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61.
The Duguer area represents one of the few occurrences of high-grade metamorphic rocks in the ‘Central Uplift’ zone of the Qiangtang terrane, central Tibet. The metamorphic rocks consist mainly of orthogneiss, paragneiss, and schist. To better understand the formation of these rocks, seven samples of gneiss and schist from the Duguer area were selected for in situ zircon U–Pb analysis and Ar–Ar dating of metamorphic minerals. The results suggest two distinct metamorphic stages, during the Late Triassic (229–227 Ma) and Late Jurassic (150–149 Ma). These stages correspond to the closure of the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean and northward subduction of the Bangong–Nujiang Neo-Tethys oceanic crust, respectively. We suggest that the Late Triassic metamorphic rocks of the Duguer area in the central South Qiangtang subterrane provide evidence of continental collision between the North and South Qiangtang subterranes, following the subduction of oceanic crust. It is likely that deep subduction of oceanic crust occurred along the Longmu Co–Shuanghu–Lancangjiang suture zone (LSLSZ), which would have hindered exhumation owing to the high density of oceanic crust. Subsequent break-off and delamination of the subducted oceanic slab at ~220 Ma may have resulted in exhumation of high-pressure and high-grade metamorphic rocks in the South Qiangtang subterrane. The Late Jurassic ages of metamorphism and deformation obtained in this study indicate the occurrence of an Andean-type orogenic event within the South Qiangtang subterrane. This hypothesis is further supported by an apparent age gap in magmatic activity (150–130 Ma) along the magmatic arc, and the absence of Late Jurassic sediments. 相似文献
62.
S. Rossano E. Balan G. Morin J.-P. Bauer G. Calas C. Brouder 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1999,26(6):530-538
Tektite glasses are investigated using 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Room temperature spectra analysis is performed using two complementary analytical methods based on two-dimensional distributions of both isomer shift and quadrupole splitting. No a priori correlation between the two hyperfine parameters is considered. The first method, based on a shape independent distribution, provides the justification for the Gaussian distribution shape used in the second method. No ferric iron contribution is evidenced by Mössbauer spectra analysis in these samples, although several criteria are used. Ferrous iron sites are shown to be continuously distributed between four- and five-fold co-ordinated sites. 相似文献
63.
64.
S.-U. Weber M. Grodzicki C. A. Geiger W. Lottermoser G. Tippelt G. J. Redhammer M. Bernroider G. Amthauer 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2007,34(1):1-9
Three natural lawsonites from Syke Rock, Mendocino Co., Reed Ranch, Marin Co., and Blake Gardens, Sonoma Co., all from the Coast Range Region in California, were studied by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, electron microprobe analysis, and X-ray powder diffraction. The samples contain about 0.6, 1.0, and 1.4 wt% of total iron oxide, respectively. 57Fe Mössbauer spectra are consistent with the assumption that high-spin Fe3+ substitutes for Al in the octahedrally coordinated site. The Mössbauer spectrum of lawsonite from Syke Rock exhibits a second doublet with 57Fe hyperfine parameters typical for octahedrally coordinated high-spin Fe2+. Electronic structure calculations in the local spin density approximation yield quadrupole splittings for Fe3+ in quantitative agreement with experiment indicating, however, that substitution of Al by Fe3+ must be accompanied by local distortion around the octahedral site. Model calculations also reproduce the room temperature hyperfine parameters of ferrous high-spin iron assuming the substitution of Ca by Fe2+. However, it cannot be excluded that Fe2+ may occupy a more asymmetric site within the microstructural cavity occupied by Ca and a H2O molecule. 相似文献
65.
对于国内外不同的规范、手册中对于桩基软弱下卧层验算的不同方法进行了分析。提出以下的一些建议:承台底面以上的原地基土自重在附加应力计算时可以扣除,在总应力计算时再加上;扣除的群桩实体基础四周的摩阻力应使用群桩四周地基土的摩阻力特征值,而不是极限值;对于地下室中的独立柱的桩基础和内墙的条形桩基础,应当从地下室地面而不是原地面起算进行验算。 相似文献
66.
郯庐断裂带及邻区构造组合研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
地壳岩石圈中的各种构造要素是相互关联和相互依存的。本文从构造变形场的角度 ,分别分析和总结了郯庐断裂带及邻区伸展构造组合、挤缩构造组合、走滑构造组合和垂直构造组合的不同类型 ,分析了相同构造活动期不同部位构造组合的并列和干涉 ,以及不同构造活动期构造组合的叠加复合。对构造组合的分析和归并 ,实现了大中小型构造的衔接 ,对油气构造的成藏控制机制分析及油气资源的预测和评价具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
67.
