潘北矿–580m水平出水点H_2S成因分析及处理试验

安微淮南潘北煤矿–580 m水平探4孔与ES1C3上3-1孔在疏放太原组灰岩水时带有臭鸡蛋气味,且水流过程中伴有白色絮状漂浮物。通过采集水样,测试了出水孔水质及气体,分析了其形成原因。结果表明:气体为H2S,两出水孔的水质均具有低SO2–4、高HCO–3、弱碱性特征,白色絮状物为有机质和钙、镁物质的结合,该异常现象是脱硫酸与脱碳酸共同作用的结果。为及时处理异味对井下作业环境的影响,采用纳米二氧化钛–紫外光催化氧化法在室内对水进行硫化氢去除试验,其去除率为80%~90%,效果显著。     

A preliminary methods comparison for measurement of dissolved organic nitrogen in seawater

Routine determination of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) is performed in numerous laboratories around the world using one of three families of methods: UV oxidation (UV), persulfate oxidation (PO), or high temperature combustion (HTC). Essentially all routine methods measure total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and calculate DON by subtracting the dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). While there is currently no strong suggestion that any of these methods is inadequate, there are continuing suspicions of slight inaccuracy by UV methods.This is a report of a broad community methods comparison where 29 sets (7 UV, 13 PO, and 9 HTC) of TDN analyses were performed on five samples with varying TDN and DIN concentrations. Analyses were done in a “blind” procedure with results sent to the first author. With editing out one set of extreme outliers (representing 5 out of 145 ampoules analyzed), the community comparability for analyzing the TDN samples was in the 8–28% range (coefficient of variation representing one standard deviation for the five individual samples by 28 analyses). When DIN concentrations were subtracted uniformly (single DIN value for each sample), the comparability was obviously worse (19–46% cv). This comparison represents a larger and more diverse set of analyses, but the overall comparability is only marginally better than that of the Seattle workshop of a decade ago. Grouping methods, little difference was seen other than inconclusive evidence that the UV methods gave TDN values for several of the samples higher than HTC methods. Since there was much scatter for each of the groups of methods and for all analyses when grouped, it is thought that more uniformity in procedures is probably needed. An important unplanned observation is that variability in DIN analyses (used in determining the final analyte in most UV and PO methods) is essentially as large as the variability in the TDN analyses.This exercise should not be viewed as a qualification exercise for the analysts, but should instead be considered a broad preliminary test of the comparison of the families of methods being used in various laboratories around the world. Based on many independent analyses here, none of the routinely used methods appears to be grossly inaccurate, thus, most routine TDN analyses being reported in the literature are apparently accurate. However, it is not reassuring that the ability of the international community to determine DON in deep oceanic waters continues to be poor. It is suggested that as an outgrowth of this paper, analysts using UV and PO methods experiment and look more carefully at the completeness of DIN conversion to the final analyte and also at the accuracy of their analysis of the final analyte. HTC methods appear to be relatively easy and convenient and have potential for routine adoption. Several of the authors of this paper are currently working together on an interlaboratory comparison on HTC methodology.     

Cyclic light and period variations of the UV Leonis system

Solutions of the new standard V‐light curves for the EA type binary UV Leo are obtained using the PHOEBE code (0.31a version). Absolute parameters of the stellar components were then determined, enabling them to be positioned on the absolute magnitude‐color (l.e. M_V vs. B – V) isochrones diagram, based on which the age of the system is estimated to be >4×10⁹ yr. Also times of minima data (“O – C curve”) have been analyzed. Apart from an almost sinusoidal variation with a period of 29.63 yr, which modulates the orbital period, and was attributed to a third body orbiting around the system, other cyclic variation in the orbital period and also brightness, with time scales of 24.25 and 22.77 yr were found, respectively. We associate this with a magnetic activity cycle newly reported here for UV Leo (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

CIPP紫外线固化施工的质量验收方法

本文概要论述了排水管道CIPP拉入法内衬修复技术采用紫外线固化的工艺过程、技术优势;并根据紫外线固化工艺存在的技术缺陷,提出了有针对性的可操作的质量验收方法,希望对管道业主同仁们在紫外线固化工程验收时有所助益,以进一步促进管道非开挖修复事业在我国的健康发展。     

