Geochemical Features of the Two Early Paleozoic Ophiolitic Zones and Volcanic Rocks in the Central —Southern Tianshan Region ,Xinjiang

This paper deals with the geochemical features of the two Early Paleozoic ophiolite zones in the central-southem Tianshan region and the central Tianshan igneous rock belt between them.Study results suggest that the central Tianshan belt was an Ordovician volcanic arc with an affinity of continental crust, and the Kumux-Hongluhe ophiolitic zone that is located on the southern margin of central Tianshan has a crustal affinity to back-arc marginal sea.The Aqqikkudug-Weiya ophiolitic zone is an accretionary boundary between the Tuha continental block and the central Tianshan volcanic arc during Late Silurian to Devoniann;Ordovician ophi-olitic blocks,Silurian flysch sequence and HP metamorphic rock relics are distributed along the Aqqikkudug-Weiya zone.Geochemically,ophiolitic rocks in the Aqqikkudug-Weiya zone have an affinity to oceanic crust,reflecting a tectonic setting of paleo-trench or subduction zone .The Early Carboniferous red molasses were deposited unconformably on the pre-Carboniferous meta-mrophosed and ductile sheared volcanic and flysch rocks,providing an upper limit age of the central and southern Tianshan belts.     

天山北麓活动构造基本特征

在近ＳＮ向强烈挤压下,天山北麓发育了两个不同类型的大型逆冲推覆构造,一是乌鲁木齐以西具有典型断裂扩展褶皱特征的依连哈比尔尕山山前推覆构造,二是乌鲁木齐以东博格达山前弧形推覆构造;同时水平剪切作用成了大型斜切天山的右旋走滑断裂。ＮＷ－ＮＮＷ向的博罗科努一阿齐克库都克断裂切割天山,右旋走滑特征非常清楚。天山北麓的应变分配特征在内陆造山带中具有典型性。     

西天山阿吾拉勒地区下二叠统乌郎组火山岩地球化学特征及构造环境

西天山阿吾拉勒地区下二叠统乌郎组火山岩为一套陆相火山岩,主要由基性火山岩和酸性火山岩组成,中性火山熔岩较少,表现出双峰式火山岩特征.研究表明,下二叠统乌郎组经碰撞后松弛拉张,伊犁地块拉伸出现陆内火山裂谷环境,该组地层广泛夹持火山岩及火山碎屑岩,表明早中二叠世地壳活动频繁,局部地段地壳拉伸,产生同沉积断层,该断陷盆地经历发生、发展和消亡全过程.     

西南天山前寒武纪基底时代和特征：锆石U—Pb年龄和Nd—Sr同位素组成

采用锆石U-Pb定年方法,精确测定了西南天山木扎尔特群花岗片麻岩的结晶锆石年龄为（707±13）Ma(MSWD=0.33)。元素地球化学特征和低的ε     

西秦岭金龙山卡林型金矿床地质-地球化学及矿床成因研究

金龙山金矿床位于南秦岭造山带的复理石褶冲带中,赋矿围岩为碎屑岩-碳酸盐建造,矿化明显受地层岩性与韧-脆性构造发育程度的控制。矿床稀土元素地球化学研究表明,地层岩石、矿石和热液矿物的轻重稀土分异程度和特征参数基本一致,表明成矿流体应主要来自于赋矿地层。铅同位素研究表明,地层岩石、矿石和热液矿物均具有较高的放射性成因的铅同位素组成,且均落入南秦岭造山带的泥盆系范围内,暗示铅也主要来自赋矿地层。对前人已有的碳-氧-硫-氢同位素组成和流体包裹体数据综合分析表明,碳和氧应主要来自海相碳酸盐的溶解作用,硫主要来自海相硫酸盐的热化学还原反应;从成矿早阶段到晚阶段,成矿流体的δ18O及δD值向大气降水线＂漂移＂,指示成矿流体以盆地建造水和变质水为主,在晚阶段有大气降水加入。金龙山金矿床与卡林型金矿床的矿床地质-地球化学特征相似,应属于卡林型金矿床,其形成于秦岭造山带陆内造山作用过程中,多层次陆壳叠置加厚的地球动力学背景,是陆内碰撞造山作用的产物。     

西天山昭苏北部大哈拉军山组火山岩中辉长岩体的形成时代、地球化学特征及地质意义

西天山昭苏北部侵入于大哈拉军山组火山岩层上部的辉长岩体具有富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Sr、Ba)、亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta)、轻重稀土分馏等地球化学特征,与火山岩围岩具有相似的不相容元素和Sr-Nd同位素特征,其母岩浆可能由俯冲流体交代的富集岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成,晚石炭世之前南天山洋盆向伊犁-中天山板块之下的俯冲可能导致了岩石圈的富集作用。利用不相容元素进行地球化学模拟计算,结果表明辉长岩成分由50%~80%的堆晶矿物(单斜辉石、斜长石)与50%~20%的玄武质熔浆组成。辉长岩体的Cameca锆石U-Pb年龄为311.3±2.3Ma,与伊犁-中天山板块晚石炭世伊什基里克组火山岩的时代大致相当,略晚于西天山榴辉岩的峰期变质时间。辉长岩的时代进一步限定该地区大哈拉军山组火山活动应在早石炭世晚期结束,下石炭统阿克沙克组沉积岩应形成于320~311Ma之间。与辉长岩同时期的岩浆岩在伊犁-中天山板块广泛分布,形成于俯冲结束之后挤压环境向拉张环境过度的构造环境。     

