Experimentation of structured light and stereo vision for underwater 3D reconstruction

Current research on underwater 3D imaging methods is mainly addressing long range applications like seafloor mapping or surveys of archeological sites and shipwrecks. Recently, there is an increasing need for more accessible and precise close-range 3D acquisition technologies in some application fields like, for example, monitoring the growth of coral reefs or reconstructing underwater archaeological pieces that in most cases cannot be recovered from the seabed. This paper presents the first results of a research project that aims to investigate the possibility of using active optical techniques for the whole-field 3D reconstructions in an underwater environment. In this work we have tested an optical technique, frequently used for in air acquisition, based on the projection of structured lighting patterns acquired by a stereo vision system. We describe the experimental setup used for the underwater tests, which were conducted in a water tank with different turbidity conditions. The tests have evidenced that the quality of 3D reconstruction is acceptable even with high turbidity values, despite the heavy presence of scattering and absorption effects.     

Fast algorithm for maneuvering target detection in SAR imagery based on gridding and fusion of texture features

Designing detection algorithms with high efficiency for Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) imagery is essential for the operator SAR Automatic Target Recognition(ATR) system.This work abandons the detection strategy of visiting every pixel in SAR imagery as done in many traditional detection algorithms,and introduces the gridding and fusion idea of different texture fea-tures to realize fast target detection.It first grids the original SAR imagery,yielding a set of grids to be classified into clutter grids and target grids,and then calculates the texture features in each grid.By fusing the calculation results,the target grids containing potential maneuvering targets are determined.The dual threshold segmentation technique is imposed on target grids to obtain the regions of interest.The fused texture features,including local statistics features and Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix(GLCM),are investigated.The efficiency and superiority of our proposed algorithm were tested and verified by comparing with existing fast de-tection algorithms using real SAR data.The results obtained from the experiments indicate the promising practical application val-ue of our study.     

Structuring decision-making for ecosystem-based management

Ecosystem-based management (EBM) has been widely accepted as the new paradigm to manage marine ecosystems. Although various efforts have been made to define key components, guidelines, and principles, in support of its implementation, there is still a gap between theory and practice. To implement EBM, managers require a decision-making framework in which the values of constituents, objectives and performance measures are consistent and used to evaluate and choose between alternatives. Structured decision-making (SDM) is a systematic approach that can contribute to develop this framework for EBM. SDM was used for the on-going EBM process on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. This case study provides insights into how SDM can be implemented for EBM, as well as some challenges and opportunities encountered during the process.     

一种基于人工神经网络的彩色地形图分层方法

本文针对当前全要素地形图计算机扫描处理存在的困难，提出了一种基于Ｋｏｈｏｎｅｎ网络的彩色地形图的分层方法，并设计了一种结构聚类方法进行后处理以消除产生的错分类。文中详细列出试验的方法与结果。     

汤家坪钼矿地质勘查工作研究

汤家坪钼矿赋存在汤家坪斑岩体内及其外接触带,矿体地表形态与斑岩体形态基本一致,属典型的斑岩型钼矿床。通过对汤家坪钼矿地质特征研究,指出汤家坪钼的成矿特征。     

中国地面气温和降水网格化数据精度比较

采用2013年国家气象信息中心逐日的839个中国基准、基本气象站,2419个国家级地面气象站,3万个逐小时中国地面站气温和降水数据,利用ANUSPLIN、SHERPAD和OI插值方法进行网格化,比较了日尺度上不同方法插值不同站网密度站点数据的精度。结果表明:台站点数量多的插值结果,对降水或气温描述的准确性高,相关性随站点密度增加而增大,均方根误差随站点密度增加而减少。不同方法得出的相关性、均方根误差随季节变化明显,且差异较大,并具有月尺度变化特征。夏季站点数量相同的不同插值结果,降水场的相关系数、RMSE等评分指标均优于年平均,气温的相关系数则低于年平均。降水场的评估指标时间序列不确定性更大,波动范围大于气温。国家气象信息中心制作的基于气候背景场OI插值的2419站降水场和考虑高程ANUSPLIN插值的2419站气温的综合评价较好。     

中国“胡焕庸线”东西两侧能源消耗空间格局的系统动力学模拟

“胡焕庸线”是中国人口、经济和社会发展格局特征的真实写照,科学地刻画了中国能源生产与消费的基本特征。定量模拟该线东西两侧能源消耗的空间格局可以为国家实现能源与区域协调发展提供参考。论文根据中国能源统计年鉴(2005—2014年),结合系统动力学模型(System Dynamic, SD)与灰色模型构建了胡焕庸线能源消耗空间格局预测模型(HLECSM-SD);再以省域为基本研究单元,构建50 km×50 km空间格网,模拟2020年并预测2021—2025年“胡焕庸线”东西两侧能源消耗的空间格局,设置3种情景方案分析中国能源消耗情况。结果表明：① HLECSM-SD模型具有较好的拟合效果。② 全国能源消耗总量呈现“东多西少”的空间格局。③ 该线两侧的能源消耗量增长率曲线变化趋势一致,且东侧的增长率低于西侧。④ 在胡焕庸线东侧,煤炭消耗量具有“北部多、南部少”的空间特征,这与中国煤炭资源蕴涵量的空间格局一致;石油、天然气和电力消耗量具有“东部多、中部少”的空间特征,这是由各省区资源禀赋、经济水平、人口规模及产业结构等因素共同决定的。⑤ 在情景设置中,不同影响因子对能源消耗量影响程度不同。     

Google Earth在道路工程前期规划设计中的应用研究

Google Earth数据具备免费、直观、时效性强等特点,在道路工程设计中具有巨大的应用前景。本文以乌拉泊饮水源保护工程吐乌大高速公路段项目为例,提取项目区Google Earth最新卫星影像图和高程点数据,通过ArcGIS地统计学工具和Sufer克里金差值法进行项目区前期设计分析,获得最优路线和蓄水池的设置点,从而使前期项目设计节约劳动时间,降低劳动强度,提高工作效率。具有较强的实用性和可操作性。     

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改进的参数统计机载雷达点云滤波方法

针对基于高程的偏度参数统计的LiDAR数据滤波对地形起伏城区滤波适应性不强的弱点,文章对该方法进行了改进,提出基于二次曲面高程残差的偏度参数统计法的LiDAR数据滤波。实验结果表明改进的方法不仅延续了参数统计法无需阈值的优势,而且对城区滤波更具适应性、合理性和稳定性,能够明显提高滤波精度。