Seismic coda due to non-linear elasticity

Non-linear elastic response of rocks has been widely observed in laboratory, but very few seismic studies are reported in the literature, even though it is the most natural environment where this feature could be observed. Analytic solutions to the non-linear wave propagation phenomena are not readily available, and there is a need to use approximated techniques. It is clear that when a seismic wave propagates through a homogeneous non-linear elastic media, it will be perturbed by the non-linearity. This perturbation can be treated as a source of scattering, spreading the energy of the primary wave in space and time, contributing to the seismic coda. This is in some sense similar to the effect of heterogeneities. The properties of the coda due to the non-linearity depend on the amount of non-linearity and the seismic moment. Using a perturbation approach we calculate the amplitude of the scattered waves, and show that it can describe reasonably well the main features of real seismic codas.     

Cross-dependence of finite-frequency compressional waveforms to shear seismic wave speeds

Seismic tomography has been one of the primary tools to image the interior of the earth and other elastic structures. To date the inversions of compressional ( P ) and shear ( S ) wave speeds have been carried out separately under the assumption that P traveltimes are affected only by the P wave speed of the elastic media and S traveltimes by the S wave speed. Using numerical and analytical solutions, we show that for finite-frequency seismic waves, S wave speed perturbations may have significant effects on P waveforms. This suggests that when waveform-derived traveltime and amplitude anomalies are used in tomographic inversions, the P -wave measurements should be related to not only P wave speed perturbations but also S wave speed perturbations.     

传统矿产资源储量估算软件实现中的夹石及采空区快速扣除方法

合理扣除矿体块段空间范围内的夹石、小块段、采空区是获取真实资源储量的前提.根据我国传统矿产资源储量估算方法的特点,提出了一种新的基于空间关系的计算机辅助夹石、小块段、采空区快速扣除的方法;并根据该方法实现了QuantyMine矿产资源勘查与开发软件中的垂直剖面法矿产资源储量估算子系统.经实际矿山应用对比,该系统可有效地解决围岩夹石、小块段、采空区扣除等复杂问题,为用户提供一个基于传统方法的矿产资源储量动态估算与管理平台.     

Improvement and Application of Riedel Shear Systerm

For some strain in the strike slip zone is difficult to be determined accurately in the classification scheme of the 7 elements of the ellipse of the strike slip strain ellipse (PDZ, R, R', P, T, Y and local contraction), the properties of the strain elements in all directions in the strained ellipse were reunderstood by analyzing the causal relationship between the mechanical state and the strain properties in a certain direction. A new model of the Riedel shear system was proposed, which contained 4 pure strain zones (pure right walk slip, pure left walking slip, pure extrusion, pure Stretch Strain Zone) and 4 complex strain zones (both stretching and right walking, both stretching and left walking, both extrusion and left walking, both extrusion and right walking slip strain zone). The closer the crack was to the direction of a single strain band, the stronger the corresponding property. The model included all the elements of the traditional model and made up for its vacancy. It proved the rationality of the left (right) row left (right) order and the double tectonic belt rule. At the same time, three research examples of Bohai Sea were cited to illustrate the application of the model: (1) The synchronous and perpendicular spatial-temporal relationship between compressive and extensional stress fields in strike-slip zones, as well as the unified but not contradictory dialectical relationship between them, were illustrated through the example of the co-controlled cycle formation of northeastern depression in Laizhou Bay Depression; (2) The Bohai Sea walk was enumerated. The research results of the slip transition zone illustrated the strain trend law of the extensional or compressive transition zone in the strike-slip zone; (3) The relationship between the strike of the effective fracture and the extensional strain zone in the present strike-slip stress field was illustrated by giving an example of the effective fracture research results of a buried hill structure in the Bohai Sea.     

雅砻江流域下游梯级水库地震台网监测能力验证

雅砻江流域是中国第三大水电基地,位于强震区,水库地震监测工作十分重要。基于近震震级公式和古登堡-里克特震级频度关系式,分别求取雅砻江下游梯级电站水库诱发地震监测台网的理论监测能力和根据实际记录地震进行监测能力验证。结果表明:在重点监视区理论监测能力达到了ML0.5级的要求,实际观测验证表明,重点监视区其实际最小完整性震级为ML0.5级,达到了雅砻江流域下游梯级水库诱发地震监测台网设计目标。     

MF地磁场模型中磁尾感应电场研究与磁尾离子加速

为研究磁尾感应电场对上行离子的加速,对磁层亚暴期间尾向地磁场在向偶极位形弛豫过程中产生的感应电场进行了理论研究。结果表明：在偶极化过程中磁场的ＢＸ分量下降,ＢＺ分量上升,并产生随时间变化的单峰结构的感应电场,其峰值可超过２０ｍｖ／ｍ;当子午面内地心距离由６Ｒ,变化到１６ＲＥ时,感应电场峰值呈逐渐增大趋势;随着ｚ坐标的增大（远离赤道面）或Ｙ坐标的增大（远离子午面）,感应电场峰值呈逐渐减小趋势;感应电场峰值随磁场向偶极形弛豫周期的减小而增大．理论计算得到的感应电场随时间变化曲线及峰值与观测结果符合较好,本文还对上行离子在感应磁场中的加速进行了估算．     

川中地区油气藏综合化探异常模式研究

总结了川中地区的油气藏综合化探异常模式类型及与油气藏类型的对应关系,并运用水平分异理论推演了随油气藏储量在不同历史附段其油气化探综合导演模式所发生的相应变化。油气藏综合化探异常模式对油气藏类型及物性具有良好的良好指示作用,可根据油气藏的综合化探异常模式进行地质反演,从而对所在地区的油气远景进行预测。     

基于灰色理论的滑坡变形反演与预测研究

以紫阳县城滑坡为例,采用灰色理论的单序列一阶线性动态模型,在探讨滑坡变形规律的基础上,着重研究了滑坡变形的趋势预测及主要特征点变形的位移反演,为全面研究滑坡各阶段的变形规律提出了一种分析方法     

理论地理学的几个问题与体系

本文简述了地理学界对理论地理的不同认识及作者本人认为由三个理论地理学分支构成的理论地理学体系。