哥伦比亚OMBU区古近系Em组层序地层研究

综合利用地震、测井等地质资料,运用层序地层学方法和技术,建立了层序地层格架和对比模式,对研究区古近系Em组地层的发育展布特征以及沉积环境进行了研究。Em组顶底均为区域上的不整合面,内部划分为两期基准面升降体系域。构造运动和沉积物供应控制下的基准面升级使得沉积初期研究区发育辩状河-曲流河沉积体系,至晚期演变为曲流河沉积体系。     

湖南慈利溪口震旦系陡山沱组震积岩的发现及其地质意义

湘西慈利溪口地区震旦系陡山沱组地层中首次发现碳酸盐岩原地震积岩。笔者通过剖面实测,详细观察和描述,结合构造背景,识别出阶梯状层内断层、液化碳酸盐岩脉、液化角砾岩、负荷构造以及微褶纹理等典型的震积软沉积变形构造的地质记录;震积序列在剖面结构上显示自下而上由下伏未震动层-阶梯状层内断层-微褶皱层-液化碳酸盐岩层-液化角砾岩层-上覆未震动层的渐变过程及震积作用逐渐衰减的趋势。震积岩发育的层位在时空上显示良好的可对比性,反映陡山沱期晚期构造活动强烈,并具备多旋回、多周期的特点。构造的活跃加速了有机碳库的氧化,为该时期多细胞生物的繁盛和大规模的成磷成矿作用奠定了基础;同时保存完好的震积地层记录对推断研究区的古沉积环境也具有重要意义。     

郯庐断裂带北段构造样式解析

郯庐断裂带(郯城—庐江断裂带)北段在中—新生代发生多期不同性质活动,形成各具特色的构造样式.各种构造样式和地层间切割或覆盖关系的匹配研究,为限定断裂带活动期次及时代,建立郯庐断裂带北段变形序列提供了第一手资料.不同构造样式反映了断裂带由老至新经历了以下5个重要的变形事件:①密山县知—镇韧性剪切带黑云母40 Ar/39 ...     

辽宁兴城龙回头盆地海房沟组地层序列 及沉积环境研究

[摘 要]龙回头盆地是位于辽宁省葫芦岛南的小型中生代盆地,盆地内充填中侏罗统海房沟组,本文以研究盆地内海房沟组地层序列及沉积环境为目的,在盆地内进行实测剖面、砾岩成分统计、砾岩粒径统计、砂岩粒度分析等工作,在海房沟组内发现植物化石(Podozamitaceae gen.indet.)及煤线,认为盆地内海房沟组与锦西南票盘道沟海房沟组及北票海房沟村海房沟组岩石地层序列可以对比。对砾岩的研究结果表明,盆地内砾岩普遍具有短距离搬运、快速堆积的特点,并通过分析剖面内砾岩、砂岩、粉砂岩及泥岩的岩石组合特征,认为盆地内海房沟组属山前盆地冲积扇相。     

汤原断陷始新统新安村组层序格架内多参数井约束岩性预测

汤原断陷构造岩性复杂,岩性分选是本区储层预测的关键。采用测井-地震多参数属性提取对密度曲线进行重构,消除井壁垮塌、裂缝等因素的影响。利用层序格架内多参数井约束反演方法,将层序格架研究与储层反演相结合,对汤原断陷新安村组SX1R单元进行岩性预测,预测成果与实际钻井资料吻合较好,符合程度达到87.63%。通过层序地层格架的井约束反演得出高分辨率反演数据体,刻划出目的层砂地比与砂岩的空间分布,揭示岩性展布规律:砂体厚度中心主要分布于控盆断裂一侧的深凹陷带,砂岩主要分布于西部斜坡、东部边缘和中央隆起带。     

Occurrence and distribution of microplastics in marine sediments along the Belgian coast

Plastic debris is known to undergo fragmentation at sea, which leads to the formation of microscopic particles of plastic; the so called ‘microplastics’. Due to their buoyant and persistent properties, these microplastics have the potential to become widely dispersed in the marine environment through hydrodynamic processes and ocean currents. In this study, the occurrence and distribution of microplastics was investigated in Belgian marine sediments from different locations (coastal harbours, beaches and sublittoral areas).Particles were found in large numbers in all samples, showing the wide distribution of microplastics in Belgian coastal waters. The highest concentrations were found in the harbours where total microplastic concentrations of up to 390 particles kg⁻¹ dry sediment were observed, which is 15-50 times higher than reported maximum concentrations of other, similar study areas.The depth profile of sediment cores suggested that microplastic concentrations on the beaches reflect the global plastic production increase.     

1999年海城-岫岩地震序列的精准定位

1999年11月29日,北京时间12点10分39秒(04:10:39 UTC)在我国辽宁海城-岫岩地区发生了一次Ms5.4地震.这次地震是继1975年2月4日海城Ms7.3地震之后该地区发生的震级最大的一次地震.区域性的辽宁数字地震台网记录了这一序列的前震、主震与 余震.本文运用该台网的记录资料,用双差法对海城-岫岩地...     

结构抗震设计时程分析法的分析研究

文章回顾了我国抗震设计规范的演变过程,将时程分析法与底部剪力法和振型分解反应谱法进行了对比,指出了时程分析法在抗震设计计算中的地位与作用,时程分析法是能够考虑地震动三要素、地震环境、结构的非线性和能量损耗及损伤的真正动力分析方法,是比底部剪力法和振型分解反应谱法更精确、更可靠、更合理的方法,不应仅仅作为补充计算的方法,...     

新丰江水库地震序列的分段研究

从新丰江水库地震序列分段、地震序列参数统计、地震序列分段与库水位关系等方面探讨新丰江地区的地震特征.结果表明:①水库地震全序列低b值(≤0.9)时段与大区域地震活动的增强存在一定的相关性,余震活动在一定程度上具有华南地区地震活动“窗口”的作用.②水库地震晚期余震释放阶段55个ML≥3.5级地震分序列研究显示,1975年...     

Towards quantitative evaluation of gas injection using time‐lapse seismic data

Of particular concern in the monitoring of gas injection for the purposes of storage, disposal or improved oil recovery is the exact spatial distribution of the gas volumes in the subsurface. In principle this requirement is addressed by the use of 4D seismic data, although it is recognized that the seismic response still largely provides a qualitative estimate of moved subsurface fluids. Exact quantitative evaluation of fluid distributions and associated saturations remains a challenge to be solved. Here, an attempt has been made to produce mapped quantitative estimates of the gas volume injected into a clastic reservoir. Despite good results using three accurately repeated seismic surveys, time‐delay and amplitude attributes reveal fine‐scale differences though large‐scale agreement in the estimated fluid movement. These differences indicate disparities in the nature of the two attributes themselves, which can be explained by several possible causes. Of most impact are the effects of processing and migration, wave interference effects and noise from non‐repeatability of the seismic surveys. This subject highlights the need for a more careful consideration in 4D acquisition, amplitude processing and use of true amplitude preserving attributes in quantitative interpretation.