Bathymetric inversion of South China Sea from satellite altimetry data

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浅谈1∶10000基础测绘任务外业调绘的质量控制方法

结合生产实践,介绍了一种通过将最新的卫星遥感正射影像资料与上一轮数字线划图（DLG）数据进行套合的技术路线。利用这种方法能够对1∶10 000基础测绘地形图进行全要素的更新。本文还列举了外业调绘工序容易出现的一系列质量问题,分析了问题出现的原因,阐述了如何在生产过程中加强质量控制措施来提高产品的质量。     

Separation problem in satellite gravimetry

The problem of separating gravitation from inertia is discussed in very general sense, and the conclusion is positive: man can separate gravitation from inertia, if various observation techniques are applied for. The accelerometer’s position problem in satellite gravimetry is investigated, and the additional acceleration effect due to the position error of an instrument as well as the difference between the mass center and the gravity center is explored.     

Forward simulation of gravity for crustal structure of Xiachayu-Gonghe profile in eastern Tibetan plateau

The crustal structure of Xiachayu-Gonghe geophysical profile in eastern Tibetan plateau is simulated with Bouguer anomaly corrected for sediments and lithosphere. The forward simulation shows that the thickness of upper crust in eastern Tibetan plateau is about 20 km, and the density is 2.78×103kg/m3. The bottom interface of middle crust changes from 30 km to 40 km, the density of middle crust is 2.89×103kg/m3. The materials with low density of 2.78 ×103kg/m3 exist in middle crust, and those with high density of 3.33 ×103kg/m3 exist at the bottom of middle crust between Wenquan and Tanggemu. The density is 3.10 ×103kg/m3 in lower crust. The shallowest depth of Moho interface is about 56 km, and the deepest one is about 74 km, the undulation of interface is large, the deep Moho is located in Xiachayu, Chayu, Nujiang, and Wenquan. The crustal density of eastern Tibetan plateau is larger than that of central section; the low velocity layers are located in middle crust and bottom in eastern Tibetan plateau and at the bottom of the upper crust in the central plateau.     

Generation and study of satellite gravity over Gujarat,India and their possible correlation with earthquake occurrences

High-resolution satellite gravity data have been generated and utilized to infer subsurface geological structures in the area of devastating earthquake that struck the Bhuj region in Gujarat on 26 January 2001. Latitudinal gravity profiles have been generated in the Bhuj, Anjar and IBF regions across the epicentres (23.5° N, 69.8° E/M_w 7.0 in 2001; 23.2° N, 70° E/M_w 7.0 in 1956; 24.2° N, 69.2° E/M_w 7.8 in 1819). Substantial differences in gravity anomaly patterns as high as 37 mGal could be observed existing near the epicentre regions. These gravitational differences might have caused due to the plate tectonic processes and due to the changes in densities of different lithospheric zones/sedimentary layers. Temporal variations of the satellite-derived gravity and their probable relations with already occurred major earthquakes in this region have been studied. Hence we conclude that drastic changes in gravity anomalies can be considered as a precursor for occurrences of substantially large earthquakes.     

空间坐标系变换的函数梯度描述方法

为了将空间坐标系变换由静态的、不随时间发生变换的情况推广到动态的、随时间发生变换以及任意角度发生变换的情况,基于单位四元数构造的旋转矩阵和罗德里格矩阵的完全等价性,揭示出空间坐标系（空间直角坐标系）变换与函数梯度的数学关系,推导出由函数梯度表示的空间坐标系变换的数学公式,在理论上说明了用函数梯度描述空间坐标系变换的方法。研究表明：在数学意义上,空间坐标系变换的本质是"场",可以用"场"的概念统一以任意角度发生旋转变换的空间坐标系变换特例。为进一步研究空间坐标系随时间发生连续变换的情况或以新的思路为运动载体定姿奠定了理论基础。     

精密水准测量中重力改正的归算

传统水准测量是高精度水准测量的重要手段之一。文章基于DiNi电子水准仪测量数据,针对长距离、高精度水准测量高程的多值性,对水准面不平行改正和重力异常改正的原理进行详述。将其应用于某城市二等水准网平差计算中,证明了精密水准改正的有效性和必要性。     

球谐函数变换快速计算扰动引力

在球谐函数变换基础上,利用新极下轨道的特殊性,在新坐标下引入Clenshaw求和计算轨道扰动引力。从理论上对比分析了传统方法、球谐函数变换方法和改进方法的计算速度和存储模型需要的物理空间。模拟试验分别采用3种方法计算了一段轨道的扰动引力,试验结果表明,改进的球谐函数变换方法比传统球谐函数变换方法计算速度可提高100倍,数据存储量仅占传统方法的3%。     

The decision of the optimal parameters in Markov random fields of images by genetic algorithm

This paper introduces the principle of genetic algorithm and the basic method of solving Markov random field parameters. Focusing on the shortcomings in present methods, a new method based on genetic algorithms is proposed to solve the parameters in the Markov random field. The detailed procedure is discussed. On the basis of the parameters solved by genetic algorithms, some experiments on classification of aerial images are given. Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and the classification results are satisfactory.     

Accuracy analysis for SST gravity field model in China

Taking China as the region for test the potential of the new satellite gravity technique, satelliteto-satellite tracking for improving the accuracy of regional gravity field model is studied. With WDM94 as reference, the gravity anomaly residuals of three models, the latest two GRACE global gravity field model (EIGEN_GRACE02S, GGM02S) and EGM96, are computed and compared. The causes for the differences among the residuals of the three models are discussed. The comparison between the residuals shows that in the selected region, EIGEN_GRACE02S or GGM02S is better than EGM96 in lower degree part (less than 110 degree). Additionally, through the analysis of the model gravity anomaly residuals, it is found that some systematic errors with periodical properties exist in the higher degree part of EIGEN and GGM models, the results can also be taken as references in the validation of the SST gravity data.