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41.
The violent motion (sloshing) of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in cargo tanks has attracted significant attention. Transformations of the LNG market have led to the increased transport of LNG in partially filled tanks, but established technology is mainly based on engineering experience with completely filled containers. This paper investigates a large sample of sloshing pressure measurements. It focuses on the magnitude of individual sloshing impact events, and their associated temporal and spatial patterns. The durations of these impacts are comparable to the natural frequency of an LNG container wall, so the details of their time histories are important in determining the structural response. Experiments are performed on tanks with high (92.5%) and low (30%) filling levels, for various wave headings. The common post-processing approach of representing impact pressure histories by a triangular profile is studied, and an alternative approach is presented. Two statistical models are used to describe the distribution of maximal pressures in sloshing impacts: a three-parameter Weibull model and a generalized Pareto model. The latter is found to be of questionable utility due to small sample sizes. It is observed that for low filling levels the sloshing impacts are of greater magnitude, having longer durations, smaller ratios of rise time to duration, and larger spatial extents. All these factors should in principle increase the structural response. 相似文献
42.
Recent developments in extreme values modelling have been used to develop a framework for determining the coastal erosion hazard on sandy coastlines. This framework quantitatively reproduced the extreme beach erosion volumes obtained from field measurements at Narrabeen Beach, Australia. This encouraging finding was achieved using Kriebel and Dean's [Kriebel, D.L. and Dean, R.G., 1993. Convolution method for time-dependent beach profile response. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, 119(2): 204–226.] simple beach erosion and accretion model. The method includes allowances for joint probability between all basic erosion variates including; wave height, period and direction, event duration, tidal anomalies and event spacing. A new formulation for the dependency between wave height and period has been developed. It includes the physical wave steepness limitation. Event grouping, where significantly more erosion can occur from two closely spaced storms is handled by temporally simulating the synthetic wave climate and the resulting beach erosion and accretion. 相似文献
43.
本文提出利用空间数据查询、SQL函数和SQL语言进行土地利用数据分类统计的方法,该方法操作简单、效率高,可供实际生产借鉴。 相似文献
44.
喀斯特地区流域地貌与岩性的统计关系探讨——以贵州省为例 总被引:12,自引:3,他引:9
岩石是地貌演化发育的物质基础,不同的岩性分布区常常发育特定的地貌形态。本文统计分析了喀斯特地区22 个中小流域的地貌类型和岩石的出露关系,从量上揭示了流域地貌与岩性的关联规律。分析结果表明:在碳酸盐岩出露的地区常发育着峰丛洼地;在碳酸盐岩夹碎屑岩出露地区易于形成峰丛谷地;在非碳酸盐岩出露地区发育形成非喀斯特地貌;而在峰林谷地和非喀斯特地貌分布区常有松散岩出露。 相似文献
45.
复杂地形低风速气象特征分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用13个地面站和1个100 m气象塔的全年实测资料分析湖南中北部丘陵地区中尺度范围的低风速气象特征。结果表明:(1)该区域低风速出现频率高,小于15 m/s的风速出现频率年均达416%;(2)低风速与地形情况密切相关,区域内西部山地的低风速出现频率明显高于东部平原地区;(3)低风速的出现具有日变化特点,典型出现时间段是夜间至次日上午;(4)低风速条件下10 min平均风向多出现大角度变化的情况,60°以上的风向变化频率可达20%~30%。(5)水平风向标准差在低风速情况下明显增大,但观测仪器性能会对小风结果产生影响。 相似文献
46.
王柏钧 《成都信息工程学院学报》1987,(1)
本文提出了一种使尽可能多的因子载荷变为0(或接近于0)的新的因子变换方法。它不同于常用的因子旋转方法。主要步骤是于中的行向量单独考虑,使其有尽可能多的0(或近于0)。从有关地球科学的举例证明,这个方法比一般斜交因子解的方法更符合实际,解释更令人满意。 相似文献
47.
Pieter Vermeesch 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(2):843-850
In a recent review published in this journal,Coutts et al.(2019)compared nine different ways to estimate the maximum depositional age(MDA)of siliclastic rocks by means of detrital geochronology.Their results show that among these methods three are positively and six negatively biased.This paper investigates the cause of these biases and proposes a solution to it.A simple toy example shows that it is theoretically impossible for the reviewed methods to find the correct depositional age in even a best case scenario:the MDA estimates drift to ever smaller values with increasing sample size.The issue can be solved using a maximum likelihood model that was originally developed for fission track thermochronology by Galbraith and Laslett(1993).This approach parameterises the MDA estimation problem with a binary mixture of discrete and continuous distributions.The‘Maximum Likelihood Age’(MLA)algorithm converges to a unique MDA value,unlike the ad hoc methods reviewed by Coutts et al.(2019).It successfully recovers the depositional age for the toy example,and produces sensible results for realistic distributions.This is illustrated with an application to a published dataset of 13 sandstone samples that were analysed by both LA-ICPMS and CA-TIMS U–Pb geochronology.The ad hoc algorithms produce unrealistic MDA estimates that are systematically younger for the LA-ICPMS data than for the CA-TIMS data.The MLA algorithm does not suffer from this negative bias.The MLA method is a purely statistical approach to MDA estimation.Like the ad hoc methods,it does not readily accommodate geological complications such as post-depositional Pb-loss,or analytical issues causing erroneously young outliers.The best approach in such complex cases is to re-analyse the youngest grains using more accurate dating techniques.The results of the MLA method are best visualised on radial plots.Both the model and the plots have applications outside detrital geochronology,for example to determine volcanic eruption ages. 相似文献
48.
Isoplot R: A free and open toolbox for geochronology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pieter Vermeesch 《地学前缘(英文版)》2018,9(5):1479-1493
49.
强调了统计域的正确选择对区域地球化学数据分析的重要性。本文以南岭研究区的W元素原始异常作为统计域,分析得出了研究区内不同成矿类型钨矿一种量化的简单元素组合特征。以此量化的元素组合特征,并结合相似度分析方法,统计了研究区内样点与各典型钨矿元素组合特征的相似性系数,其成图结果非常准确地圈定了已知的各类型钨矿,相比W元素原始异常其准确率得到了明显提升。该方法亦可认为是对地球化学场的一种成因分解,能够准确提取其中与成矿有关的异常信息。该研究可作为区域异常结构模式研究的重要补充,也可以为扩大南岭地区钨矿找矿远景提供线索。 相似文献
50.
2013年,受世界经济复苏乏力、国内经济下行压力加大等不利因素影响,国内非开挖市场在经历了黄金十年后增速明显回落,市场需求萎缩,行业竞争更为激烈,企业之间的分化也进一步加剧。本文回顾了2013年对我国非开挖行业发展具有较大影响的十大重要事件,详细介绍和分析了中关两国非开挖行业的统计情况。 相似文献