全文获取类型
收费全文 | 697篇 |
免费 | 214篇 |
国内免费 | 43篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 14篇 |
大气科学 | 11篇 |
地球物理 | 566篇 |
地质学 | 291篇 |
海洋学 | 42篇 |
天文学 | 5篇 |
综合类 | 20篇 |
自然地理 | 5篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 13篇 |
2019年 | 18篇 |
2018年 | 17篇 |
2017年 | 35篇 |
2016年 | 33篇 |
2015年 | 41篇 |
2014年 | 51篇 |
2013年 | 42篇 |
2012年 | 29篇 |
2011年 | 54篇 |
2010年 | 19篇 |
2009年 | 43篇 |
2008年 | 43篇 |
2007年 | 42篇 |
2006年 | 38篇 |
2005年 | 32篇 |
2004年 | 41篇 |
2003年 | 37篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 16篇 |
2000年 | 25篇 |
1999年 | 26篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 32篇 |
1995年 | 24篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 17篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有954条查询结果,搜索用时 281 毫秒
81.
An extension of slip line theory to unsaturated soils is presented and applied to the problem of a rigid retaining wall rotating about its toe into unsaturated soils. Suction is introduced using the effective stress concept. Soil–wall interface friction is defined carefully. The influence of suction on limiting passive earth pressures is analysed for two soils under steady state evaporation and infiltration. Suction increases the limiting passive stress at the soil–wall interface, with a dependence on the steady state flow type. The displacement of the retained soil is studied assuming the wall undergoes a rotation increment. The results show a clear difference in the displacement for evaporation and infiltration. 相似文献
82.
Numerous studies have been devoted to the performance of excavations and adjacent facilities. In contrast, few studies have focused on retaining wall deflections induced by pre-excavation dewatering. However, considerable inward cantilever deflections were observed for a diaphragm wall in a pre-excavation dewatering test based on a long and narrow metro excavation, and the maximum deflection reached 10 mm (37.6% of the allowable wall deflection for the project). Based on the test results, a three-dimensional soil–fluid coupled finite element model was established and used to study the mechanism of the dewatering-induced diaphragm wall deflections. Numerical results indicated that the diaphragm wall deflection results from three factors: (1) the seepage force around the dewatering well and the soil–wall interaction caused the inward horizontal displacement of the soil inside the excavation; (2) the reduced total earth pressure on the excavated side of the diaphragm wall above approximately 1/2 of the maximum dewatering depth disequilibrated the original earth pressure on both sides of the diaphragm wall; and (3) the different negative friction on the excavated and retained sides of the diaphragm wall led to the rotation of the diaphragm wall into the excavation. 相似文献
83.
刘晓莉 《测绘与空间地理信息》2014,(8):89-91
使用GRACE反演地球表层的质量异常,其结果取决于构造的平滑函数即滤波方法。本文阐述了两种在经典高斯滤波基础上构造的Fan滤波和Non-isotropic Gaussian(Non)滤波,两者均对GRACE的阶和次起作用。在同一阶下,两者的权重随着次数的升高而衰减,但衰减的趋势不同,比如在20阶时,Fan滤波呈抛物线变化,而Non滤波则为线性衰减;在40和60阶,两者均呈抛物线变化。使用CSR发布的GRACE Level-2 RL05数据反演地表质量异常,两者的结果相近。 相似文献
84.
根据辽河油田已有地层、构造资料,研究了杜84块构造格架、主要断裂特点,在此基础上,建立了构造应力场模拟的三维地质模型,用3D-σ软件进行了构造应力场三维有限元模拟研究。其结果表明,杜84块油层受构造应力状态为最大和中间主应力近水平,最小主应力垂直。在此应力场作用下,区内断层运动方式为正断兼水平扭动。三维有限元模拟计算结果表明,沿断层带均发生压应力和剪应力集中现象,从而有利于断层发生扭张性运动。位移分析表明,有明显的呈阶梯状组合的正断位移。据破坏率分析,在现有应力场作用下,油层所在岩体局部会产生裂缝。 相似文献
85.
在柱坐标下将黑子周围的环形区域(黑子除外)内的振荡分解为朝向黑子传播的(入射的)波和离开黑子传播的(出射的)波。对无黑子的环形区域内的振荡也进行了同样的分解。将黑子周围的入射波看成是被黑子磁流管磁化了的介质(介质内的磁场基本是水平的)中的波。而无黑子区的入射波看成是非磁化介质中的波。比较这两种波在固定波数下功率随频率的分布发现,在磁化介质中不同径向除n的声波(p模)频率系统降低,同时功率也降低,降低的功率最高达非磁化介质中波的功率的30%。而比较在固定频率下功率随波数的分布发现,磁场中f模及n=1,2,3的p模的脊向高波数方向位移,功率的降低受频率调制,即声波在某些有限的频带中被吸收。这些观测表明,在磁场中p模与磁声重力波(MAG)产生了模式混合或耦合。模式混合的存在支持了模式转换作为p模式被黑子吸收的机制的解释。此外,本文还分析了转换的MAG波进入黑子磁流管(其中的磁场基本上是垂直的)后进一步被吸收,吸收的功率最高达MAG波的20%。在磁流管内没有进一步观测到模式的转换 相似文献
86.