东天山印支早期尾亚石英正长岩：成岩作用及成岩意义

前人对东天古生代的构造-热事件作了大量研究,得出了许多方面的重要认识,然对东天山印支期的构造演化目前仍不清楚。本文以印支早期的尾亚石英正长岩为例,通过其岩相学及地球化学特征研究,来探讨该岩体的成岩机制及成岩意义。尾亚石英正长岩主要组成矿物为石英(5%～10%)、斜长石(15%～20%,An16～18)和钾长石(60%～65%),含少量铁质黑云母(5%)和钙质角闪石(≈5%),不舍橄榄石和辉石。该岩石SiO_2含量为62．67%～66．22%,Na_2O+K_2O(10．25%～11．00%)和TiO_2(0．45%～0．70%)含量以及K_2O/Na_2O(0．85～1．60)、FeO~T/Mgo(5．7～15．86)和CaO/Na_2O(0．37～0．68)比值高,而Mgo(0．34%～0．43%)含量以及Al_2O_3/TiO_2(23．77～38．27)比值低,偏铝(ASI 0．89～0．98),富集Rb、Ba和Pb等大离子亲石元素(LILE)和U、Th、Zr和Hf等高场强元素(HFSE),亏损Sr等大离子亲石元素及Nb和Ti等高场强元素。ΣLREE,ΣHREE和ΣREE分别为76．00×10~(-6)～139．54×10~(-6),13．54×10~(-6)～22．67×10~(-6)和96．57×10~(-6)～153．08×10~(-6), (La/sm)_N,(Gd/Yb)_N,(La/Yb)_N分别为1．86～4．78,0．73～1．64和2．10～9．64,δEu为0．94～2．83,具有稀土总量较低、轻稀土比重稀土分馏大、轻、重稀土分馏不明显以及正Eu异常(0．94～2．83)的特征。岩相学及地球化学特征研究表明,尾亚石英正长岩不是幔源岩浆分异的产物,而是直接来自于壳源。通过对比分析其它正长岩地球化学特征并结合前人实验岩石学研究,得出了尾亚石英正长岩是在950℃～1100℃、15～20 kbar条件下,由陆内长英质麻粒岩在加厚陆壳底部发生增温和减压熔融的产物的认识。这样的成岩条件可能与特提斯洋于海西晚期—印支早期向北俯冲所引发的天山地区强烈的陆内A-型俯冲及随后的伸展作用有关。本文结果表明,东天山地区在二叠纪晚期到三叠纪早期可能发生了从受古亚洲洋俯冲-碰撞体系影响为主转变为受古特提斯洋构造域影响为主的重大事件。     

东天山觉罗塔格地区夹白山一带晚古生代构造格局及演化

研究区早石炭世经历了中天山古陆北缘被动陆缘向活动陆缘沟弧盆体系演化的全过程。阿齐山-雅满苏岛弧带于维宪期发育在广宽陆棚海之上。岛弧为大型背形结构,雅满苏断裂带为火山喷发的主要通道,弧前盆地生成于弧沟间隙部位。晚石炭世早期,弧后区发生扩张作用而塌陷形成向形的边缘盆地。晚石炭世末,北侧康古尔洋区以弧弧对接方式关闭,弧区伴有深成花岗岩浆侵位。早二叠世早期进入松弛阶段,在弧间及弧后南缘产生上叠断陷盆地。晚二叠世右旋走滑变动席卷全区,最后大型造山带与地块之间发生块体右旋滑移错位,由此奠定了现今的盆山构造格局初貌。     

The Habutengsu metapelites and metagreywackes in western Tianshan,China: metamorphic evolution and tectonic implications

The HP‐UHP metamorphic belt of western Tianshan in northwestern China is a rarely preserved oceanic UHP terrane which consists predominantly of meta‐siliciclastic rocks, occasionally accompanied by lens‐shaped metabasites. The metapelites and metagreywackes from the Habutengsu Valley and adjacent area within this belt contain quartz, albite, garnet, white mica, chlorite and rutile/titanite, with or without minor amounts of barroisite, glaucophane, clinozoisite, allanite, graphite, carbonate and tourmaline. Included in coarse‐grained garnet, pseudomorphs of clinozoisite + paragonite after lawsonite are common, seldom also together with inclusions of chloritoid, jadeite and glaucophane. In the northern Habutengsu area, garnet is compositionally characterized by similar cores with consistently low‐Ca content. Similar garnet armouring coesite has been reported in UHP schists from the same area. Deduced P–T conditions during formation of these Ca‐poor garnet cores are 25–31 kbar and 430–510 °C, which are consistent with the computed stability of the observed assemblage Grt + Gln + Lws ± Jd ± Cld in the coesite stability field. Thus, the occurrences of the UHP metapelites and metagreywackes define an internally coherent UHP unit in the north of the Habutengsu area, the spatial extension of which is much larger than previously known. Compared with the northern ones, the southern metapelites and metagreywackes in the Habutengsu area consist of similar minerals and have similar bulk rock compositions but significantly different garnet chemistry, indicating an abrupt variation in P–T conditions during garnet growth. The derived conditions initiating the garnet growth for the southern rocks in a similar range (18–21 kbar and 450–500 °C) and thus constrain a coherent HP unit in the south of the Habutengsu area. The juxtaposition of two exhumed slices of contrasting metamorphic grades probably indicates the change of subduction dynamics of the palaeo‐Tianshan oceanic crust, the subduction polarity (from south to north) of which accounts for the spatial relationship between these two units.     

基于站点的中国天山山区积雪要素变化研究

选取196l-2006年天山山区海拔高于1000 m的17个气象站的月积雪日数、月最大积雪深度资料,分析天山山区季节性积雪年际变化趋势,探讨17个站点在最大雪深出现月份和海拔之间的相关性以及积雪日数和月最大雪深变化趋势的类型,以及积雪变化的气候归因.结果表明:①按最大雪深出现的月份,天山山区积雪类型可分成4种,分别是1...