数字地质编录中的产状量测

本文介绍了地质编录系统中地质产状量测的基本原理及方法 ,并以矩形洞室为例 ,给出了立体像对量测法和正射影像量测法的具体实现过程。     

分形噪声、（多维）分形滤波及地球物理测井典型处理应用

白噪声、布郎运动以及其它满足在双对数坐标中呈一直线的信号具分形结构、自相似性或尺度无关性。地球物理信号通常表现为多个这类信号的叠加，为多维分形特征。研究、模拟在双对数坐标中成一直线的信号以及如何将多维分形中多个这种信号剖分出来，对于理解相应的地质、地球物理成因机制具有重要意义。通过对两口井的地球物理测井曲线处理，可以初步看出，在选定的地球物理测井曲线中，其具多维分形特征，不同的沉积过程相互叠加在原始测井曲线中。用滤波方法分析分解信号，可以了解不同沉积作用特征并进一步分析可能的环境变化控制机制。开发的图形界面程序使得这一过程极为容易实现。     

利用测井曲线判别分析煤与炭质泥岩

为了准确划分煤与炭质泥岩,本文对陕北府谷石炭二叠纪煤田测井参数视电阻率和自然伽(?)用概率统计的方法,找出物性统计规律,建立函数判别式,根据费歇准则和克莱姆法则解方程,求得函数判别式 P=0.015ρ(?)-0.77γ,用视电阻率值和自然伽(?)值确定 P 值,进行判别分析煤与炭质泥岩。通过实地应用验证,这种方法效果显著,出错率低。文中最后讨论了测井曲线的应用范围和要求。     

电磁波对轴对称二维层状介质的散射

本文讨论了任意N层平面分层,每层又可具有任意柱面分层的轴对称二维非均匀有耗介质结构,分析电磁波在其中的传播、散射特性.由于采用电磁场的数值模式匹配理论,径向用离散数值本征模式替代连续模,纵向则用模式匹配方法导出场递推关系的解析表达式,大大减少了数值计算量,而计算精度不变.场的数值结果可很好的再现地下电参数剖面.相应的数值分析程序可用于从感应测井到电磁波测井的计算机辅助解释.     

核磁共振测井典型方案的研究

研究了几种典型的核磁共振测井方案，综述典型方案的工作方式，提出一种计算方法估算方案的信号幅值，并且比较方案的优缺点，最后展望核磁共振测井发展趋势。     

裸眼井中弹性波传播的非对称模式的数值研究

本文从数值上研究了裸眼井中弹性波传播的非对称模式,给出了合成微地震图和导波（弯曲波）的频散曲线,发现在“硬”地层和“软”地层的井中,导波都是高度频散的,其最大相速度等于地层的横波速度,其截止频率低于对称模式的伪瑞利波的截止频率;在低频（2-3kHz）和长源距（3-4m）的条件下,由非对称的声源（如声偶极子）所产生的微地震图中,初至信号是以横波速度传播的,而以纵波速度传播的信号被抑制。本文的结果对研制横波速度测井仪是有意义的。     

测井数据采集处理系统的高分辨率图像显示

测井数据采集处理系统的高分辨率图像显示器是对测井全过程,实时监视,完成计算机控制,人—机对话方式工作,并且进行汉字图头,刻度功能,还可以回放测井过程的任意井段的参数曲线。本文主要阐述高分辨率图像显示器示技术性能及组成。     

禹登高速下伏铝土矿采空区注浆治理施工技术

对禹登高速公路下伏铝土矿采空区注浆治理施工中遇到的实际问题进行分析研究,采取有效的技术措施和组织措施,保证了采空区治理的效果。     

An integrated remote sensing and GIS approach for monitoring areas affected by selective logging: A case study in northern Mato Grosso,Brazilian Amazon

Forest cover disturbances due to processes such as logging and forest fires are a widespread issue especially in the tropics, and have heavily affected forest biomass and functioning in the Brazilian Amazon in the past decades. Satellite remote sensing has played a key role for assessing logging activities in this region; however, there are still remaining challenges regarding the quantification and monitoring of these processes affecting forested lands. In this study, we propose a new method for monitoring areas affected by selective logging in one of the hotspots of Mato Grosso state in the Brazilian Amazon, based on a combination of object-based and pixel-based classification approaches applied on remote sensing data. Logging intensity and changes over time are assessed within grid cells of 300 m × 300 m spatial resolution. Our method encompassed three main steps: (1) mapping forest/non-forest areas through an object-based classification approach applied to a temporal series of Landsat images during the period 2000–2015, (2) mapping yearly logging activities from soil fraction images on the same Landsat data series, and (3) integrating information from previous steps within a regular grid-cell of 300 m × 300 m in order to monitor disturbance intensities over this 15-years period. The overall accuracy of the baseline forest/non-forest mask (year 2000) and of the undisturbed vs disturbed forest (for selected years) were 93% and 84% respectively. Our results indicate that annual forest disturbance rates, mainly due to logging activities, were higher than annual deforestation rates during the whole period of study. The deforested areas correspond to circa 25% of the areas affected by forest disturbances. Deforestation rates were highest from 2001 to 2005 and then decreased considerably after 2006. In contrast, the annual forest disturbance rates show high temporal variability with a slow decrease over the 15-year period, resulting in a significant increase of the ratio between disturbed and deforested areas. Although the majority of the areas, which have been affected by selective logging during the period 2000–2014, were not deforested by 2015, more than 70% of the deforested areas in 2015 had been at least once identified as disturbed forest during that period.     

羌塘盆地玛曲地区膏岩盖层测井评价

为定量评价羌塘盆地玛曲地区膏岩盖层的封闭质量,基于羌资-16井实际钻遇的一套巨厚膏岩地层,根据膏岩与其它岩石的测井响应特征不同,有效地划分出膏岩地层的深度、厚度。选取厚度、孔隙度、渗透率和排替压力等4种关键参数评价膏岩盖层的封闭质量,并确立各参数的权值和计算方法。结果表明羌资-16井雀莫错组膏岩厚度大,孔隙度、渗透率极低,排替压力高,达到优质盖层标准。利用测井方法评价羌塘盆地玛曲地区膏岩盖层的封隔能力,为该区油气成藏机理研究提供了重要的依据。