中国古代大木作结构斗栱竖向承载力的试验研究

为探讨中国古代大木作结构斗栱在竖向地震作用下隔震、减震机理以及相应的竖向极限承载能力，对三个缩尺比为l／3．52的二等材计心造两跳五铺作斗栱进行了竖向荷载作用下的试验研究，得出了相应的P-△曲线。结果表明，在竖向荷载作用下：(1)斗栱结构特性可视为变刚度线弹性变化，可用单自由度的质量-弹簧-阻尼器模型来说明；(2)斗拱的破坏始于华栱中部的塑性变形和劈裂；(3)在地震动过程中，其运动的竖向传递率大约为0．019，说明斗栱在减小结构地震响应方面发挥了重要作用；(4)在正常使用阶段，斗拱的内力与变形不超过其极限承载力的l／7左右，强度裕度很大。这保证了很多中国古代木结构能够抵御许多强烈地震作用并且矗立千年而不倒。     

原子吸收法连续测定铋及氧化铋中铜铅铁镉镍

HNO3分解样品后，直接用火焰原子吸收法测定铋及氧化铋中铜、铅、铁、锡、镍。方法的检出限分别为Cu 0．22μg／g，Pb1．5μg／g，Fe0．39μg／g，Cd0．11μg／g，Ni0．34μg／g。与国标方法进行比较，分析结果基本一致，精密度试验，各元素的RSD(n＝6)≤5．2％。     

闪锌矿中杂质Fe存在形式的重新认识

闪锌矿作为一种重要的金属硫化物已得到广泛的研究，但在对闪上矿中杂质Ｆｅ存在形式的认识上却存在许多问题。本文对不同含Ｆｅ量的天然闪锌矿测定并分析了Ｆｅ的Ｋ边ＥＸＡＦＳ谱，同时对低温光吸收谱及穆斯堡尔进行了研究。结果表明，Ｆｅ在闪锌矿中主要以六配位形式存在。     

巴基斯坦恰希玛核电站用 P300 工程核级离心通风机抗震性能计算及试验研究

核电中的结构、设备的安全可靠性是公众所关注的焦点，国内外的研究人员对此做了大量的工作。然而，对于多种不同的荷载组合，针对某一类结构进行细致的分析研究是必要的。本文对巴基斯坦恰希玛核电站中采用的离心通风机在地震动、转子离心力、结构内压及自重等多种荷载组合作用下对结构进行如下几项分析：（１）对结构建立有限元计算模型，并通过大型振动台试验验证模型的合理性与准确性；（２）减振后结构的动力特性研究。     

Selectivity of various types of salt-resistant plants for K over Na

Selectivity by whole plants for K⁺ over Na⁺ in three types (salt excluding, salt secreting and salt diluting) of salt-resistant plants was investigated. An estimating formula of Selective Absorption (SA) capacity of root systems was derived; the Selective Transport (ST n) capacities between K⁺ and Na⁺ by various parts of the three types of plants were compared. The results showed that the SA value of salt-excluding plants were higher than that of salt-secreting and salt-diluting plants, the ST1 (root:stem) value was much higher, indicating that both the capacity of selective absorption and the capacity of selective transport by root systems were strong. In salt-secreting plants, the SA value lay between salt-diluting and salt-excluding plants, while the ST1 value was the lowest, indicating that the majority of Na⁺ uptake by root systems was transported up to their aerial parts and then the surplus salt was secreted in salt glands. In salt-diluting plants, the SA value was the lowest, indicating that the majority of Na⁺ taken up by the root systems entered into plant body perhaps to satisfy the requirements for osmotic adjustment and growth, and the ST1 value lay between salt-secreting and salt-excluding plants. These data strongly indicate that the SA and ST1 values reflect the K⁺ and Na⁺ selectivity characteristics of salt-resistant plants. Therefore, the various types of salt-resistant plants would be classified by using the values of SA and ST1. We suggest that this provides a way for distinguishing various types of salt-resistant plants. Comparing the ST n values of the six species in our paper, we concluded that the selectivity of transporting K⁺ over Na⁺ into the actively photosynthesizing organs and particularly into the developing ears is extremely high. Our conclusion is in accordance with previous results that demonstrate that the capacities of selective transport by different parts of the plant for K⁺ over Na⁺ are best quantified by ST n values. The necessity, feasibility and wide-ranging applicability of the formulas for estimating SA and ST n values have been discussed in detail.     

用X射线荧光方法测定薄层、镀层和涂层厚度

本文提出用特征 X射线的发射和吸收来测定薄层或表面涂层的厚度。从理论上解决了最佳能量的选择问题 ,使薄层厚度测定的检出下限大幅度优化。并通过实践证明了方法的可靠性和实用性     

细菌富集金的实验及其地球化学意义

细菌富集金的实验表明，细菌具有强烈富集金的能力，起到了海水中微量金捕集器的作用。细菌富集金有吸附和吸收两种形式。吸附是指金被细胞壁分泌的氨基酸等有机物吸附在生物体外；吸收是指金进入生物体内，可能与蛋白质的巯基相结合。细菌是自然界生活力，繁殖力极强，生物产量巨大的微生物。     

磷酸三丁酯醋酸纤维富集－火焰原子吸收法测定地质样品中痕量金

在５％～４０％王水介质中，用磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）－醋酸纤维吸附富集Ａｕ，被吸附的Ａｕ用热硫脲溶液解脱，火焰原子吸收法测定。Ａｕ的回收率大于９８％，方法简便快速，经地质标样分析验证结果可靠。     

矿物,岩石对纳米金吸附作用的实验研究

以实验方法配制成了纳米级大小的微粒金，使存在于溶液中，并加以保护，以免纳米微粒金自动凝聚长大，在此基础上，用各种矿物和岩石进行吸附实验研究，实验结果表明，不同的矿物和岩石对纳米金的吸附性能不同。     

镓的原子吸收光谱分析进展

文章对近年来用原子吸收光谱法测定镓进行了总结评述。重点介绍了用电热原子吸收法测Ｇａ时，基体改进剂、进样方式以及预富集技术对提高方法灵敏度的作用。引用主要文献３８篇。