广西南丹大厂矿区地震活动特征分析

本文收集了2009年12月至2010年4月广西南丹大厂矿区地震监测台网记录到的421次M_L≥0.5可定位地震事件(含爆破)时空分布情况, 从实际调查和波形特征分析排除爆破记录后, 研究震级较大的几次矿震震源机制解, 按小时段统计爆破频次与能量释放关系。 结果表明, 矿震断裂走向与区域构造较为一致。 矿山地下开采量增加以及之前出现的近半年历史上罕见的干旱气象因素, 在震级较大的人工爆破触发下, 影响了局部构造应力场的稳定性, 由此引发了一系列矿震。     

Cardboard monuments: City, language and 'nation' in contemporary Telugu cinema

This paper looks at how the city of Hyderabad, the capital of the south Indian state of Andhra Pradesh and production centre of the Telugu film industry, has been represented in recent popular cinema. It outlines the history of a new mode of representing the city in Telugu cinema and argues that its significance lies in the tendency to delocalize the city. Criminalization of the city's older inhabitants, who are marked by either religion (Islam) or their 'non-standard' dialect of Telugu, often accompanies this move. In the process, any claims that they might have on the city are delegitimized. Okkadu, a major commercial hit, restaged the country versus city dichotomy and the antagonisms complicated by cultural and political tensions between the three constituent regions of Andhra Pradesh. This film follows the late 1990s trend in the film industry to recreate entire cityscapes within the studio, ensuring that location shooting in busy city streets and neighbourhoods merely returns us to the grandeur of lavish and 'realistic' studio sets. It reconstructs Hyderabad's most recognizable monument, the 400-year-old Charminar, in addition to its obviously imaginary residential neighbourhood. This paper looks at how and why the city of Hyderabad, especially its older parts, for which Charminar is a metonym, is rendered into a fantasy space in the film.     

Land-cover and land-use change in a Mediterranean landscape: A spatial analysis of driving forces integrating biophysical and human factors

This article develops a spatial analysis applied to examine the main driving forces of land-cover and land-use (LCLU) change in a Mediterranean region. Three different tools have been used in order to differentiate LCLU changes, driving forces and landscape dynamics. LCLU changes have been quantified with remote sensing techniques, driving forces have been analysed with multiple logistic regressions combining biophysical and human variables, whereas landscape dynamics have been quantified using different metrics. Results show the intensification of subsidised herbaceous crops on the coastal agricultural plain, the abandonment of olive trees and vineyards in the transitional area and forest restoration in the mountainous subregion.     

Development of gullies and sediment production in the black soil region of northeastern China

Gully erosion is an important environmental hazard in the black soil region of northeastern China. It is a primary sediment source in the region which needs appropriate soil conservation practices. Gully incision in rolling hills typical of this region was monitored using real-time kinematic GPS to assess the rates of gully development and the resultant sediment production. From 2002 to 2005, gully heads in the study area retreated between 15.4 and 33.5 m, giving an average retreat rate of 8.4 m yr^− 1. Field measurements showed that total sediment production due to gully erosion during the three years ranged between 257 and 1854 m³ yr^− 1, which is equivalent to 326 to 2355 t yr^− 1, with gully-head retreat accounting for 0 to 21.7% (4.4% in average). The sediment delivery ratio was especially high during the summer rainy season (56% in average). Sediment production by ephemeral gullies and permanent gullies was 1.5 times greater than that from surface erosion. Gully heads retreated faster in the spring freeze–thaw period than in the summer. The stage of gully development could be identified based on short-term changes in the gully erosion rate.     

极端干旱区不同下垫面土壤凝结水试验研究

为了探讨极端干旱区植被生长季的土壤凝结水特征, 采用微渗计和中子仪, 于2010 年6-7 月对塔里木河下游地区胡杨林、柽柳丛和裸地3 种典型下垫面密封和不密封处理的土壤凝结水的变化特征、形成时间及其影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:微渗计和中子仪观测结果均显示观测期间裸地产生的土壤凝结水总量最大, 其次为柽柳丛, 而胡杨林形成的土壤凝结水总量最小。观测期间研究区凝结现象从21:00-22:00 左右开始, 02:00-03:00 左右达到第一个峰值前, 随着近地表气温和地温的降低, 土壤凝结水量呈增加的趋势。不密封处理产生的土壤凝结水量显著大于密封处理的(t<0.01)。柽柳丛土壤日均凝结水量最大, 其次为裸地, 胡杨林最小。方差分析显示, 不同下垫面类型土壤的日均凝结水量之间存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。3 种下垫面土壤凝结水量的变化趋势基本一致, 均呈双峰曲线。凝结过程一般从22:00 左右持续到次日09:00 左右。土壤凝结水量主要受气温、大气相对湿度、表层地温、风速以及下垫面等因素的影响。研究结果可以为生态退化区的植被恢复提供一定的理论依据。     

天津市热储规划分区和地热井审批系统研发

为解决天津市地热工作中大量地热地质专业数据处理工作周期长与管理决策快速、科学要求相矛盾的问题,满足地热开发利用科学规划发展的要求,为资源的可持续开发利用提供操作简单、智能的工具和手段;在过去天津地热工作的基础上,提出了"两线一面"三维动态分区方法,利用MapGIS SDK及Visual Basic开发了地热工程热储规划分区及地热井审批查询系统。该系统的开发为规划的制定和落实提供了快速、全面、直观的规划分区,并且具有动态跟踪功能。在规划期间内,每年根据热储动态观测数据,利用该系统制作一套年度规划分区图,供管理部门掌握规划情况和动态审批。     

川滇M≥6.7强震的二维坐标系与时间预测研究

20世纪以来,川滇地区M≥6.7强震时间间隔具有良好的规律性,其地震发生的年份可组成一个二维时间坐标系,并据此建立川滇地区的强震时间预测模型。预测分析表明：未来16年,川滇地区可能存在发生4次6.7级以上地震发生的风险,2012-2021及2025-2029年均有M≥6.7强震信号,且未来强震可能发生在2014-2015、2019与2027年前后。     

天津地区覆盖层土动力学参数统计分析

收集天津地区近年来有代表性的具有完整土动力学参数作为实验数据的地震安全性评价报告66份,用两种统计方法按不同深度统计分析粉质黏土、黏土、粉土、砂土、淤泥质土等的实测土动力学参数,给出动剪切模量比和阻尼比平均值。选取2个典型工程场地,构建土层分析模型,进行土层地震反应分析计算。结果表明,本文得到的统计2值在天津地区具有一定的代表性和适用性,与实测值结果更为接近。对于获得原状土样困难的场地,特别是对于较薄的夹层土,可参照统计2结果进行分析计算。     

基于国产SWDC航摄仪的稀少控制航测应用

稀少控制航测可以大大减少外业测绘的工作量,随着GPS辅助航测技术的发展,使稀少控制测绘成为可能。本文以国产SWDC航摄仪为研究基础,阐述了GPS辅助数码空中三角测量的原理、技术流程及具体测区稀少控制的典型航测试验。结果表明,SWDC航摄仪的航测精度满足1∶1万地形测绘需求,验证了国产SWDC实施稀少控制航测的应用可行性。