ADCP对悬浮沉积物浓度的测量及其误差分析研究

为实时、连续地测量海水中悬浮沉积物,利用声学多普勒海流剖面仪(ADCP),可以在测流的同时,测量海洋悬浮沉积物浓度。描述了利用后散射强度,估计悬浮沉积物浓度的原理。在现场测试中,利用采水器采集水样,通过水样分析并结合声信号的衰减特征对AI)CP的测量结果进行修正。作者还结合现场测试结果,对这一测量方法的精度进行了分析。现场实验表明,经公式校正后,ADCP测得的后散射强度与实测水样所获得的悬浮沉积物浓度之间有很好的相关性,相关系数达0．88,由此证明,此测量方法具有很好的实用价值和应用前景。     

现场粒径分析仪与ADCP同步测量悬浮沉积物浓度的粒径修正方法

利用后散射强度(ABS)估计悬浮沉积物浓度原理,根据Rayleigh散射理论,给出了利用现场粒径分析仪与声学多普勒流速剖面仪(ADCP)同步测量悬浮沉积物浓度的粒径修正方法,并推导出了一种新的、用于对ABS进行粒径修正的等效粒径计算公式(9)。利用这一公式并结合LISST-100所测的粒径分布信息,可以对ADCP所测的ABS进行粒径修正,其修正方法见式(10)。结合利物浦湾和Anglesey周边海域的现场采样、测量及其分析结果,对上述粒径修正方法进行了验证。分析结果表明,采用上述公式进行粒径修正后,ADCP测量悬浮沉积物浓度的精度有较大程度的提高,线性拟合的相关系数从0．65-0．71提高到0．78-0．88。     

船基激光法波浪测量仪器的研究

介绍了船基激光法波浪测量仪器研制的可行性。船载激光测波是利用舰船作测量平台,在水面上方设置激光测距装置,以一定的频率测量探头与水面的垂直距离,分析所测距离信号的变化规律,可以得出波浪高度、周期等信息,描述出波浪的形态和变化规律。文章提出了测量原理,分析了可能遇到的测量误差,给出了相应的解决措施,得出了研究开发船基激光法波浪测量仪器的可行性结论。     

ADCP声波流速流向剖面仪在海洋环境监测与评价中的应用

在简述ADCP声波流速流向剖面仪基本原理的基础上，结合几个典型的环境监测工程实例，简单地介绍了该技术在香港特别行政区海洋环境质量监测、海洋工程环境评价等方面的应用成果。工程应用的实际结果表明，采用ADCP技术能够获得良好的环境监测效果，阐明了这一技术在环境质量监测应用方面的重要性和有效性。     

基于ADCP湾口测流的纳潮量计算

通过ADCP(声学多普勒海流剖面仪)在胶州湾湾口走航观测,得到胶州湾口团岛到薛家岛断面在春季和秋季的大潮、小潮的海流资料,对观测的流量值进行时间积分,从而得到胶州湾的纳潮量.计算得到胶州湾纳潮量为10.117×108 m3,同以往其他算法的结果相差在10%以内.     

利用ADCP和LISST-100仪观测悬浮物浓度的研究

利用黄河口海床基声学多普勒流速剖面仪(ADCP)的周日观测资料对悬浮物浓度进行了反演,反演过程中综合考虑了球面扩散、声学近场的非球面扩散、海水和悬浮颗粒的吸收衰减以及其他因素对回声信号的影响,结果表明在粒径保持相对稳定的情况下,利用ADCP仪回声强度反演悬浮物浓度具有较高的精度.结合现场激光粒度仪(LISST-100)测得的粒径分布信息在反演过程中考虑了粒径修正,重点讨论了观测区域粒径变化对结果的影响,结果表明粒径的剧烈变化会降低体积后向散射强度与悬浮物浓度之间的相关性.大颗粒物质的存在使计算得到的悬浮物浓度偏高,粒径修正虽然在一定程度上消除了这种影响,但线性拟合的相关性并未提高.     

Variability of Current Structure Due to Meso-Scale Eddies on the Bottom Slope Southeast of Okinawa Island

The relationship between the vertical profile of current on the bottom slope southeast of Okinawa Island and the offshore meso-scale eddy propagated from the east was examined by combined use of the data obtained by a moored upward-looking ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler), PIES (Inverted Echo Sounder with Pressure gauge), hydrographic surveys and satellite altimetry during a period from November 2000 to August 2001. The variability of current component parallel to the isobath in the layer over 600 m is found to be markedly different from that in the layer below 600 m. The current variability in the upper and the lower layer can be well explained by the first and second modes of the EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) decomposition. The PIES and the sea surface height anomaly data suggest that the first mode represents the surface-trapped current associated with the approach of the offshore meso-scale eddy from the east, whereas the second mode has a bottom-intensified structure. The second mode velocity tends to delay to the first mode. The hydrographic data derived from CTD (Conductivity-Temperature-Depth meter) and PIES data along the line across the isobath suggest that the second mode component is generated by the interaction between the meso-scale eddy and the bottom topography.     

Reliability of ADCP data detided with a numerical model on the East China Sea shelf

The reliability of a numerical tide model for detiding acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) data is examined on the East China Sea shelf. The process is adopted for the ADCP data obtained on 12–13 May 2003. The ocean model accompanied by the most precise harmonic constants available to public is used to compute external tides. The root mean square difference is less than 10 cm/s between the detided currents and those using the least squares method, and so the detiding process using the numerical model is available to detect the East China Sea shelf circulation faster than this speed.