淮北城市空间结构演化及优化研究

运用Arcgis软件,将淮北市建市以来4次城市规划用地现状图进行对比,比较了不同时期城市外部形态指数、城市空间扩展规模、扩展速度和扩展强度、各主要用地类型规模及异质性指数。认为淮北城市空间经历了4个发展阶段,外部形态由早期的相对紧凑逐渐走向分散布局,并再次向紧凑布局演化;城市空间以夹符铁路为轴线沿东北—西南——东南向呈"C"形扩展;城市内部的工业用地、居住用地以及商业及公共设施用地规模不断扩张,相互之间也不断取代形成空间重构。从区域竞合关系、资源基础、交通区位、以及城市空间结构现状出发,认为未来淮北城市空间以东向、南向扩展为宜,内部以合理调控各功能用地空间组合、完善城市功能为主。     

Assessment of soil–pile–structure interaction influencing seismic response of mid-rise buildings sitting on floating pile foundations

The role of the seismic soil–pile–structure interaction (SSPSI) is usually considered beneficial to the structural system under seismic loading since it lengthens the lateral fundamental period and leads to higher damping of the system in comparison with the fixed-base assumption. Lessons learned from recent earthquakes show that fixed-base assumption could be misleading, and neglecting the influence of SSPSI could lead to unsafe design particularly for structures founded on soft soils. In this study, in order to better understand the SSPSI phenomena, a series of shaking table tests have been conducted for three different cases, namely: (i) fixed-base structure representing the situation excluding the soil–structure interaction; (ii) structure supported by shallow foundation on soft soil; and (iii) structure supported by floating (frictional) pile foundation in soft soil. A laminar soil container has been designed and constructed to simulate the free field soil response by minimising boundary effects during shaking table tests. In addition, a fully nonlinear three dimensional numerical model employing FLAC3D has been adopted to perform time-history analysis on the mentioned three cases. The numerical model adopts hysteretic damping algorithm representing the variation of the shear modulus and damping ratio of the soil with the cyclic shear strain capturing the energy absorbing characteristics of the soil. Results are presented in terms of the structural response parameters most significant for the damage such as foundation rocking, base shear, floor deformation, and inter-storey drifts. Comparison of the numerical predictions and the experimental data shows a good agreement confirming the reliability of the numerical model. Both experimental and numerical results indicate that soil–structure interaction amplifies the lateral deflections and inter-storey drifts of the structures supported by floating pile foundations in comparison to the fixed base structures. However, the floating pile foundations contribute to the reduction in the lateral displacements in comparison to the shallow foundation case, due to the reduced rocking components.     

Gravitational clustering of galaxies in an expanding universe

We inquire the phenomena of clustering of galaxies in an expanding universe from a theoretical point of view on the basis of thermodynamics and correlation functions. The partial differential equation is developed both for the point mass and extended mass structures of a two-point correlation function by using thermodynamic equations in combination with the equation of state taking gravitational interaction between particles into consideration. The unique solution physically satisfies a set of boundary conditions for correlated systems and provides a new insight into the gravitational clustering problem.     

合肥义城地区土壤重金属污染评价中典型插值方法的对比

空间插值对于土壤中重金属元素的空间分布及污染评价具有重要意义。对合肥义城地区土壤中的Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、As、Hg等污染重金属元素,以常用且具有代表性的反距离加权法、径向基函数法、普通克里格法,进行了空间插值的对比验证分析和评价。通过对各种元素的空间插值各种误差进行综合比较的结果表明：Cu、Pb、As元素采用普通克里格法进行插值结果最优,而Zn元素采用反距离加权法最优,对于Cd、Hg元素则径向基函数插值法最优。     

南大巴山西北段镇巴—下高川地区地质构造解析

在南大巴山西北段镇巴—下高川地区进行1∶50 000地质填图基础上,通过对地质构造现象野外的详细观测,运用持平投影的构造几何学和运动学等方法对主要断层面擦痕和断层两侧不对称褶皱枢纽以及褶皱两翼产状进行统计分析和构造解析,结合区域沉积资料和地质年代学资料,对该区构造进行构造序列分析,并探讨南大巴山构造带的变形时限、动力学机制及其演化。研究表明:南大巴山西北段镇巴—下高川地区断裂构造特征表现为高角度逆冲推覆兼有右行走滑性质的叠瓦式逆冲推覆构造;与逆冲推覆构造相关褶皱多为轴面东倾西倒的同斜褶皱和斜歪褶皱,而且由东向西褶皱紧闭程度逐渐减弱,表明逆冲推覆方向由东向西,扩展方式为前展式。该区是在印支期扬子地块与秦岭造山带全面碰撞造山作用基础上,在燕山期中—晚期整个大巴山构造系由北东向南西方向大规模的陆内造山,形成了现今的构造几何形态,其中右行走滑构造是燕山期中—晚期(J3-K2)逆冲推覆构造持续向西南推移过程中形成的。     

On the relation between orbital structure and observed bar morphology

We investigate the morphological relation between the orbits of the central family of periodic orbits ( x ₁ family) and the bar itself using models of test particles moving in a barred potential. We show that different bar morphologies may have as a backbone the same set of x ₁ periodic orbits. We point out that by populating initially axisymmetric stellar discs exponentially with test particles in circular, or almost circular motion, we may end up with a response bar which reveals a shape different in crucial details from that of the individual stable x ₁ orbits. For example, a bar model in which the x ₁ orbits are pure ellipses may have a much more complicated response morphology. This depends on the particular invariant curves around x ₁, which are populated in each model.     

福建若干基础地质问题及研究方向探讨

就当前福建基础地质调查研究中涉及的华夏古陆，岩浆构造活动，地质构造等有关问题研究现状及各自不同认识作初步归纳。并对其进一步研究方向作粗浅探讨。     

云开地区断裂构造对金矿的控制作用

云开地区断裂构造对金矿的控制主要表现在两个方面：其一,断裂带带内的大断裂及大断裂的次级断裂,分别控制着区内的金矿带、矿带内的主要金矿床（点）及金矿体;其二,断裂构造的力学性质、活动期次及构造岩发育程度等,控制或影响着金矿的矿石组构特征、矿化期次及矿化强度等。本文还对断裂构造的控矿机制进行了探讨。     

翔安海底公路隧道陆域段变形控制措施研究

翔安隧道是我国第一条大跨公路海底隧道,其两端陆域段位于富水的强风化岩层中,地质条件极为复杂。隧道施工期间,部分断面发生了较大变形,超过了预留变形量,给二次衬砌的施工造成了影响,而且过大的变形有时还会导致隧道围岩失稳,应寻求一套合理的变形控制措施。基于现场监测数据和施工记录,并结合数值方法,对隧道施工过程中所采取的工程措施的作用效果进行了研究。结果表明,增设锁脚锚管、加强临时支护及管井降水等工程措施都可以在一定程度上减小隧道支护结构的变形,但在地质条件较差的富水强风化岩层中修建大跨公路隧道时,将两种或多种工程措施的组合起来使用效果更佳。例如,在采用降水（连续墙）＋加强临时支护＋锁脚锚管的组合方案后,隧道的拱顶下沉减小了46 %～60 %,水平收敛也减小了约30 %。这些措施可为今后类似工程提供一定的参考。