不同时期再造琥珀的微细结构对比及鉴定

再造琥珀制造技术不断更新换代,并不断取得进展。市场上能见到不同时期的再造琥珀,给实验室鉴定带来挑战。为科学鉴定这些琥珀,结合前人研究和国检（NGTC）近年来的研究成果,主要从放大检查,正交偏光,紫外荧光这三方面分别对早期和近期再造琥珀的鉴定特征进行了系统研究和阐述。结果显示,早期传统再造琥珀的“血丝”状构造明显,其在正交偏光下的特征及紫外灯下的荧光特征明显。近期再造琥珀中的“血丝”变浅,其后多数又进行了一系列后期处理,掩盖了原有的再造琥珀特征,所以其在正交偏光下的特征及紫外灯下的荧光特征均不明显。但在强透射光源照射下,仍可发现局部残余的再造特征,如沿“血丝”分布的片状炸裂纹、流动的“砂糖”状构造等。这些微细结构特征有助于对不同时期再造琥珀进行正确举别。     

Degradation of organic matter from wastewater using advanced primary treatment by O3 and O3/UV in a pilot plant

The oxidation of organic matter from wastewater using ozone, ultraviolet radiation and ozone/UV oxidation was evaluated in a pilot plant, applying a continuous effluent arising from the Autonomous Metropolitan University wastewater treatment plant. The oxidation was measured as the efficiency to remove organic load, measured as chemical oxygen demand. The use of ozone and UV was evaluated separately and in combination through a continuous process. Three different ozone doses (0.6–1.2 mg O₃/L) and three different UV radiation fluencies (6.7–20.12 mJ/cm²) were assessed. A synergistic effect of the combined process ozone/UV was demonstrated, and a maximal chemical oxygen demand reduction was achieved both processes. Due to residence times used (less than 1 min), 36% of chemical oxygen demand reduction was obtained when ozone treatment was evaluate separately and only 9% using ultraviolet radiation.     

黄姑鱼雌核发育的人工诱导及鉴定

采用紫外线（UV）灭活的同源精子通过冷休克抑制第二极体排放诱导黄姑鱼的雌核发育。黄姑鱼精子最适的灭活剂量为420 mJ/cm2,紫外照射剂量与黄姑鱼精子和卵子授精后的受精率及孵化率之间表现出明显的Hertwig效应。多次试验筛选的黄姑鱼雌核发育的最适条件为授精后2min在3℃处理8min。雌核发育仔鱼经形态学和流式细胞仪鉴定为二倍体。进一步利用10对微卫星分析了遗传物质在亲本和子代中的传递情况,结果表明雌核发育后代的等位基因完全来自于母本,没有父本基因参与;雌核发育后代在5个位点微卫星位点具有较高的重组率,使其与母本保持了高度同质性。     

黄姑鱼(Nibea albiflora)雌核发育的人工诱导及鉴定

采用紫外线(UV)灭活的同源精子通过冷休克抑制第二极体排放诱导黄姑鱼(Nibea albiflora)的雌核发育。结果表明,黄姑鱼精子最适的灭活剂量为420mJ/cm2,紫外照射剂量与黄姑鱼精子和卵子授精后的受精率及孵化率之间表现出明显的Hertwig效应。多次试验筛选的黄姑鱼雌核发育的最适条件为授精后2min于3℃处理8min。雌核发育仔鱼经形态学和流式细胞仪鉴定为二倍体。进一步利用10对微卫星分析了遗传物质在亲本和子代中的传递情况,结果表明雌核发育后代的等位基因完全来自于母本,没有父本基因参与;雌核发育后代在5个微卫星位点具有较高的重组率,使其与母本保持了高度同质性。     

Degradation of Monoazo Pigments Red 53:1 and Red 48:2 by Fenton,Photo‐Fenton and UV/Peroxide Reactions

The degradation reactions of two monoazo pigments, namely, Red 53:1 and Red 48:2, by Fenton, photo‐Fenton and UV/H₂O₂ systems have been studied. The efficiencies of the Fenton reactions increased with temperature, but the formation of solid agglomerates was observed when the reactions were carried out above 50°C indicating a coagulant action of Fe⁺² or Fe⁺³. Photo‐Fenton reactions irradiated by sunlight presented the best rate constants for cleavage of the azo bond and the naphthalene rings. The UV/H₂O₂ system exhibited the highest efficiency with respect to the consumption of H₂O₂. The presence of a carbonyl group in the ortho position of the naphthol ring hampered the oxidation of pigment Red 48:2 by hydroxyl radicals. This finding may be explained in terms of the acceptor character of the COOH group, and suggests the formation of a complex containing two six‐membered rings between Fe⁺³ and the pigment molecule.