全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1864篇 |
免费 | 287篇 |
国内免费 | 1230篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 38篇 |
大气科学 | 56篇 |
地球物理 | 424篇 |
地质学 | 2272篇 |
海洋学 | 410篇 |
天文学 | 12篇 |
综合类 | 56篇 |
自然地理 | 113篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 10篇 |
2023年 | 38篇 |
2022年 | 72篇 |
2021年 | 68篇 |
2020年 | 119篇 |
2019年 | 152篇 |
2018年 | 133篇 |
2017年 | 87篇 |
2016年 | 175篇 |
2015年 | 131篇 |
2014年 | 160篇 |
2013年 | 213篇 |
2012年 | 144篇 |
2011年 | 179篇 |
2010年 | 149篇 |
2009年 | 148篇 |
2008年 | 166篇 |
2007年 | 164篇 |
2006年 | 187篇 |
2005年 | 154篇 |
2004年 | 111篇 |
2003年 | 98篇 |
2002年 | 79篇 |
2001年 | 67篇 |
2000年 | 41篇 |
1999年 | 44篇 |
1998年 | 42篇 |
1997年 | 48篇 |
1996年 | 48篇 |
1995年 | 31篇 |
1994年 | 22篇 |
1993年 | 22篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3381条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
991.
On the Measurement of the Tensile Strength of Soft Rocks 总被引:8,自引:4,他引:8
Summary. This paper reports on a comparative study of various types of experimental tests for measuring the tensile strength of rocks and rock-like materials. A critical assessment is presented of some widely used laboratory techniques on the basis of experimental data from the literature and from the laboratory investigation performed in this study.Tests were carried out using a triaxial apparatus recently set up at Milan University of Technology. This was designed to reduce random misalignments between specimen and loading frame, which are typical of conventional triaxial cells with external tie bars. The apparatus was then modified to perform various types of tests for determining the tensile strength of materials. An artificial building stone and a natural calcarenite of the Gravina di Puglia geological formation, sampled at Montescaglioso (Matera-Italy) were tested in this research. The experimental investigation included various types of tests, namely the uni-axial, the Brazilian, the ring, the three and four points bending and the Luong test. Specimens of both materials were also compressed to failure in unconfined conditions and loaded cyclically in unconfined tension and compression, Young’s moduli being measured by means of local instrumentation. 相似文献
992.
Study on strength reduction factors considering the effect of classification of design earthquake 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Introduction The strength reduction factor is defined as the lateral yielding strength required to avoid yielding in the system when subjected to a given ground motion, to the lateral yielding strength required to maintain the displacement ductility ratio demand equal to a pre-determined target duc-tility ratio under the same ground motion. The strength reduction factors are not only the key fac-tors in determining seismic action for force-based seismic design, but also one of the key parame-t… 相似文献
993.
The Development of a new Numerical Modelling Approach for Naturally Fractured Rock Masses 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
Summary. An approach for modelling fractured rock masses has been developed which has two main objectives: to maximise the quality
of representation of the geometry of existing rock jointing and to use this within a loading model which takes full account
of this style of jointing. Initially the work has been applied to the modelling of mine pillars and data from the Middleton
Mine in the UK has been used as a case example. However, the general approach is applicable to all aspects of rock mass behaviour
including the stress conditions found in hangingwalls, tunnels, block caving, and slopes. The rock mass fracture representation
was based on a combination of explicit mapping of rock faces and the synthesis of this data into a three-dimensional model,
based on the use of the FracMan computer model suite. Two-dimensional cross sections from this model were imported into the
finite element computer model, ELFEN, for loading simulation.
The ELFEN constitutive model for fracture simulation includes the Rotating Crack, and Rankine material models, in which fracturing
is controlled by tensile strength and fracture energy parameters. For tension/compression stress states, the model is complemented
with a capped Mohr-Coulomb criterion in which the softening response is coupled to the tensile model. Fracturing due to dilation
is accommodated by introducing an explicit coupling between the inelastic strain accrued by the Mohr-Coulomb yield surface
and the anisotropic degradation of the mutually orthogonal tensile yield surfaces of the rotating crack model. Pillars have
been simulated with widths of 2.8, 7 and 14 m and a height of 7 m (the Middleton Mine pillars are typically 14 m wide and
7 m high). The evolution of the pillar failure under progressive loading through fracture extension and creation of new fractures
is presented, and pillar capacities and stiffnesses are compared with empirical models. The agreement between the models is
promising and the new model provides useful insights into the influence of pre-existing fractures. Further work is needed
to consider the effects of three-dimensional loading and other boundary condition problems. 相似文献
994.
