山东惠民凹陷伸展构造及调节带特征

综合应用地震、钻井等资料 ,对山东惠民凹陷的伸展构造及调节带特征进行了系统的分析。认为惠民凹陷的总体构造特征是正断层发育 ,构造类型以伸展断块构造 (半地堑和半地垒 )为主。凹陷内一级正断层主要控制着凹陷的沉积和构造特征 ,二级断层控制着构造带(凹陷内的半地垒 )的形成 ,三级及四级断层控制着局部构造的形成或对局部构造起复杂化作用。惠民凹陷具有分区块断构造特征 ,即呈南北分带、东西分块的构造格局 ,纵向伸展断块之间为调节带所调节。分析认为惠民凹陷内发育 2个一级调节带和 5个二级调节带 ,它们多是油气聚集的有利地区。     

陕南镇旬矿田铅锌矿化特征及成因

镇旬矿田属秦岭泥盆系铅锌一菱铁矿带,矿化在空间上分布于乾佑河南北向古断陷的两侧,产生于泥盆纪.铅锌矿化特征与凤太矿田的诸矿床及西成矿田的毕家山、邓家山等矿床相似.铅同位素组成是均匀的,模式年令略老于含矿地层年令,硫化物的硫同位素组成为海水硫酸盐型.矿体有沉积似层状和交代不规则状两种形态,主要围岩蚀变为硅化和铁白云石化.矿化与生物灰岩有密切空间和成因联系.因而说镇旬矿田与矿带中其余三个矿田的铅锌矿有相同的成因,成矿模式类似于E. D. Large(1981)和M. J. Russell(1983)提出的喷流成矿模式.     

冲绳海槽宫古段中央地堑中的火山分布及地质意义

采用中国科学院海洋研究所“科学1号”调查船及国家海洋局“向阳红9号”调查船,于20世纪90年代以来在冲绳海槽宫古段进行海底地形及反射地震调查,所取得的数据,首次详细展示了冲绳海槽宫古段南北长约200km区域内海底火山的形态及其空间分布特征。在本段冲绳海槽发育的中轴火山和岛弧火山,分别位于中央地堑和海槽盆地东部边缘紧靠琉球岛弧的西侧。岛弧火山连续性强,总体上自东北而西南都有分布;中轴火山不如岛弧火山的连续性强,只在崂山段、黄岛段、胶南段、莱西段、城阳段和李沧段分布。中轴火山是在中央地堑之后发育的。中轴火山的发育不仅改变了原来中央地堑的位置,也改变了原来中央地堑的形态。中央地堑的左旋雁行排列,以及其形态的改变都是由于中轴火山发育的结果。中央地堑的右旋展布以及海底火山对中央地堑的改造,标志着冲绳海槽的演化已经在拉张和沉降的基础上进入到一个更高级的演化阶段(海底扩张),在岩浆供应不太充足的条件下,海底火山活动是冲绳海槽低速扩张的一种形式,海底扩张沿中央地堑正在进行。     

伊通盆地鹿乡断陷始新统双阳组沉积相与沉积演化

经岩芯观察,录井、测井资料分析,结合地震反演及粒度分析等方法,编制出伊通地堑鹿乡断陷星27井区始新统双阳组各段的砂岩等厚和地层厚度等单因素图件。采用单因素分析、多因素综合作图法,系统研究了双阳组的沉积特征及沉积演化规律。研究区双阳组主要发育扇三角洲、水下扇和湖泊沉积体系,并可进一步识别出9种亚相、13种微相。其中,双一段以湖泊沉积体系为主;双二段以扇三角洲沉积体系和水下扇沉积体系为主;双三段以湖泊沉积体系为主,水下扇不发育。双阳组沉积时期,构成了一套完整旋回,双一段和双二段下部为进积过程,双二段上部和双三段为退积过程。     

西藏阿里地区多桑地堑的构造特征及成因机制

笔者以冈底斯构造带内部近南北向发育的多桑地堑带为代表,简述了多桑地堑带构造的组成及基本构造特征。根据该地堑两侧断隆山的发育特征及磷灰石、锆石裂变径迹测年结果,推断地堑的断陷活动时期始于中新世,直至第四纪仍有活动,对上新世-第四纪沉积起明显的控制作用。多桑地堑带的形成可能为前期南北向受力不均而产生共轭x节理,后期南北向挤压的持续进行使地壳隆升,当隆升到达一定程度后造成重力塌陷及下地壳物质的侧向流动产生纵向拉张作用,此时前期形成的共轭x节理追踪并部分贯通,最终形成多桑地堑,而横向上的区域断裂则可能控制地堑各区段拉伸宽窄的变化和沉降的不均匀性。     

