LAMOST CCD相机总控的设计与实现

大天区面积多目标光纤光谱望远镜(LAMOST)使用了16台低色散光谱仪、32台科学级CCD相机对目标进行光谱拍摄。CCD集总控制器MASTER是其32台CCD相机的中枢,它控制CCD按观测需要进行曝光、管理CCD状态和诊断相机故障。针对LAMOST相机系统的结构和UCAM控制器的特点,设计了MASTER系统;介绍了与OCS和UCAM接口的方式,并分析了对命令和状态的管理。     

Voxler在EH4数据资料成图中的应用

通过Voxler三维可视化成图软件进行成图,可方便地对EH4资料进行三维切片等值线图、Vol—Render图和Isosurface图的成图,从而使得EH4资料可以更加直观地展现在使用者面前。     

勇于创新,探索工程设计企业的科学发展

结合中国中元国际工程公司发展实际,探索工程设计企业的科学发展。在由设计企业向工程公司转型的过程中,中国中元国际工程公司采用坚持设计为龙头向工程公司发展的战略目标;坚持技术专业化,发展综合化的运营方向;坚持巩固设计,做强管理,发展承包的工作方针;坚持注重服务,提升品质,两手抓的市场策略等做法取得了一定的成效。     

黑河流域生态—水文观测试验与水—生态集成管理研究

对黑河流域水—生态—经济系统研究的主要内容“流域生态—水文观测试验与流域水—生态集成管理”做了概要论述。认为流域水循环、生态水、集成水管理三大科学问题的解决必需加强该领域的研究;结合黑河流域的前期基础、研究现状和能力建设,提出了近期研究的4个领域：流域水循环、水平衡与可利用水资源;流域生态—水文过程与生态环境用水;人类活动驱动的流域水—生态系统演变;流域生态—水文野外平台与流域集成环境。对此进行了进一步的阐述,对该方面研究的方法论和技术难点亦做了简述。     

Wellbore breakouts of the main borehole of Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling (CCSD) and determination of the present tectonic stress state

The Sulu-Dabie high-pressure (HP)-ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt as the product of subduction-collision between the northern China plate and Yangtze plate underwent a process of formation and evolution from deep subduction→exhumation→extension→slow uplift. The study of its modern tectonic stress field has great significance for a complete understanding of the process of formation and evolution of the HP-UHP metamorphic belt, especially the exhumation and uplift of the belt. Wellbore breakouts are the most visual tectonic phenomenon which can characterize the modern stress action in the main borehole of Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling (CCSD). Ultrasonic borehole televiewer reflection wave data show that wellbore breakouts began to occur at 1216 m depth of the main borehole. A total of 143 borehole televiewer images were collected from 1216 to 5118 m depth (hole completion depth). After data processing and statistics, the average azimuth of the long dimension of the wellbore breakout obtained was 319.5° ± 3.5°, indicating that the average azimuth of the maximum horizontal principal stress causing wellbore breakout initiation was 49.5° ± 3.5°. The maximum and minimum horizontal principal stress values at 52 depths in the interval of 1269 to 5047 m were estimated using the elements of wellbore shapes (wellbore depth and width), combined with the cohesive strength and internal frictional angle of the rock obtained by rock mechanical tests on samples, and the static load stresses at corresponding depths were calculated according to the rock density logging data. The results indicate that: the maximum and minimum horizontal principal stresses are 41.4 and 25.3 MPa at 1269 m depth respectively and 164.7 and 122 MPa at 5047 m depth respectively; the maximum vertical stress is 141.3 MPa at 5047 m depth with a density of 2.8 g/cm³; the in-situ stresses increase nearly linearly with depth. The magnitudes and directions of the three principal stresses reflect that the regional stress field around the CCSD main borehole is mainly in a strike-slip state, which is consistent with the basic features of the regional stress field determined using other methods.     

