基于站点的中国天山山区积雪要素变化研究

选取196l-2006年天山山区海拔高于1000 m的17个气象站的月积雪日数、月最大积雪深度资料,分析天山山区季节性积雪年际变化趋势,探讨17个站点在最大雪深出现月份和海拔之间的相关性以及积雪日数和月最大雪深变化趋势的类型,以及积雪变化的气候归因.结果表明:①按最大雪深出现的月份,天山山区积雪类型可分成4种,分别是1...     

东天山觉罗塔格带黄山地区角闪辉长岩岩体的年代学、地球化学特征及岩石成因

为了确定东天山觉罗塔格带黄山地区单一的角闪辉长岩岩体的形成时代、源区性质及其构造属性,本文对东天山觉罗塔格带黄山地区早二叠世角闪辉长岩岩体进行了系统的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年与地球化学分析。结果表明：2个岩体中的锆石在CL图像上主要呈条痕状吸收,Th/U值较高（0.23~0.58）,指示其岩浆成因,成岩年龄为早二叠世（281.1~282.3 Ma）。这些岩体均由单一的角闪辉长岩构成,w（SiO₂）为46.45%~52.76%,w（MgO）为5.15%~8.42%,w（Al₂O₃）为14.52%~16.84%,Mg^#主要为0.55~0.63;稀土元素配分模式呈右倾型,LREE/HREE=3.36~5.11,（La/Yb）_N=2.64~4.41,δEu值多为1.06~1.98;在微量元素蛛网图上,Rb、Ba、K、Sr等大离子亲石元素相对富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta及Zr、P、Hf相对亏损;ε_Nd（t）=10.66~12.54（t=282 Ma）,平均为11.60。综上所述,东天山觉罗塔格带黄山地区早二叠世角闪辉长岩的岩浆源区主要为受俯冲流体交代的亏损地幔楔。结合同时代火成岩的组合特征、沉积作用以及区域构造演化历史,认为东天山觉罗塔格带黄山地区早二叠世角闪辉长岩体形成于吐哈地块与中天山地块碰撞后的伸展背景。     

塔里木盆地与天山山脉晚新生代盆山耦合机制

根据塔里木盆地北缘地质构造几何学和运动学资料、油气勘探地震剖面、人工地震测深、地震层析成像以及地热资料,提出了塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地岩石圈地幔在天山岩石圈之下碰撞并发生拆沉的盆山耦合机制的概念模型。由于印藏碰撞,青藏高原的北部前缘岩石圈地幔与塔里木盆地岩石圈地幔形成V字形碰撞结构,推动塔里木地块的高强度岩石圈向北运动并俯冲到天山岩石圈之下,以水平俯冲作用在中天山北缘岩石圈之下与准噶尔盆地向南俯冲的岩石圈地幔碰撞,并发生后剥拆离。塔里木岩石圈俯冲的过程中,形成库车再生前陆盆地和再生前陆冲断带以及再生天山山脉。冲断量约为塔里木俯冲量的20％。这一盆山耦合模型可以解释盆地构造、盆地沉降、山脉隆升、岩石圈深部构造和热特征。     

天山山区近40年秋季气候变化特征与南、北疆比较

利用新疆1959~1998年的秋季温度降水资料,分析天山山区近40年来秋季气候变化的基本特征,所得结果如下: (1) 天山山区秋季温度在冷暖变化阶段上与北疆的相似性强于南疆,但其秋季降水在干湿变化阶段上与南、北疆不同。 (2) 秋季温度空间分布的同步变化性以北疆为最好,南疆最差,天山山区居中。秋季降水空间分布的同步变化性以南疆最好,天山山区最差,北疆居中。 (3) 20世纪60~90年代,天山山区表现为波动升温,而南疆和北疆表现为持续增温,均以90年代温度最高,80年代是三大区域秋季降水最多的年代。60,70及90年代,三大区域的秋季降水均低于30年均值。     

东天山西滩浅成低温热液型金矿成矿地质地球化学动力学

西滩金矿床位于塔里木板块北缘晚古生代火山岛弧带,属典型的浅成低温热液石英脉型金矿。矿床控矿构造为破火山口放射状和环状断裂系统。成矿流体主要由大气降水热液组成,其运动状态表现为沿较宽大断裂裂隙快速（上涌）流动。沸腾作用是主要的一种动力成矿机制,成矿方式以充填作用为主。成矿反应系统包含成矿反应、控制反应及缓冲控制反应３类,动力学条件对成矿起主导作用     

西天山南麓两次暴雪过程对比分析

利用常规气象观测、FY-4A卫星及ERA5再分析数据,对比分析2021年2月25—27日（过程I）和4月1—4日（过程II）西天山南麓阿克苏地区拜城县2次暴雪过程成因。结果表明有差异也有共性,共性为均在中亚低值系统影响下发生,300 hPa偏西急流、500 hPa低涡（低槽）、850 hPa偏东急流、地面冷高压冷锋及暴雪区上空垂直环流的发展是形成暴雪的主要动力机制;均有偏西和西南路径的水汽输送,水汽强辐合出现在700 hPa;降雪期间TBB极值、＜-30 ℃的维持时间及＞-5 ℃对降雪量级、持续时间及降水相态预报有很好的指示意义。不同点主要表现在：（1）过程I为中亚低槽快速东移型,偏东急流仅在850 hPa,急流强度较弱且位置偏南,过程II为中亚低涡缓慢东移型,700 hPa、850 hPa有明显偏东急流且持续时间长,位置西伸至西天山南麓阿克苏地区;（2）与过程I相比,过程II上升运动中心更接近暴雪中心,且强度强、伸展高、持续时间长,冷暖交汇更剧烈,暖平流导致降水相态发生变化,偏东水汽输送明显且辐合强度更强、辐合持续时间更长。     

