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61.
Francine M. G. McCarthy John H. McAndrews Steve M. Blasco Sarah H. Tiffin 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2007,37(3):453-470
High-resolution seismic reflection profile data show that the modern sediment cover (over the last 150 years) in Georgian
Bay is thin and spatially discontinuous. Sediments rich in ragweed pollen, largely derived from siltation linked to land clearing
and European settlement, form a thin, discontinuous veneer on the lakebed. Much of the lakebed consists of exposed sediments
deposited during the late glacial or early postglacial. Accumulation rates of modern sediments range from < 0 mm/year (net
erosion) to ∼3.2 mm/year, often within a few hundred metres spatially. These rates are much lower than those reported for
the main basin of Lake Huron and the other Great Lakes, and are attributed to the low sediment supply. Only a few small rivers
flow into Georgian Bay, and most of the basin is surrounded by bedrock of Precambrian gneiss and granite to the east, and
Silurian dolostone, limestone and shale to the west. Thick deposits of Pleistocene drift, found on the Georgian Bay shoreline
only between Meaford and Port Severn, are the main sediment source for the entire basin at present. Holocene to modern sediments
are even absent from some deep basins of Georgian Bay. These findings have implications for the ultimate fate of anthropogenic
contaminants in Georgian Bay. While microfossil assemblages in the ragweed-rich sediments record increased eutrophication
over the last 150 years, most pollutants generated in the Georgian Bay catchment are not accumulating on the lakebed and are
probably exported from the Bay. 相似文献
62.
63.
R. V. Rohli A. J. Vega M. R. Binkley S. D. Britton H. E. Heckman J. M. Jenkins Y. Ono D. E. Sheeler 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2001,21(4)
Impacts on water resources caused by human activity, natural climate variation and long-term climate change are unclear in the US Great Lakes region. Improved understanding of the impact of atmospheric circulation on stream discharge variability into the Lakes is thus important. In this analysis, monthly surface and mid-tropospheric circulation patterns suggest that surface pressure variations over Missouri and Illinois are most strongly correlated to discharge. The mid-tropospheric patterns most directly related to discharge place the Great Lakes in a trough-to-ridge flow pattern. The analysis confirms that at this scale, lee shore advection resulting in ‘lake-effect’ precipitation is not very important to regional discharge, and neither are variations in the Pacific–North American teleconnection. 相似文献
64.
65.
Organic Material and Trace Elements of Bituminous Rocks in the Ozankiiy Field, Ankara, Turkey
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Saday Azadoglu ALIYEV Ali SARI 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(4):658-667
Bituminous rocks in the Ozankoey (Ankara) field are different from those of the Paleocene- Eocene Mengen and Giineytepe (Bolu) regions in metal enrichment levels. Organic carbon (Corg) content of organic material-rich rocks in the Ozankoey (Ankara) field is 3.66-40.72% wt averaging 14.34%. The dominant organic materials are algae/amorphous accompanied by minor amount of herbaceous material (The dominant kerogen type is Type-I with a limited amount of Type-Ⅱ kerogen.). The bituminous rocks in the Ozankoey field are enriched in heavy metals such as Ni, Mn, As and Cr. In comparison with the average enrichment values of dements, Ni, Mn, As and Cr in bituminous shales of the Ozankoey field are as about 4.38, 14.93, 10.90 and 5.58 times as average values. The average concentrations of these heavy metals are also as high as 215× 10^-6, 828 × 10^-6, 58.54 × 10^-6, and 148 × 10^-6 respectively. In addition, sorption properties of day and organic materials are also important for metal enrichments in the bituminous shales. 相似文献
66.
Organic Material and Trace Elements of Bituminous Rocks in the Ozank(?)y Field,Ankara,Turkey
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Bituminous rocks in the Ozank(?)y(Ankara) field are different from those of the Paleocene- Eocene Mengen and Güineytepe(Bolu) regions in metal enrichment levels.Organic carbon(C_(org)) content of organic material-rich rocks in the Ozank(?)y(Ankara) field is 3.66-40.72% wt averaging 14.34%.The dominant organic materials are algae/amorphous accompanied by minor amount of herbaceous material(The dominant kerogen type is Type-Ⅰwith a limited amount of Type-Ⅱkerogen.). The bituminous rocks in the Ozank(?)y field are enriched in heavy metals such as Ni,Mn,As and Cr.In comparison with the average enrichment values of elements,Ni,Mn,As and Cr in bituminous shales of the Ozank(?)y field are as about 4.38,14.93,10.90 and 5.58 times as average values.The average concentrations of these heavy metals are also as high as 215×10~(-6),828×10~(-6),58.54×10~(-6),and 148×10~(-6) respectively.In addition,sorption properties of clay and organic materials are also important for metal enrichments in the bituminous shales. 相似文献
67.
Yongping YUAN Ronald BINGNER Randall WILLIAMS Richard LOWRANCE David BOSCH Joe SHERIDAN 《国际泥沙研究》2007,22(1):60-69
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution model (AnnAGNPS) is used to help evaluate a watershed response to agricultural management practices to control water quality. However, AnnAGNPS version 3.5 does not contain features to estimate the effect of a riparian buffer (RB) system on water quality. The Riparian Ecosystem Management Model (REMM) is used to simulate the impact of riparian buffer systems on water quality. However, frequently the lack of measured upland loadings that are required by REMM simulation limits the application of REMM. To address this data gap, a study was conducted to integrate AnnAGNPS with REMM for RB system simulation. AnnAGNPS was used to simulate water and sediment loadings from an upland field into a three-zone RB system at the Gibbs Farm located in the Georgia coastal plain. These AnnAGNPS outputs were used as the inputs to REMM. REMM was used to simulate water and sediment movement along the riparian buffers. The AnnAGNPS simulated amount of annual runoff at the edge of the field was close to observed amounts (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.92). It is believed that a substantial portion of sand was removed from the runoff one meter into the grass buffer where the samplers were located; therefore, sand was excluded from the AnnAGNPS simulation for comparison with observed sediment. Excluding sand, the AnnAGNPS predicted amount of annual sediment matches the observed amount fairly well (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.46). In addition, based on evaluating the percent reduction of sediment at each zonal interface, the AnnAGNPS/REMM model well simulated the function of the RB system to reduce sediment. 相似文献
68.
69.
流域地形自动分割研究 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
本文提供了基于栅格数字高程模型(DEM)提取流域空间结构,进行流域自动分割的技术方法。该方法包括地貌形态结构定义、流域结构定义和算法设计3个部分。基于本文设计的算法,可以从DEM提取完整的汇流网络和分水线网络,两者组成的多边形集把流域分割成具有拓扑结构的多个子汇流区,这个子汇流区集作为存贮流域信息的基本地貌单元,是流域信息进入地学数据库的框架,也是进行空间分布式机理──过程流域分析模型的基础。并以山西离石黄土丘陵沟壑区的王家沟流域为试验区,获得了较为满意的结果。 相似文献
70.
KAYA Murat ALTINDAG Ahmet 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2007,25(4):423-426
Thirteen rotifer species belonging to the families Lepadellidae and Trichocercidae were studied taxonomically from nine water bodies in Turkey. Lepadella biloba is a new entry to the Turkish rotifer fauna. All species were drawn under a light microscope using a camera lucida. 相似文献