遥感图象在放射性水化学找矿中的应用

本文以实例介绍了遥感图象在放射性水化学找矿中,解译与放射性水异常有联系的断裂构造及其影响带,以及应用遥感图象圈定与铀矿化有内在联系的地热异常区和热水活动带。根据遥感图象追踪古河道、古湖沼洼地、古冲-洪积扇(群),研究分析铀源条件。通过有针对性的放射性水化学取样分析工作,结合其它资料,从而圈定出铀成矿远景区。     

衡山岩体西缘韧性剪切带磁性组构研究

本文对采自衡山花岗岩体西缘韧性剪切带的标本进行了岩石磁性组构研究,并将其与常规应变分析方法所得结果予以比较,表明了岩石磁化率各向异性椭球体与应变椭球体之间有一定的对应关系,岩石磁化率各向异性技术可望成为构造地质学的一种新手段。岩石磁性组构资料可应用于变形岩石的应变分析,特别是在没有宏观应变标志或者通常的岩石组构分析方法太费时间的情况下更显出其优越性。     

北部湾6．1、6．2级地震的烈度分布与发震构造

调查了北部湾６．１、６．２级地震的烈度分布，陆地最高达六度，六度区的长轴呈ＮＷ向。研究了海底地形、重力资料、断裂产状、震中空间分布以及震源机制解，结果表明，该地震序列是在南北向的区域应力场作用下产生的共轭剪切错动，ＮＷ向的涠洲－斜阳断裂为主要发震构造，一系列较小的余震则是ＮＥ向断裂活动引发的。     

结构主动控制AMD系统分析及其优化设计

本文分析屯ＡＭＤ系统工作机理，提出ＡＭＤ系统对结构的作用力Ｕ与作动器输出力Ｐ加以区别的概念，根据Ｐ与Ｕ的关系，并以作动力Ｐ所作功，即外部输入能量最小，建立了ＡＭＤ系统的优化设计方法。     

人地系统动力学研究的现状与展望

文章系统地综述了当前国内外对表层地球系统研究的现状、发展趋势，提出从人地系统动力学入手，深入开展可持续发展理论与方法研究的基本内容，以期表述人类活动对地球系统的影响——地球系统演变之“人类驱动力”的机制     

我国地球动力学的研究进展与展望

综述我国地球动力学的研究进展1994年以前的情况在臧绍先总结的基础上作一些补充外，着重讨论1994年以后的进展分别从地质构造运动的力学分析、岩石层动力学、地慢流动、地核动力学、地球介质力学性质、反演的数学方法和非线性科学等部分进行介绍．最后提出有待发展的研究方向．     

地下坑道开挖前方结构面超前探测

本文在分析总结现有地球物理勘探方法的基础上, 提出了一种适合地下工程开挖前方结构面探测的新的方法--TVSP法, 同时对该方法进行了必要的分析。     

楔形双滑面稳定性动态分析及其在削坡治理中的应用──以神府-东胜和准格尔煤田露天采场斜坡为例

本文提出了可以连续地计算任何坡高不同坡角的双滑面楔形四面滑体的稳定系数，以便求得某一稳定性系数的最优化坡角。本方法经神府－东胜及准格尔煤田采场斜坡验算，得知两煤田采场斜坡还有较大的安全储备。     

The Delivery Tunnel North, Lesotho Highlands Water Project

Summary The Delivery Tunnel North starts in Lesotho and continues into South Africa. It is divided into two sections by the Caledon and Little Caledon rivers. It runs through the mudrocks and sandstones of the Tarkastad Subgroup, and the Elliot and Molteno Formations. The tunnel was excavated by a double-shield tunnel boring machine, except for the sections beneath the two rivers, which were constructed by drill and blast methods. The tunnel boring machine was selected to bore through the anticipated changing ground conditions and also was capable of installing the segmental lining of the tunnel. Boreability tests showed that the sandstones and siltstones had good boreability, but that it was very low in the dolerite dykes. At depth, the weaker mudstones presented the worst tunnelling conditions, giving rise to squeezing ground and to shear failure with accompanying overbreak. Initially a small amount of cracking occurred in the tunnel lining but this was reduced significantly as experience was gained. Cracking was observed predominantly in the weaker rock types, and this was probably associated with overbreak.     

Hydration swelling of crystalline rocks

Long-duration deformation experiments at room temperature have shown that crystalline rocks with low porosities, such as granites, diorites, gneisses and metabasites, swell when saturated with water and shrink when dried out. The effect is reversible and reproducible. The swelling cannot be completely hindered by confining pressures up to 15 MPa. The volume strain (from the dry to the saturated state) is of the order of a tenth of the porosity. The volume strain is decreased in brine with increasing molarity and becomes much smaller by saturation with heptane. Swelling and shrinking can also be observed with sorption and desorption of water, that is a change in the relative humidity of the air. It is proposed that the swelling effect is due to surface forces, that is van der Waals attraction and electrostatic double-layer and solvation repulsion. The pore pressure causing the swelling was estimated to be of the order of 15 MPa. This indicates the presence of very flat pores with distances between the surfaces of about 1 nm. The surface forces probably also play an important role in determining the seismic properties of the rocks at low confining pressures.