Due to the rapid expansion of the Sudanese capital city far away from its three Niles, it has become a necessity to estimate
the sustainability of the groundwater resources in this arid area. The purpose of this study – based on the stable-isotopic
composition of groundwater – is to identify the sources of recharge and their relative contribution. The results show that
groundwater infiltrated from the Niles under the present prevailing arid climate, with greater contribution from the White
Nile compared to the Blue Nile, occupies an extension of 12 km from the Niles within the two main aquifers. Paleogroundwater
of meteoric origin, infiltrated in the cooler pluvial earlier Holocene, occupies the outer zones beyond the Niles' effect.
A rational utilization policy is recommended to preserve the finite groundwater resources.
Received: 27 August 1998 · Accepted: 2 March 1999 相似文献
68.
A hydrogeochemical survey was conducted on Pico Island (Azores archipelago) in order to evaluate the groundwater chemistry
patterns and the main mineralization processes. Samples were from cold waters and corresponded mainly to sodium chloride type.
Conductivity measurements were ∼82–9790 μS/cm and suggest the existence of highly mineralized waters. In fact, 18% had a conductivity
>5130 μS/cm and the total dissolved solid (TDS) value for two of the wells was from the brackish water range. The changes
in groundwater composition are because of two main processes: (1) silicate mineral dissolution, especially in a few springs
located at high altitude and (2) water salinization in the coastal area, as a result of saltwater intrusion and sea-salt spraying.
The salinization process corresponds to a binary mixing system, as suggested by the chloride and δ18O data, and explains the sharp concentration increase in major and minor species detected in several wells.
Received: 23 July 1999 · Accepted: 8 December 1999 相似文献
69.
不同温度条件下乙酸对长石溶蚀过程的实验研究 总被引:25,自引:3,他引:25
本文报道了不同埋藏温压条件下乙酸对条纹长石溶蚀过程的实验研究。结果证明:1)在条纹长石溶蚀过程中,K、Na、Al优先释放,Si是最后释放的元素。2)在相对低温的条件下,长石溶出主要元素的比例远远偏离其化学组成,在相对高温的条件下,则接近其化学组成。3)在条纹长石中.钠长石比钾长石更容易分解。4)温度升高对条纹长石中Si的影响最大,其温度效应分别是K、Al、Na的9.2,8.6和5.4倍。5)不同温度区间Si,Al的温度效应存在显著的差别,Al主要在小于95℃区间释放,而Si主要在大于95℃区间释放,此时将有约2/3的Si不能加入到高岭石中。因而在埋藏成岩过程中,自生SiO2矿物沉淀造成的孔隙封堵作用主要发生在地温大于95℃的埋深中。6)相对高温高压的实验中获得了蛋白石等自生SiO2矿物的沉淀,进一步证明Si主要是在高温区间释放的。 相似文献
70.
The Çalda? nickel laterite deposit located in the Aegean region of W. Turkey contains a reserve of 33 million tons of Ni ore with an average grade of 1.14% Ni. The deposit is developed on an ophiolitic serpentinite body which was obducted onto Triassic dolomites in the Late Cretaceous. The deposit weathering profile is both laterally and vertically variable. A limonite zone, which is the main ore horizon, is located at the base of the profile. A hematite horizon is located above the limonite, which in the south of the deposit is capped by Eocene freshwater limestones and in the north by a siliceous horizon. The deposit is unusual in lacking a significant saprolite zone with little development of Ni-silicates. The boundary between the limonite zone and serpentinite below is sharp with a marked decrease in concentrations of MgO from 13 to 1 wt.% over a distance of 2 mm representing the ‘Mg discontinuity’. Ni concentrations within goethite, the main ore mineral, reach a maximum of ~3 wt.% near the base of the limonite zone. Silica concentrations are high throughout most of the laterite with up to 80 wt.% silica in the upper portion of some profiles. The combination of a serpentinite protolith and a high water table at Çalda?, in association with an aggressive weathering environment in a tropical climate, resulted in the formation of an oxide-dominated deposit. The precipitation of silica may coincide with a change in climate with silica precipitation linked to an increase in seasonality. Additional variations within profile morphology are attributed to transportation during and after laterite development as a result of faulting, pocket type laterite formation and slumping, each of which produces a contrasting set of textural and geochemical features. 相似文献