美洲斑潜蝇对不同番茄品种的选择性

[目的]明确不同番茄品种对美洲斑潜蝇的选择性差异.[方法]在温湿度恒定的小气候环境中,研究了美洲斑潜蝇对18个不同番茄品种及材料的选择性.通过零频率估计法测定了美洲斑潜蝇幼虫的种群密度,同时调查虫情指数.[结果]美洲斑潜蝇对不同番茄品种的选择性存在差异.野生番茄品种ZBNH11的虫情指数最低,其次是包头市农业科学研究所选育出的15个番茄品种及材料,而引进的钻红八号和普罗旺斯的虫情指数最高.[结论]研究结果为合理利用抗性品种减轻美洲斑潜蝇危害提供了理论依据.     

Additional evidence on some relationship between Seismic Electric Signals (SES) and earthquake focal mechanism

Investigating the period 1983–1994 for western Greece, a possible correlation between the selectivity characteristics of the SES (seismic electric signals of the VAN method) and earthquake parameters has been reported by Uyeda et al. [Uyeda, S., Al-Damegh, K.S., Dologlou, E., Nagao, T., 1999. Some relationship between VAN seismic electric signals (SES) and earthquake parameters, Tectonophysics, 304, 41–55.]. They found that the earthquake source mechanism changed from largely strike-slip type to thrust type at the end of 1987, and this coincided with a shift in the SES sensitive site from Pirgos (PIR) to Ioannina (IOA) VAN station. Here, we report the results for the period January 1, 2002–July 25, 2004, during which the SES sensitive site of PIR became again active, after a 10-year period of “quiescence”. This activation was followed by strike slip earthquakes (on August 14, 2003 and March 17, 2004 with magnitude 6.4 and 6.5, respectively) in the Hellenic arc, which provides additional evidence on the correlation reported by Uyeda et al. The SES activities recorded at PIR have been discriminated from “artificial” noise by employing the natural time-domain analysis introduced recently.     

电解质浓溶液的离子选择电极选择系数的测定

采用干扰离子的加入法，并利用Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ方程，获得了离子选择电极在高浓度电解质溶液中的干扰离子选择系数。给出了实验原理、实验过程及测定结果，并与常用的分别溶液法和混合溶液法的测定结果进行了比较和讨论。采用干扰离子的加入法测定高浓度电解质溶液中离子选择电极的选择系数，更好地反映了在高浓度电解质溶液中离子选择电极对干扰离子的电位响应。     

南海底拖网方、菱目网囊选择性研究

1997年 6月～ 1 998年 7月 ,使用 3种网目尺寸的方形网目网囊和一种网目尺寸的菱形网目网囊 ,在南海北部珠江口以外海域水深 3 5～ 96m拖网渔场进行了总共 2 6个有效网次的捕鱼对比试验 ,获得了关于蛇鲻、绯鲤、金线鱼 3种鱼种的选择性参数。结果表明 ,方形网目网囊比菱形网目网囊具有更好的选择性能 ,对于保护南海幼鱼资源是有效的     

GRAPHICS FOR LINEARITY AND SELECTIVITY AND PREDICTION DIAGNOSTICS FOR MULTICOMPONENT SPECTRA

Modern scanning infrared reflectance/absorption spectroscopes measure absorptions or reflectance at asequence of around 1000 wavelengths. Training data may consist of 10-100 carefully designed samplemixtures whose true compositions are either known by formulation or accurately determined by wetchemistry. In future, one wishes to predict the true composition of a newly presented sample from itsspectrum. Varying compositions of a mixture of three sugars in water are used for illustration of severaldifferent graphical techniques; the spectral measurements here are near-infrared (NIR) absorbances, butthere is nothing exclusively infrared about the methodology. Graphs display the adequacy of a linearexplanation of absorbance variability at each wavelength by wavelength linearity plots. These highlightregions of the spectrum where non-linearities and interaction effects are substantial. By selecting out thesesubstantially non-linear regions, one can concentrate on linear formulae for prediction with resultantrobust linear modelling. Such selections are further aided by plots which identify the component sugarfor which each wavelength is most selective. Such plots offer rather natural pre-screening as an alternativeor supplement to the wavelength selection method of Brown. We also display prediction diagnostics (R, Rx) which on a sample-by-sample basis may diagnose aparticularly unusual presented spectrum. These diagnostics are shown to have predictive import for avalidation data set.     

方目网囊对蓝圆鲹和多齿蛇鲻的选择性比较

为检测方目网囊对蓝圆鱼参和多齿蛇鲻的选择作用 ,2 0 0 0年 1 1～ 1 2月在南海北部海域试验了 4种目大的方目网囊。结果表明 ,方形网目网囊有利于释放纺缍形 (如蓝圆 鱼参)、圆形或近圆形 (如多齿蛇鲻 )两种形体鱼类的小、幼鱼 ,且对后者的释放效果更好。当网囊目大分别为 45、5 0mm时 ,蓝圆鱼参的5 0 %选择体长 (L0 .5)分别为 1 2 1 2 2、1 2 8 77mm ;当网囊目大分别为 40、45、5 0mm时 ,多齿蛇鲻的L0 5分别为 1 2 4 1 2、1 2 6 75、1 3 9 3 2mm。通过不同目大网囊对蓝圆鱼参、多齿蛇鲻选择性比较分析 ,发现 5 0mm目大方目网囊的选择效果好于 40、45mm目大的网囊 ,因此 ,在南海区拖网渔业中采用 5 0mm目大的方目网囊是必要的 ,同时建议将 1 5 0mm作为蓝圆鱼参、多齿蛇鲻的最小可捕叉长标准。     

拖网选择性引起的鱼类表型性状选择差的初步研究

本文应用数值模拟的方法,研究了拖网选择性引起的鱼类表型性状(生长速率K、极限体长L∞、初次性成熟年龄Am)的选择差,通过假设不同的白噪音CV、自然死亡系数M、极限体长L∞、种群的样本大小Ss及网目尺寸Ms来估算鱼类表型性状的选择差在最大捕捞死亡系数逐渐加强时的变化情况。模拟结果表明捕捞死亡系数越大,造成的K、L∞、Am选择差也越大,并且Am的选择差增大的速率比K、L∞的小。白噪音越大,自然死亡系数越大,种群受捕捞影响产生的K、L∞、Am的选择差越大;极限体长的大小和种群的样本大小对K、L∞、Am的选择差的影响不大;网目尺寸越大,K、L∞、Am的选择差越小。随着最大捕捞死亡系数的增大,种群的生长速率变大,极限体长变小,初次性成熟年龄提前。表明了捕捞压力造成鱼类生存环境的变化,鱼类种群发生自适应进化响应,表现在表型性状的变化,且捕捞强度越大,环境差异越大,导致的表型性状选择差越大。     

Effect of alcohol and polyglycol ether frothers on foam stability,bubble size and coal flotation

The frothers of alcohol family (MIBC and Alpha-terpineol) were compared with polyglycol ethers (DF-1012) in terms of two phase characterization parameters like foamability, foam stability, surface activity and bubble size distribution. In this research, fundamental two phase frother characterization parameters were linked with three phase coal flotation behavior.