海拉尔盆地构造样式分析

海拉尔盆地以箕状断陷为主,且由东向西表现为东断西超、西断东超与东断西超交替出现,至西部以双断为主的变化规律.传递断层带可分为同向传递型、反向传递型及背向传递型3种类型.盆地基底构造格局对应力传递和局部应力场转化的控制作用以及传递带的存在是造成海拉尔盆地构造样式多样性的根本原因.     

Structural architecture and tectonic evolution of the Yelleg inverted half graben,northern Sinai,Egypt

The Gebel Yelleg area includes a number of folds belonging to the northern Sinai Syrian Arc structures. Detailed surface structural mapping and subsurface (seismic and borehole) data show that the Gebel Yelleg structures are related to Late Cretaceous-Early Tertiary inversion of a Jurassic asymmetric (or half) graben formed during the opening of Neotethys. The inversion structures include a large (45-km long) asymmetric fold (Yelleg Anticline) with a steep flank overlying the southeastern (main) bounding fault of the inverted half graben as well as some right-stepped en echelon folds overlying the northwestern bounding fault of the half graben. The large inversion anticline is dissected by a large number of long, nearly orthogonal normal faults whereas the en echelon folds are dissected by transverse normal faults and two sets of oblique-slip faults. Inversion of the northern Sinai extensional basins is related to Africa-Eurasia convergence and was probably transpressional with a small component of dextral slip. This study shows that the magnitude of inversion in the northern Sinai fold belt decreases toward the southern boundary of the Jurassic extensional province.     

银川地堑地壳挤压应力场:深地震反射剖面

银川地堑位于南北地震带北段,地质结构复杂,活动构造发育.为了调查银川地堑的构造特征及断裂分布情况,布设了NW向跨银川地堑的深地震反射剖面,首次获得银川地堑地壳的精细结构.结果表明,银川地堑具有典型的拉张-挤压型沉积盆地特征,上地壳反射连续性好,层位丰富,能量强,断裂发育.下地壳和莫霍面记录了挤压与拉张的发展过程.奠霍面...     

Tectonic and climatic controls on Holocene channel migration,incision and terrace formation by the Rio Grande in the Palomas half graben,southern Rio Grande rift,USA

In order to evaluate potential effects of tectonics and climate change on the behaviour of the axial Rio Grande in the Rio Grande rift, a 16·5 km stretch of modern floodplain and Holocene terraces were mapped in the tectonically active Palomas half graben, south‐central New Mexico, USA. In addition, 51 cores and natural exposures were logged and 20 radiocarbon dates were obtained from charcoal, bulk organic matter, mollusc shells and pedogenic calcite. The Holocene alluvium comprises four terraces above the modern floodplain, each of which formed by a period of river incision followed by stability and renewed floodplain construction to a level below that of the previous terraces. Estimated times of incision between Terraces I and II, II and III, and III and IV are after 12 400, 8040 to 5310, and 760 to 550 yr bp , respectively, whereas the incision between Terrace IV and the modern floodplain occurred within the last 260 years. Although there is some evidence for tectonic control on river behaviour in the southern part of the basin, terrace formation is interpreted as being related to climate change, with periods of incision corresponding to times of increased aridity and low sediment/water discharge ratio in the Rio Grande. This process may have resulted from a reduction in intensity and magnitude of summer storms which supply sediment to the axial river, coupled with an increase in spring discharge peak caused by snowmelt in upstream mountain catchments.     

山西地震带形变应变场及中强地震危险性分析

利用沿山西断裂带布设的 GPS监测网的四期复测资料 (1 996～ 1 999年 ) ,分析了山西断裂带近期水平运动状态及与位于监测区北端 1 999年 1 1月 1日大同 -阳高 5.6级地震的关系 ,在震源区、忻州地区和介休东北地区出现了 3处相对较高的应变区 (1× 1 0 - 6)。山西断裂带主要受来自于 NWW- SEE向压应力场、NNE- SSW向张应力场的控制 ,不存在走滑运动。从长趋势看 ,今后应注意的是上述 3个运动单元的接合部位