南岭科学钻探0~2000m地质信息及初步成果

国家深部探测-南岭科学钻探工程(SP-NLSD-1)位于赣南于都县银坑镇,大地构造位置上属于南岭东西向构造-岩浆-成矿带与武夷北东向成矿带的交汇结合部位,是研究重要成矿带地壳结构、深部成矿机制的最佳地区之一。南岭科学钻探于2011.6.25开孔,2013.7.22终孔,总进尺2967.83m,岩心已全部准确归位。课题组建立了矿集区内科学钻探的精细编录方法,建立了岩性、构造、矿化、地球化学、岩石物性等精细剖面。钻孔于1373.71m揭露了区域上控岩控矿的F1推覆构造,其上为青白口系库里组火山碎屑岩地层,其下为二叠系乐平组-车头组-小江边组(栖霞组)海陆交互相地层;揭露了丰富的岩浆活动信息,0~2000m共见29层花岗质岩浆岩脉,主要岩性有流纹斑岩、花岗斑岩、闪长玢岩和花岗闪长斑岩;发现了浅部细脉-网脉-浸染状铅锌铜金银矿化百余处,深部发现了细脉-浸染状钨铋矿化信息,初步实现了南岭科学钻探的预期目标。     

中国大陆科学钻探主孔0-4000m岩心的裂变径迹年龄测定

对中国大陆科学钻探（CCSD）主孔0～4000的岩心样进行了裂变径迹年龄测定。在不同深度共测定了38个样品的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄，磷灰石的裂变径迹年龄数据分布在98．6-3．2Ma之间，年龄值的变化规律总体上是随钻孔深度的增加而逐渐减少，地表样的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄是87．1Ma，至3899m深处则为3．2Ma，基于磷灰石中裂变径迹的退火特征，反映出地壳温度随深度的增加而增加的规律。年龄值随深度的变化，也有若干波动，尤其是1550～2450m之间的这部分岩心，在年龄随深度变化的趋势上是不连续的，这部分岩体可以认为是一个重要的构造作用带。根据年龄一深度关系和约束径迹长度的分布特征，对超高压变质岩体的后期折返机制进行了探讨。     

Chinese Earth Science at Its Turning Point

Since 2010, China has become the second biggest publisher of scientific research papers in the world, but remains far behind the global leadership with regards to the ability of creative innovation. Just like its economy, Chinese science is at a turning point, and the key is to avoid the “Middle-income trap”. Instead of blindly going after quantity of SCI publications, Earth science in China is to address major scientific problems and to perform transition to a new level of innovative researches. This is a written speech to the 4^th Conference on Earth System Science,Shanghai.     

Evaluation of the oil and gas preservation conditions,source rocks,and hydrocarbon-generating potential of the Qiangtang Basin: New evidence from the scientific drilling project

The Qiangtang Basin of the Tibetan Plateau, located in the eastern Tethys tectonic domain, is the largest new marine petroliferous region for exploration in China. The scientific drilling project consisting primarily of well QK-1 and its supporting shallow boreholes for geological surveys (also referred to as the Project) completed in recent years contributes to a series of new discoveries and insights into the oil and gas preservation conditions and source rock evaluation of the Qiangtang Basin. These findings differ from previous views that the Qiangtang Basin has poor oil and gas preservation conditions and lacks high-quality source rocks. As revealed by well QK-1 and its supporting shallow boreholes in the Project, the Qiangtang Basin hosts two sets of high-quality regional seals, namely an anhydrite layer in the Quemo Co Formation and the gypsum-bearing mudstones in the Xiali Formation. Moreover, the Qiangtang Basin has favorable oil and gas preservation conditions, as verified by the comprehensive study of the sealing capacity of seals, basin structure, tectonic uplift, magmatic activity, and groundwater motion. Furthermore, the shallow boreholes have also revealed that the Qiangtang Basin has high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks in the Upper Triassic Bagong Formation, which are thick and widely distributed according to the geological and geophysical data. In addition, the petroleum geological conditions, such as the type, abundance, and thermal evolution of organic matter, indicate that the Qiangtang Basin has great hydrocarbon-generating potential.©2023 China Geology Editorial Office.     

中国南极科学考察第24航次大气CO2遥感算法及其在第26航次中的应用分析

利用中国南极科学考察第24航次采集的大气CO₂浓度与AIRS的大气红外辐亮度进行统计回归,获取两者间的拟合关系。与该航次随机选取的60°S附近验证点比较,平均相对偏差为1.09%。同时,将拟合函数应用于对应第26航次同位置、近时间点的AIRS大气辐射值,其结果和第26航次走航数据进行比对,平均相对偏差为2.12%。对比同纬度下第24航次的精度,其精度有明显的下降,结果表明,利用统计回归的计算方式具有一定的局限性。