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271.
The purpose of this paper is to present an extensive evaluation of the methods to calculate the fractal dimension of natural fracture surfaces. Three methods; variogram analysis (VA), power spectral density (PSD), and roughness-length method (RMS) are applied to 2-D surface data (PSD) and 1-D profiles (VA and RMS) extracted from the surface data of 54 mm diameter crystallized limestone samples. Surface topography of the samples is quantified through a newly designed fully automated device. Before the application, self-affinity of the surface roughness and the applicability of these methods are validated using synthetically generated fractal surfaces. Fractal dimension values of the profiles are obtained as between 1 and 1.5 with a few exceptions. VA and RMS methods yield consistent fractal dimensions while the PSD values are lower than those of the other two methods. In terms of practical applicability, the VA is found more convenient than other two methods because there still exists shortcomings with the PSD and RMS methods due to difficulties in the mathematical analysis of the plots whose slopes are used in the computation of fractal dimension. However, it is observed that the data of limited size fracture surfaces are convenient for fractal analysis and the results are promising for further applications if the fracture surface size is restricted like cores recovered from deep boreholes. 相似文献
272.
周立 《地球科学与环境学报》1998,(Z1)
本文提供一种用PLD器件设计任意地址范围译码器的简便方法。该方法给出了利用地址区间边界值直接写出地址译码逻辑式的三个设计规则和为进一步简化设计过程的两个补充设计规则。本设计方法对于用FM软件进行PLD器件开发非常方便和实用。 相似文献
273.
柔性尾鳍推进装置的机构综合与优化设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据柔性尾鳍推进装置所需达到的性能特性要求,本文对该装置进行了机构综合与优化设计,以改善其水动力性能,提高其推进效率。 相似文献
274.
275.
276.
黄新召 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(6):173-174
静力水准自动化监测系统具有精度高、自动化性能好、可实时监测等特点,在自动化监测领域得到广泛的应用。本文结合港珠澳大桥拱北隧道静力水准自动化监测项目的应用实践,对静力水准自动化监测系统的测量原理、现场安装方法、系统调试、数据采集与分析及监测精度等方面进行了论述。从工程的完成情况及数据反映来看,静力水准自动化监测系统的应用取得了较好的成果,可以较稳定地替代人工进行施工期内的隧道监测。 相似文献
277.
利用ICP-MS研究桂林寨底地下河系统中碳酸盐岩稀土元素特征及其形成环境 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
氢化物发生与ICP-MS联用(HG-ICP-MS)可降低基体效应和多原子离子干扰,本文自制了一种与ICP-MS联用的氢化物发生装置,该装置采用三通将酸、碱和试样引入多接头的混合反应器中,再经自行设计的气液分离器随载气进入等离子体中,据此建立了HG-ICP-MS测定地质样品中稀散元素锗和碲的分析方法。实验中以20%盐酸+2%硼氢化钾(0.1%氢氧化钾介质)作为最佳氢化物发生反应体系,0.95 L/min为最佳载气流量,获得分析信号的灵敏度和稳定性较高,连续测定20次Ge和Te信号强度的相对标准偏差分别8.3%和2.1%,残余在ICP-MS中的Ge和Te信号强度在200 s内基本清洗完毕。Ge和Te检出限分别为0.007 μg/g和0.006 μg/g,其中Te检出限比采用敞口四酸溶样ICP-MS直接测定的检出限(0.1 μg/g)更低,应用于分析实际样品可给出准确结果。 相似文献
278.
Summary The mechanical and hydromechanical behaviour of isolated rock joints is of prime importance for a correct understanding of
the behaviour of jointed rock masses. This paper focuses on the mechanical behaviour of a fracture under normal stress (fracture
closure), using approaches based on both experimentation and modelled analysis. Experimental closure tests were carried out
by positioning four displacement transducers around a fracture, leading to results which tended to vary as a function of transducer
location. Such variations can be explained by the non-constant void space distribution between both walls of the fracture.
The present study focuses on the importance of transducer location in such a test, and on the significant role played, in
terms of mechanical response, by the morphology of the fracture surfaces.
An analytical mechanical model is then developed, which takes into account the deformation of surface asperities and of the
bulk material surrounding the fracture; it also includes the effects of mechanical interaction between contact points. The
model is validated by simulating the behaviour which is very similar to experimental observations. Various parametric studies
(scale effect, spatial distribution of contact points) are then carried out. The study of scale effects reveals a decrease
in the normal stiffness with increasing fracture size. Finally, analysis of the role of various mechanical parameters has
shown that the most influential of these is Young’s modulus corresponding to the bulk material surrounding the joint. Many
applications, such as geothermal fluid recovery from fractures, could benefit from these results.
Correspondence: Antoine Marache, Université Bordeaux 1, GHYMAC, Av. des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France 相似文献
279.
James B. S. G. Greensky Wojciech Walter Czech David A. Yuen Michael Richard Knox Megan Rose Damon Shi Steve Chen M. Charley Kameyama 《Visual Geosciences》2008,13(1):105-115
We have developed a new strategy and espouse a novel paradigm for large-scale computing and real-time interactive visualization.
This philosophy calls for intense interactive sessions for a couple of hours at a time at the expense of storing data on many
disk drives during regular or heroic runs on massively parallel systems. We have already carried out successfully real-time
volume-rendering visualization by employing hundreds of processors for a grid with over 25 million unknowns. Both Cartesian
and spherical 3D mantle convection are visualized. The volume-rendered images are viewed on a large display device, with many
panels holding around 13 million pixels. We will employ a software strategy involving an hierarchical rendering service, which
will have as software an Ajax interface for interactive visualization of large data sets on many different platforms from
desktop PC’s to hand-held devices, such as the OQO and the Nokia N-800. An option for stereo viewing is also implemented.
We have installed a user interface as web application, using Java and Ajax framework in order to achieve over the Internet
reasonable accessibility to our ongoing runs. Our goal is to expand the array of interactive devices, which will make it feasible
to carry out ubiquitous visualization and monitoring of large-scale simulations or onsite events and to allow for collaborations
across oceans. 相似文献
280.
根据密度三侧向探管的工作原理,对该探管在工作中常出现的电源不振荡,直流高压过低,三侧向电路的供电不足、电流不反馈、部分档位误差大,数字传输不正确,放射性输出重复突变、面板无显示或测井无输出等故障现象进行剖析,指出各类故障的易发位置、器件名称与标准指示值,提出了排除故障时应采取的检查方法及相关程序。 相似文献