The geotechnical properties and behaviour of a pro-glacial lake clay, and its cementitious stabilization 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
F.G. Bell 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1998,16(3):167-199
The Tees Laminated Clay forms a continuous deposit around the Tees estuary in north east England and was deposited in a proglacial lake which occupied the Teesside area during late Devensian times, disappearing about 13 000 years ago. It overlies till, with which it has a sharp contact and reaches a maximum thickness in parts of central Middlesbrough of just over 9 m. The laminations consist of alternating thin layers of clay and silt, and represent seasonal increments of sediment. Kaolinite and illite, with lesser amounts of chlorite, dominate the mineral composition. Quartz tends to account for less than 35%. The notable carbonate content may be diagenetic in origin. The birefringence ratio of the clay minerals indicates a medium degree of particle orientation which suggests a partially flocculated fabric.This laminated clay has a high plasticity. However, the liquid and plastic limits of the silty layers differ significantly from those of the clay layers or the bulk samples. The clay fraction has a greater influence on these limits than the silty fraction. In addition, the linear shrinkage, liquidity indices and consistency indices of the silty layers differ appreciably from those of the clay layers and the bulk samples. The laminated clay is inactive. The orientation of the laminations in relation to the direction of maximum principal stress influences the shear strength, the lowest strengths being developed when these orientations are between 30° and 60°. The stress paths, anisotropic ratios and values of Af indicate that the Tees Laminated Clay is normally consolidated or lightly overconsolidated. The McLamore–Gray concept possibly can be applied to the anisotropic strength behaviour.Tees Laminated Clay can give rise to problems during construction operations since it can lose strength significantly on remoulding. Accordingly, these soils were treated with cementitious materials to determine the extent to which their engineering behaviour was enhanced by the addition of such materials. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998 相似文献
995.
对软土抗剪强度试验的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对沿海一带新建公路、铁路所作的软土试验中,经过分析研究,提出了试验方法的选择,强度指标的确定,影响强度的因素等,进行了客观论述。 相似文献
996.
997.
James E. Pizzuto 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1984,9(2):113-124
Cross-sections were surveyed at straight reaches of 16 sandbed streams in the midwestern U.S. Two stratigraphic horizons are found in the banks at each site, an upper cohesive unit usually composed of silt and clay, and a lower unit composed of sand. Bank erosion on these rivers occurs when the upper cohesive unit is undercut by scour at bends. The overhanging cohesive block fails by toppling forward into the channel. During failure, the soil is primarily in tension rather than compression or shear. Analysis of this failure mechanism leads to a field method for measuring the tensile strength of riverbanks. Measured values of the tensile strength are not correlated with the channel geometry. Thus, the erodibility of the cohesive bank sediments does not influence the geometry of the rivers studied. 相似文献
998.
999.
Uniaxial compressive stress-strain curves have been measured on a suite of 26 commercial grades of tungsten carbide cermets and three maraging steels of interest for use in high-pressure apparatus. Tests were conducted on cylindrical specimens with a length to diameter ratio of two. Load was applied to the specimens by tungsten carbide anvils padded by extrudable lead disks. Interference fit binding rings of maraging steel were pressed on to the ends of the specimens to inhibit premature corner fractures. Bonded resistance strain gages were used to measure both axial and tangential strains. Deformation was exremely uniform in the central, gauged portion of the specimens. Tests were conducted at a constant engineering strain rate of 1×10–5s–1. The composition of the specimens was principally WC/Co with minor amounts of other carbides in some cases. The Co weight fraction ranged from 2 to 15%. Observed compressive strengths ranged from about 4 to just above 8 GPa. Axial strain amplitude at failure varied from 1.5% to 9%. Representative stress-strain curves and a ranking of the grades in terms of yield strength and strain at failure are presented. A power law strain hardening relation and the Ramberg-Osgood stress-strain equation were fit to the data. Fits were very good for both functions to axial strain amplitudes of about 2%. The failure of these established functions is accompanied by an abrupt change in the trend of volumetric strain consistent with the onset of substantial microcrack volume. 相似文献
1000.
层状岩石的强度和变形特性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
从岩石在单轴压应力状态下的性态和岩石工程问题的应用出发,论述了黑灰色钙质页岩岩块层理结构面夹角θ对其破坏特征、强度特性和变形性态的影响。 相似文献