海藻糖类的气相色谱分析 Ⅲ.红藻糖苷的提取与测定

以气相色谱法分析红藻中游离低分子碳水化合物红藻糖苷。结果表明,红藻糖苷可以用80％的乙醇提取,然后用除色素除盐,经硅醚化后用气相色谱进行定性与定量分析;对于影响提取与硅醚化的各种因素进行了研讨,并与传统的苯酚硫酸法进行了比较。     

海藻组分抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶活性研究

采用乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂活性筛选模型对采自青岛沿海的22种海藻样品提取物的石油醚组分和乙酸乙酯组分进行了活性筛选.结果表明,22种海藻的石油醚组分均具有不同程度的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性,其中亮管藻、海头红、鸭毛藻和孔石莼表现出较强的活性,在浓度为50μg/ml时的抑制率均大于50.0%,分别为50.5%、55.5%、56.6%和65.8%;其他大部分海藻的抑制率在30.1%到48.9%之间.与石油醚组分不同的是,只有少数海藻的乙酸乙酯组分表现出乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性,其中鸭毛藻的活性最为显著,在浓度为25μg/ml时抑制率高达71.8%;孔石莼的乙酸乙酯组分也具有较强的抑制活性;其余海藻的乙酸乙酯组分对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性较弱,有些不仅没有活性,反而表现出不同程度的增强作用.     

海藻提取物的抗旱性研究

对不同提取方法获得的海藻提取物在黄瓜叶面上进行喷施效果试验,测定土壤绝对含水量,抗旱系数,叶片相对含水量,叶片自由水、束缚水含量,相对电导率,脯氨酸含量等指标,采用隶属值法进行数据分析,结果表明在9种海藻提取物中,A2(20%海藻提取液)和A7(50%海藻提取液)组增强作物抗旱性最强,具有作为开发研究的可能性。     

海藻、牡蛎提取物HLK及其营养成分的分析

海藻、牡蛎于1993年6－8月采自青岛近海。经恒温水解、脱水浓缩、低温干燥等方法得到海藻、牡蛎提取物HLK。对HLK进行分析测定，结果表明，提取物含有丰富的氨基乙磺酸、多种维生素、多糖类、不饱和脂肪酸、低脂肪以及丰富而适量的钾。钙、锌、铁、铜、碘、硒等多种营养素和矿物质元素。为研制开发海藻、牡蛎保健食品提供科学依据。     

Effects of rapid livelihood transitions: Examining local co-developed change following a seaweed farming boom

This paper examines the development and effects of a rapid livelihood transition on households, and reflects on how it fits within historic trends of livelihood change for people living in highly variable and vulnerable environments. It also discusses the implications of livelihood dynamism for local governance of natural resources. In recent decades, seaweed cultivation has expanded exponentially in coastal communities across the Asia-Pacific. A case study is presented of a remote small-island community in eastern Indonesia where over the last ten years a dramatic shift in livelihood focus has occurred. Previous dependence on diverse low-productivity livelihood activities transitioned to a predominant focus on seaweed farming. The case shows how social, economic and cultural environments co-develop as people move out of conditions of collective poverty and into more nuclear household-oriented livelihood activities. Specific attention is given to the influence on a marine resource co-management program operating on the island to illustrate how local livelihood dynamics relate to broader paradigm-driven conservation and rural development initiatives. While alternative livelihood programs seek to relieve pressure on resource stocks and provide opportunities for coastal people, this case study provides timely insights into the kinds of unintended effects, trends and impacts that are associated with rapid change in the way people make a living. This study argues that, in addition to achieving higher standards of income and well-being, livelihood improvement interventions need to adequately ensure that conditions under which new livelihood arrangements come to function can be maintained locally.     

海藻脂肪酸的气相色谱分析

采用少量海藻样品,加入CH_3OH/HCl做脂肪酸抽提和酯化,一步完成。以正十七碳酸(C_(17:0))作内标,对海藻脂肪酸进行毛细管气相色谱分析。本方法的重现性试验各脂肪酸CV为1.9～11.8%,回收率为82.9—108.2%,仪器重现性CV为0.16—2.7%。