Since the mechanical twinning along calcite e-planes has a critical resolved shear stress, not only principal stress axes but also differential stress can be determined from the orientations of twin lamellae. Based on the five-dimensional stress space that fulfills the principle of coordinate invariance, it is shown in this article that the inversion of twin and untwin data is comparable with fitting a spherical cap to data points on a unit sphere in the space. The principal stress orientations and stress ratio are indicated by the center of the cap, whereas differential stress is denoted by the size of the cap. Based on this geometrical interpretation, the generalized Hough transform was applied to the inversion of the data in this study. The new method is demonstrated to be robust to sampling bias, variability in the critical resolved shear stress. The determination of differential stress was difficult when the differential stress to be detected was ∼10 times larger than the critical resolved shear stress. Stresses were separated by the method from heterogeneous data successfully as long as the spherical caps corresponding to the stresses to be detected had no or a small intersection. 相似文献
87.
本文侧重于全国性资源环境及有关自然条件等专题制图工作的现实基础和成就,作简要总结和回顾。针对提高和重新认识制图效益和重点进行讨论,提出科学效益是基础,社会效益是目的,经济效益是根本,为资源环境的合理开发利用提供依据,并提出今后发展设想。 相似文献
88.
The Apuseni Mountains are located between the Pannonian Basin and the Transylvanian Basin along a direction of SE convergence with the Carpathian belt. A flexural model based on the cylindrical bending of a semi-infinite, isostatically supported, thin elastic plate is here examined with the Apuseni playing the role of flexural bulge, and under the assumption that the plate is deforming under the action of a vertical shear force and a bending moment applied at the end of the plate, beneath the Carpathians. The model yields estimates of the plate thickness ranging between 13 and 14.5 km, depending on the assumed density contrast between crust/sediments and mantle providing buoyancy. The vertical shear force which is necessary to bend the plate is in the range between 60 and 300 × 1011 N m− 1, depending on the assumed density contrast. This force is shown to be modelled by a gravitational ‘slab pull’ force, using model parameters derived from seismic tomography. If the height of the flexural bulge, after correction for erosion, is allowed to increase, the model yields an estimate of the horizontal strain rate at the top of the bulge. For example, 5 mm/yr vertical change of the flexural bulge of a 14 km thick plate results in a horizontal deformation rate of approximately 7 nanostrain/yr at the top of the bulge, a value which is at the threshold of sensitivity of continuous GPS measurements. Different vertical rates will change the horizontal strain rate almost proportionally. 相似文献
89.
Stress Measurement by Overcoring at Shallow Depths in a Rock Slope: the Scattering of Input Data and Results 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. Clément V. Merrien-Soukatchoff C. Dünner Y. Gunzburger 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2009,42(4):585-609
This paper describes a field experiment of stress measurement using the overcoring method performed in a rock slope, called
Rochers de Valabres (located in France’s Southern Alps Region), a field laboratory site prone to rockfalls. Six measurements were conducted at
shallow depths from the surface, moving deeper along a sub-horizontal borehole. The experiment was conducted in heterogeneous
and anisotropic gneiss, with the overcored rock elastic properties, as evaluated by biaxial and uniaxial tests, being widely
scattered. Since stress calculations are sensitive to all input data uncertainties, strain inversion was, thus, performed
using an experimental device and Monte Carlo simulations. The experimental device allows the assessment of rather broad confidence
intervals for both stress magnitude and orientation. The results indicate that the stress state in the surface area is quite
heterogeneous and may be correlated with topography. The measurements show a nonlinear stress distribution with distance to
the free surface, along with high values of principal stresses, despite the vicinity of the surface. Although influenced by
local topography, orientations of the principal computed stresses are characterized by a high turnover due to local heterogeneities.
The results are roughly in accordance to a 2D finite element model of the site. 相似文献
90.
在中国大陆活动地块假说及活动边界研究的基础上,将中国大陆按照地震活动特征进行分区. 利用大地震的震源机制资料和历史强震资料,结合小震综合节面解,研究了各地震区的应力应变状态,给出了各地震区的平均应力主轴方向和平均应变率. 应用地震应变能积累释放模型研究了各地震区的地震活动水平. 结果表明最大剪切应变率与地震活动水平存在线性关系. 将地震资料给出的中国大陆地壳应力应变场与GPS测量给出的结果进行了比较,初步说明了两种结果存在着统一性,从而显示出活动地块运动变形与强震活动的内在联系. 相似文献