Hilbert-semblance method for acoustic logging data processing

We suggest a method of multi-element low-frequency acoustic logging data processing which combines advantages of the semblance and phase velocity processing (PVP) techniques, namely, the interference resistance in the former and better accuracy in the latter. The new method is based on point (windowless) semblance by the Hilbert transformation. The introduced concept of phase semblance makes it possible to estimate the signal distribution semblance and the phase. Also suggested are an algorithm for preliminary estimation of formation S-wave slowness from signal group power variations and improved forms of processed data imaging.     

砂岩型铀矿钻孔原始地质编录数据的采集与管理

介绍了砂岩型铀矿找矿勘探过程中钻孔数据的产生途径、作用及意义,阐述了钻孔数据采集与管理的现状,以及数据库技术在提高砂岩型铀矿钻孔数据采集与管理方面的优势,并对基于钻孔数据库开发的管理系统功能模块进行介绍,有利于砂岩型铀矿钻孔数据采编系统的推广应用。     

华北邯邢地区奥灰中统三组八段测井曲线特征

华北邯邢地区奥陶系中统灰岩平均厚度562m,分为三组八段,与上覆石炭系煤系地层呈不整合关系,为本地区主要含水地层。为消除下组煤开采威胁、有效防治奥灰水,必须对下伏灰岩各组段给予准确划分。根据该区奥陶系中统灰岩的沉积规律和物性特征,对各组段地层的单一测井曲线特征及多种物性曲线组合特征进行分析,确定了物性标志稳定、连续性强、全区可追踪对比的各组段地层醒目划分标志。鉴于本区自然伽马曲线形态的稳定性,利用数理统计方法对本区40个钻孔进行各组段自然伽马峰值几率计算,求得各组段自然伽马峰值几率表,并以东庞矿观2孔自然伽马曲线奥灰地层中的一段（O2f1）为例,介绍使用该表确定灰岩组段的方法。     

储层裂缝识别与评价方法新进展

裂缝发育程度决定着低渗储层的渗流和产出能力,但由于裂缝发育机制的复杂性,故裂缝性油气藏一直是勘探的重点和难点.目前裂缝评价方法多以常规测井资料为主,结合其它分辨率较高的诸如FMI测井、地层倾角测井等.本文列举的计算机层析成像技术、ANN技术、灰色系统评判法是在裂缝研究领域相对有效的识别和评价方法,在油田的现场应用中取得了良好效果.     

测井技术的应用及其在科学钻探研究中的意义

测井技术是从上世纪20年代发展起来,60年代渐趋成熟,现已被广泛应用于油田、煤田等地质勘探工作中.上世纪开始的DSDP(深海钻探)、ODP(大洋钻探)I、CDP(国际大陆科学钻探计划)、KTB(德国的大陆科学钻探计划)等项目采用测井曲线研究古环境、古气候,确定地层性质等方面取得了进展,极大的拓展了地球物理测井在地质上的应用范围,使测井技术由油气、煤炭测井的地层分析上升到测井地质的成因研究,也渗透到提取古气候信息的领域上.我们在柴达木盆地盐湖科学钻探工程中也采用了测井技术,旨在通过与岩芯多指标对比分析,探索应用其指示意义测井技术在石油、盐类资源普查及古环境研究中.     

地震横波勘探及其在浅层岩土分层中的应用

简单论述了横波的基本特点,指出在松散层勘探中,横波勘探的优势主要在于探测精度高且不受饱水度的影响.因此,可以选择地震横波勘探进行第四纪松散层层序划分及厚度探测.并以广州市城市地质调查项目为例,介绍了地震横波勘探在浅层地层勘测中的数据采集方法,分析了地质解释依据,并结合波速测井方法对地层层面进行了划分.分析结果表明了多数岩土层与反射界面有较好的对应关系,用地震横波勘探结合波速测井进行第四纪松散层层序划分及厚度探测是可行的.     

The phase relations between the first arrivals of compressional and shear waves, and their signification to full wave logging

This paper describes the three phenomena observed in full wave experiments： 1. the amplitudes （absolute value） of the first compressional and shear arrivals have the same variation rules; 2. the phases of the first compressional and shear arrivals are always opposite to each other; and 3. the amplitude variation periods of the first compressional and shear arrivals are 2π. A full analysis and interpretation points out that these phenomena should appear under the full wave logging condition. Hence,the basis of using phase diffrences to extract useful information from the full wave is found.     

基于Backus-Gilbert理论的孔隙介质核磁共振弛豫反演

孔隙介质核磁共振(NMR)弛豫数据的多指数反演在NMR测井和岩心分析中均非常重要.本文基于Backus-Gilbert(BG)理论,提出一种NMR弛豫多指数反演的新方法.从解的非唯一性出发,不仅构造出一种解估计,更重要的是评价各种可接受的解估计,通过引入解估计分辨率和解估计方差对解进行评价,找出最佳折中解.通过算例,比较了新方法与传统正则化方法的效果,结果表明新方法具有明显优越性,在低信噪比条件下解稳定.最后分析了新方法的影响因素.     

Contribution of intercepted subsurface flow to road runoff and sediment transport in a logging‐disturbed tropical catchment

Hydrological and sediment fluxes were monitored for a 1 yr period in a tropical headwater catchment where a 3 yr old logging road caused substantial Hortonian overland flow (HOF) and intercepted subsurface flow (ISSF). On a 51·5 m road section, ISSF became an increasingly important component of total road runoff, up to more than 90% for large storms. The proportion of ISSF contributed by road cuts along more or less planar slopes compared with ISSF from a zero‐order basin (convergent slopes) truncated by the road declined with increasing rainfall. During the monitored storms that generated ISSF along the road, on average, 28% of sediment export and 79% of runoff from the road section were directly attributable to ISSF. Estimates of total sediment export from the road surface (170 t ha^?1 yr^?1) and suspended sediment export from the logging‐disturbed catchment (4 t ha^?1 yr^?1) were exceptionally high despite 3 yr of recovery. ISSF caused not only additional road‐generated sediment export, but also exacerbated HOF‐driven erosion by creating a poor foundation for vegetation recovery on the road surface. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

CHFR测井原理及影响因素研究

应用电磁场理论及传输线模型可建立CHFR测井响应方程,应用传输线模型可研究CHFR测井的测量原理及其影响因素.研究表明中场区电场电位二阶导数稳定,电位二阶导数对地层电阻率变化敏感,在套管外仅存在径向分量,该区延伸范围大,通过测量测点中场区的电位二阶导数和电位可实现过套管地层电阻率的测量.测量频率、电极距、水泥环、套管非均质性等因素都对测井响应产生影响.