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156.
亚热带山地土壤的地球化学特征及其与新构造运动的关系 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
对亚热带峨眉山、天目山和凤阳山的列样品研究表明,高、低海拔土壤在矿质风化与淋溶、氧化铁富集与转化、粘粒矿物类型及分布等方面均酷为相似,而这些地球化学特性在相同温差水平带的土壤上却有明显区别,由此推算的新构造运动强度与前人研究结构基本一致。这对阐明山地土壤的发生分类及拓宽新构造运动研究方法等有一定参与价值。 相似文献
157.
Landscape pattern is an important determinant of soil contamination at multiple scales, and a proper understanding of their relationship is essential for alleviating soil contamination and making decisions for land planners. Both soil contamination and landscape patterns are heterogeneous across spaces and scale-dependent, but most studies were carried out on a single scale and used the conventional multivariate analyses (e.g. correlation analysis, ordinary least squared regression-OLS) that ignored the issue of spatial autocorrelation. To move forward, this paper examined spatially varying relationships between agricultural soil trace metal contamination and landscape patterns at three block scales (i.e. 5 km × 5 km, 10 km × 10 km, 15 km × 15 km) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), south China, using geographically weighted regression (GWR). This paper found that GWR performed better than OLS in terms of increasing R square of the model, lowering Akaike Information Criterion values and reducing spatial autocorrelation. GWR results revealed great spatial variations in the relationships across scales, with an increasing explanatory power of the model from small to large block scales. Despite a few negative correlations, more positive correlations were found between soil contamination and different aspects of landscape patterns of water, urban land and the whole landscape (i.e. the proportion, mean patch area, the degree of landscape fragmentation, landscape-level structural complexity, aggregation/connectivity, road density and river density). Similarly, more negative correlations were found between soil contamination and landscape patterns of forest and the distance to the river and industry land (p < 0.05). Furthermore, most significant correlations between soil contamination and landscape variables occurred in the western PRD across scales, which could be explained by the prevailing wind, the distribution of pollutant sources and the pathway of trace metal inputs. 相似文献
158.
实际工程活动与低应力下土石料工程性质密切相关。总结了与低应力条件相关的工程活动,在总结分析以往地震中堤防和坝体滑坡案例的基础上,指出滑坡深度通常小于7 m,其上覆有效应力大多小于100 kPa。在对106组地震液化数据资料分析的基础上,指出地基液化大多发生在上覆有效应力低于100 kPa的低应力条件下。在目前的研究中,通常只关注中、高应力条件下土石料的工程性质。在应用中低应力区的土石料计算参数取值通常与中、高应力条件下获得的强度和变形参数一致,而高、低应力条件下土石料的强度和变形特性是不同的,这种计算参数取值方法的适用性存在疑虑。因此,研究低应力条件下土石料的工程性质,探讨数值计算中低应力条件下土石料计算参数的取值方法,具有重要的工程意义和科学价值。 相似文献
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The Caatinga (dryland) biome of Brazil is experiencing accentuated desertification due to deforestation and inappropriate uses of its natural resources. Studies examining the diversity of filamentous fungi in Caatinga soils are still scarce and the present work was designed to isolate and identify the soil fungi of this biome in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Soil samples were taken at five random sites during the dry and rainy seasons from the soil surface and at depths of 20 cm. A total of 85 species of filamentous fungi were identified, including species of anamorphic fungi (71 species), Zygomycota (8) and Ascomycota (6). The most abundant genera were Aspergillus (28) and Penicillium (18). No significant differences were observed in the numbers of colony forming units in samples taken during either the rainy or dry seasons, or from surface or subsurface soils. Most of the fungi species isolated from caatinga soils were classified as rare. Our results indicate that anamorphic fungi dominate the soil mycobiota in the Brazilian semiarid region, with species of Aspergillus and Penicillium being most common. 相似文献
160.
The correlation between specific activities of some natural radionuclides (238U, 226Ra, 232Th, 40K) measured in sediment taken from river bottom was studied. The sediment was taken from the Serbian part of the Danube River. Good correlation between some of the isotopes is observed, so that their specific activity ratios are spread over a lower range than specific activities themselves. This suggests that evaluation of specific activity ratios of some natural radionuclides could be a more sensitive method for the determination of increased levels of some of them than the straightforward analysis of specific activities. 相似文献