and hydrogeological conditions.     

Application of Air Decks in Production Blasting to Improve Fragmentation and Economics of an Open Pit Mine

In blasting with air decks, repeated oscillation of shock waves within the air gap increases the time over which it acts on the surrounding rock mass by a factor at between 2 and 5. The ultimate effect lies in increasing the crack network in the surrounding rock and reducing the burden movement. Trials of air deck blasting in the structurally unfavourable footwall side of an open pit manganese mine has resulted in substantial improvements in fragmentation and blast economics. Better fragmentation resulted in improved shovel loading efficiency by 50–60%. Secondary blasting was almost eliminated. Use of ANFO explosive with this technique reduced explosive cost by 31.6%. Other benefits included reductions in overbreak, throw and ground vibration of the order of 60–70, 65–85 and 44% respectively. This paper reviews the theory of air deck blasting and describes in detail the air deck blast trials conducted in a manganese open pit mine in India. The blast performance data have been analysed to evaluate the benefits of air decking over conventional blasting.     

新疆地下热水特征及其与地震活动的关系

新疆地下热水广泛分布于昆仑山、天山和阿尔泰山。温泉和地震活动与大地构造、板块运动有着密切的联系。动态观测资料分析表明,热水温度变化不仅受到地震的作用,而且显示出某些地震前兆信息。分析了地下热水的化学成分、气体组分、微量元素、放射性元素,认为某些热水具有低矿化、高碱性、高氟、高氦等独特性质,有可能是形成于地壳深部或上地幔的深成水     

新疆地下水热水特征及其与地震活动的关系

新疆地下热水广泛分布于昆仑山,天山和阿尔泰册。温泉和地震活动与大地构造,板块运动有着密切的联系。动态观测资料分析表明,热水温度变化不仅受到地震的作用,而且显示出某些地震前兆信息。分析了地下热水的化学成分,气体组分,微量元素,放射性元素,认为某些热水具有低矿化,高碱性,高氟,高氦等独特性质,有可能是形成于地壳深部或上地幔地深成水。