Geology and ore genesis of the late Paleozoic Heijianshan Fe oxide–Cu (–Au) deposit in the Eastern Tianshan,NW China

The Heijianshan Fe–Cu (–Au) deposit, located in the Aqishan-Yamansu belt of the Eastern Tianshan (NW China), is hosted in the mafic–intermediate volcanic and mafic–felsic volcaniclastic rocks of the Upper Carboniferous Matoutan Formation. Based on the pervasive alteration, mineral assemblages and crosscutting relationships of veins, six magmatic–hydrothermal stages have been established, including epidote alteration (Stage I), magnetite mineralization (Stage II), pyrite alteration (Stage III), Cu (–Au) mineralization (Stage IV), late veins (Stage V) and supergene alteration (Stage VI). The Stage I epidote–calcite–tourmaline–sericite alteration assemblage indicates a pre-mineralization Ca–Mg alteration event. Stage II Fe and Stage IV Cu (–Au) mineralization stages at Heijianshan can be clearly distinguished from alteration, mineral assemblages, and nature and sources of ore-forming fluids.Homogenization temperatures of primary fluid inclusions in quartz and calcite from Stage I (189–370 °C), II (301–536 °C), III (119–262 °C) and V (46–198 °C) suggest that fluid incursion and mixing probably occurred during Stage I to II and Stage V, respectively. The Stage II magmatic–hydrothermal-derived Fe mineralization fluids were characterized by high temperature (>300 °C), medium–high salinity (21.2–56.0 wt% NaCl equiv.) and being Na–Ca–Mg–Fe-dominated. These fluids were overprinted by the external low temperature (<300 °C), medium–high salinity (19.0–34.7 wt% NaCl equiv.) and Ca–Mg-dominated basinal brines that were responsible for the subsequent pyrite alteration and Cu (–Au) mineralization, as supported by quartz CL images and H–O isotopes. Furthermore, in-situ sulfur isotopes also indicate that the sulfur sources vary in different stages, viz., Stage II (magmatic–hydrothermal), III (basinal brine-related) and IV (magmatic–hydrothermal). Stage II disseminated pyrite has δ³⁴S_fluid values of 1.7–4.3‰, comparable with sulfur from magmatic reservoirs. δ³⁴S_fluid values (24.3–29.3‰) of Stage III Type A pyrite (coexists with hematite) probably indicate external basinal brine involvement, consistent with the analytical results of fluid inclusions. With the basinal brines further interacting with volcanic/volcaniclastic rocks of the Carboniferous Matoutan Formation, Stage III Type B pyrite–chalcopyrite–pyrrhotite assemblage (with low δ³⁴S_fluid values of 4.6–10.0‰) may have formed at low fO₂ and temperature (119–262 °C). The continuous basinal brine–volcanic/volcaniclastic rock interactions during the basin inversion (∼325–300 Ma) may have leached sulfur and copper from the rocks, yielding magmatic-like δ³⁴S_fluid values (1.5–4.1‰). Such fluids may have altered pyrite and precipitated chalcopyrite with minor Au in Stage IV. Eventually, the Stage V low temperature (∼160 °C) and low salinity meteoric water may have percolated into the ore-forming fluid system and formed late-hydrothermal veins.The similar alteration and mineralization paragenetic sequences, ore-forming fluid sources and evolution, and tectonic settings of the Heijianshan deposit to the Mesozoic Central Andean IOCG deposits indicate that the former is probably the first identified Paleozoic IOCG-like deposit in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.     

凝结水形成的试验研究及生态环境效应分析

依据试验场气温、地温和微渗观测资料,分析研究了天山北麓平原凝结水的水汽来源,最大吸湿凝结量的形成深度,冻结期水汽凝结的特点及影响凝结水形成的因素。最后,讨论了水汽凝结的生态环境效应。     

THE ORIGIN AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GLACIAL DEBRIS FLOW IN THE DUKU HIGHWAY OF TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS，

ＴＨＥＯＲＩＧＩＮＡＮＤＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＯＦＴＨＥＧＬＡＣＩＡＬＤＥＢＲＩＳＦＬＯＷＩＮＴＨＥＤＵＫＵＨＩＧＨＷＡＹＯＦＴＩＡＮＳＨＡＮＭＯＵＮＴＡＩＮＳ，ＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＸｉｏｎｇＨｅｉｇａｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＧｅｏｇｒａｐｈｙ...     

西秦岭显生宙构造演化与成矿旋回

西秦岭显生宙大地构造演化经历了早古生代裂谷系→晚古生代早期扩张、稳定沉积和成矿→晚古生代晚期会聚收缩→中生代闭合造山四个重要发展阶段。西秦岭铅锌矿成矿作用包括加里东准备期旋回、海西早期成矿期旋回、海西晚期富集期旋回和印支期改造迭加期旋回。成矿金属元素来源于地壳深处或上地幔的热液对流房，经断裂构造作用而喷流，在适宜的物理化学环境下，形成喷流－沉积矿床。