MW5型潜水电磁打捞器在桩孔施工中的应用

通过工程实例，介绍了应用潜水电磁铁处理桩孔施工中掉铁件事故的方法及操作要领，它具有实用价值。     

Strong interplanetary field enhancements at Ulysses—evidence of dust trails' interaction with the solar wind?

Interplanetary field enhancements were first discovered in the vicinity of Venus. These events are characterised by an increase in the magnitude of the heliospheric magnetic field with a near-symmetrical, sometimes thorn-shaped profile, and last from minutes to hours. Surveys of the events near Venus and Earth indicated clustering of the events in inertial space, which suggested that their sources were Solar System objects other than the Sun. A survey is presented of strong events of this type detected by the Ulysses spacecraft from 1990 to late 2001. Most of the events are accompanied by a discontinuity in the field direction near the events' centres. Other discontinuities are often symmetrical about the enhancement. The majority of events last less than two hours. When examined as a whole, the events tend to be accompanied by subtle changes in some plasma parameters. The majority of the enhancements are accompanied by magnetic holes on their fringes. The enhancements' occurrence rate increases with decreasing heliocentric distance. Possible formation mechanisms are discussed. No link was found with solar, or solar wind sources. Several aspects of the survey results are consistent with an origin related to cometary dust trails. Possible processes associated with a dust-solar wind interaction are discussed.     

渗透作用下多孔介质中循环浓度污染物的迁移过程研究

根据饱和多孔介质中考虑释放效应的一维渗透作用的可溶性污染物的迁移控制方程,通过Laplace变换和Fourier变换及其逆变换求得相应的通解形式。根据半无限体表面可溶性污染物点源注入情形下的基本解,通过积分方法得到半无限体表面圆形区域上作用循环浓度污染物后,在多孔介质内部污染物迁移过程的求解方法。作为一个典型算例,对渗透作用下循环浓度污染源引起的多孔介质中的迁移过程进行分析。算例表明,当污染源浓度为周期变化时,多孔介质内部污染物的浓度随时间增长由不稳定的周期变化过程逐渐过渡到稳定的循环过程,而某一深度处污染物浓度的相位则相应滞后。此时,稳定后的污染物浓度周期与污染源浓度周期相同。实际上,随多孔介质表面污染源浓度的周期变化,在靠近多孔介质表面一定深度范围内的污染物浓度在深度方向也呈增大或减小的交替变化过程。另一方面,在污染源循环变化过程中污染物不断向深处推进,而最终其影响范围限定在某一深度内。     

中短期数字化天气预报技术现状及趋势

建立无缝隙集约化的天气预报业务体系,需要进一步加强中短期天气预报业务技术的发展。通过对现状回顾,指出经过2011—2015年的气象现代化建设,在我国国家级和部分省级业务单位已初步建立了数字化中短期业务预报技术流程,其包括数值模式系统、客观方法释用、预报主观编辑制作以及精细化格点后处理四个方面。但与国外发达国家相比,我国中短期业务技术还存在数值模式发展水平不高、客观预报技术方法未全面深入开展、缺乏有效技术工具支撑预报员进行订正、格点化的处理技术基础薄弱等问题。文章在发展现状和问题分析的基础上,提出未来应提高自主数值模式系统的基础支撑作用,深入发展海量预报信息的客观提取及订正技术,加强开发主观和客观融合的技术和工具平台,完善精细化的格点处理技术的发展思路,并进行具体阐述。最后,从技术发展的基础数据支持、路线选择、发展规律以及交流共享四个方面提出参考意见。     

中低温对流型地热系统

中低温对流型地热系统在自然界和我国有着广泛的分布。这类地热系统在阐明地区构造活动性、地热资源形成、分布以及水－岩相互作用和有用元素富集成矿等方面均有着十分重要的意义。文章重点介绍中低温对流型地热系统的特点及其形成模式、在我国的分布，并以漳州地区为例作出实例剖析。     

冀鲁豫交界区岩石圈磁场异常分布与磁化率结构分析

利用重磁反演软件,对2017年8月冀鲁豫交界区流动地磁总强度数据进行处理并解析延拓,研究该区岩石圈磁场及其深部、浅表磁场异常分布特征与地下介质磁化率结构的性质。结果表明:冀鲁豫交界区岩石圈磁场异常分布是岩石圈浅表与深部磁异常综合叠加的结果,岩石圈地下介质的浅表与深部磁化率结构具有一定差异性,且受断裂控制呈分段性特征,可能与该区域复杂的岩石圈磁化率结构及地质构造有关。     

介质横向不均匀对震后地表位移场的影响

利用三维有限元模拟两层地球模型(包括弹性层和粘弹性层)介质的横向不均匀和断层错动的复杂性对震后地表位移场的影响，其数值结果包括弹性解和粘弹性解。结果表明，震后位移场的分布特征不仅与粘弹性层的流变特性有关，还与弹性层介质的剪切模量以及断层的同震错动有关。     

A spatially and temporally adaptive solution of Richards’ equation

Efficient, robust simulation of groundwater flow in the unsaturated zone remains computationally expensive, especially for problems characterized by sharp fronts in both space and time. Standard approaches that employ uniform spatial and temporal discretizations for the numerical solution of these problems lead to inefficient and expensive simulations. In this work, we solve Richards’ equation using adaptive methods in both space and time. Spatial adaption is based upon a coarse grid solve and a gradient error indicator using a fixed-order approximation. Temporal adaption is accomplished using variable order, variable step size approximations based upon the backward difference formulas up to fifth order. Since the advantages of similar adaptive methods in time are now established, we evaluate our method by comparison with a uniform spatial discretization that is adaptive in time for four different one-dimensional test problems. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method provides a robust and efficient alternative to standard approaches for simulating variably saturated flow in one spatial dimension.     

双重介质含水层中井水位潮汐相位滞后现象的理论分析

简略地介绍了双重介质含水层模型;推导出引潮力作用下双重介质含水层中渗流运动的偏微分方程;将此泛定的方程与潜水的Boulton方程进行数学类比,从而得出一个新的迟后给水项,为解释固体潮致井水位振荡相位滞后现象奠定了物理基础;通过对该泛定方程的分析,还发现该迟后给水项与深部含水层中存在的一种潮汐液流振荡现象有关．