十三陵抽水蓄能电站上池西外坡岩体稳定分析

上池西外坡岩体稳定是十三陵抽水蓄能电站主要的地质工程问题之一,由于受到倾向池外的数条缓倾角断层以及不良的岩体结构控制,存在着滑动位移、变形失稳的可能性,电站的安全运行受到潜在的威胁。因此对西外坡岩体进行稳定分析,并进行补强处理是必要的。     

Safety culture and hazard risk perception of Australian and New Zealand maritime pilots

A survey of the safety culture and hazard risk perception has been carried out involving 77 maritime pilots around Australia and New Zealand, representing more than the 20% of the maritime pilots in each country, in proportional geographic distribution. In 82% of the cases, interviews were carried out face-to-face, based on a questionnaire designed to be completed in less than 1 hour. Questions on 4 different aspects were asked, relating to each pilot's professional background, safety culture and perception of risks, navigation and pilotage hazards and their perception of the pilot's role. The responses indicated that there are issues with regulator identification, commercial pressures on pilots in some locations, incident reporting mechanisms and feedback, training opportunities and improved bridge resource management. In addition to reviewing comments made by pilots, the paper also presents recommendations for consideration in improving operational performance and safety of navigation in ports and regulated waterways. These recommendations can be used by regulators to improve their performance concerning pilotage matters and understand pilots’ concerns.     

3-D geometric modeler for rapid ship safety assessment

CAD systems are used broadly in the shipbuilding industry. CAD systems for naval architecture are a useful tool for hull form, internal arrangement and the structural design of ships. These systems require high precision and expertise for efficient use. Therefore, these systems are not appropriate in supporting emergency responses, which require rapid modeling even if it generates some errors.This paper describes a geometric modeler for rapid ship safety assessment. The modeler is developed based on the 3-D geometric modeling kernel ACIS. The definition of hull form, internal arrangement and major longitudinal structural members is a fundamental function of the modeler. The developed modeler is interfaced with other applications used for ship safety assessment such as hydrostatic calculation, ship motion analysis in wave condition, longitudinal strength analysis and so on. In addition, it can generate a new ship model by making variations in a previously defined ship model.     

《海洋有害藻华(赤潮)监测技术导则》的技术要点

本文对HY／T063-2003《海洋有害藻华(赤潮)监测技术导则》的若干技术问题作了扼要阐述，着重说明应用“有害藻华”概念的必要性与依据、《导则》的特点、“有害藻华”监测方案设计的基本原则及其监测技术与质量控制。     

Stability of a sand spit due to dredging in an adjacent creek

The Jatadharmohan creek lies between Mahanadi and Devi Rivers along the Orissa coast and it is separated from the sea by an elongated sand spit. It was proposed to mine a volume of 15×10⁶ m³ of sand from the creek for land filling, but maintaining the spit intact. For this, the stability of sand spit is studied with different criteria. The results confirm that the creek mouth is a near permanent zone of deposition. The model results obtained for various depth scenarios show that the magnitude of currents would increase considerably when depth is increased by 7.0 m and marginally for further increase in depth by 10.0 m. Accordingly, a dredging scheme has to be designed without affecting the spit stability. Considering the existing hydrodynamics in the creek system, it is recommended that a bed slope of 1:6 (9.5°) be maintained during dredging, which is much less than 13.75°—the evaluated critical slope at the site when seepage flow is parallel to the bed slope. It is observed during monitoring that the creek is very productive, and the sand spit is totally intact.     

低角度正断层的形成模式

低角度正断层的形成机制是大陆伸展构造研究中的热点问题之一。关于其形成机制及其与其几何学的关系争论很大。至目前为止，人们根据北美西部及其它地区的变质核杂岩构造研究提出了许多有关低角度正断层的形成模。     

新疆铜镍硫化物矿床地质-地球物理模式及找矿标志

在应用地质地球物理方法普查找矿时,从设计到野外工作,以及对所取得成果资料的解释推断都需要了解研究有关调查地区及探测目标的地质-地球物理条件及其主要特性,以便确定有效的普查找矿方法和提出切合实际的解释推断意见.建立和应用探测目标的地质-地球物理模式,对解决上述问题具有重要意义.我们总结建立了新疆铜镍硫化物矿床地质-地球物理模式,指出了普查寻找这类矿床的主要标志和基本方法.     

岩相古地理研究可作为页岩气地质调查之指南

得益于水平井和压裂技术的发展,页岩气已成为中国油气勘探开发的热点。沉积环境决定了有机质的含量、类型、矿物组成和含量、厚度、埋深等页岩气基本地质要素的特征。在开展区域沉积相研究的基础上,通过岩相古地理编图方法,可以明确烃源岩有利相带的时空分布,从而为页岩气勘探提供基础和方向。以四川盆地南部及邻区志留系龙马溪组为例,通过详细的沉积相及岩相古地理研究,确定了烃源岩的有利相带和空间展布特征。在岩相古地理图的基础上,叠加矿物组成、有机碳含量、成熟度、厚度等页岩气评价参数,预测了四川盆地南部及邻区志留系龙马溪组页岩气远景区和有利区。页岩气地质调查的根本目标是寻找页岩气的远景区和有利区,为页岩气勘探开发提供科学依据。因此,岩相古地理研究与编图可作为基本方法及关键的技术,为页岩气的地质调查工作提供指南。     

引导式在线专题制图模式的设计与实验

当今世界,随着计算机网络和数据采集技术的不断发展,各行各业以及个人用户获取专题数据变得越来越简单,因此,他们对于专题地图的需要也越来越大。这从很大程度上促进了网络专题地图的发展,可是一切事物的出现都是具有两面性的,计算机科学、网络技术的发展,促进了专题地图学发展的同时,也随之而来涌现出了一系列亟待解决的新矛盾。传统制图周期长,对制图者要求高,地图的制作都是由专业制图人员完成,制图过程需要较高的专业知识,制作成本昂贵,地图制作完成后只能静态使用,这与地图需求者期盼信息动态更新、形式自由组合、使用便捷和制作简单等需要产生了明显冲突。本文基于以上用户需求,提出了一个引导式的在线专题制图模式。通过对传统专题地图制作流程进行分析,建立一个在线分步制图流程模式。与此同时,考虑到在线制图的用户层次多种多样,我们需要在每一步制图过程中添加进专家制图引导,协助用户在线快速制作专题地图,从而解决以往用户由专题数据到专题地图过程中遇到的各种问题。     

甘肃省农村民房地基基础及其安全问题

对甘肃省农村非工程结构民房地基进行了分类,对各类型地基基础的特性和存在的安全性问题进行了讨论,提出了提高民房抗震能力的改进措施。认为需要通过技术培训、宣传和民房建设管理等途径来提高农村地区民房建设水平。