面向海上地震资料的τ-p域保幅处理方法

AVO分析和反演需要地震资料处理时最大限度地保持振幅相对关系,然而常规处理中球面扩散补偿、拉伸畸变和多次波均会影响振幅相对关系,海上地震资料尤为严重。提出一套面向海上地震资料的τ-p域保幅处理方法。该方法通过τ-p域无需球面扩散补偿且多次波周期性增强的特点,减少球面扩散补偿与多次波对振幅相对关系的破坏,通过τ-p域拉伸因子非时空变换的特点减少动校拉伸产生的频率和能量畸变。最后通过挪威海上实际资料的处理验证了方法的合理性与可行性。     

基于1.2m望远镜自适应光学系统激光信标转盘式机械快门的研究

基于激光信标发射和接收共光路系统中探测器受杂散光影响的关键问题,设计了一种新型转盘式机械快门装置,对光信号进行高频率开关控制,从而对自适应光学系统的波前探测器起到彻底保护作用.设计时,分析了瑞利信标的采样厚度以及快门开关与脉冲激光器的发射、探测器探测时间的时序控制.     

复杂环境条件下的洞内管井降水技术研究

城市中心密集建筑群使得地铁需长距离穿越既有建（构）筑物,导致地面管井施工作业条件越来越难,降水沉降控制要求也越来越严。从轨道交通工程建设出发,当受施工场地限制时,提出在导洞内施工管井,并对降水导洞的设计、成井机械及施工工法进行了论述。针对施工降水引起的附加沉降,采用地下水三维渗流与地面沉降耦合模型计算软件——Pro-cessing Modflow,建立地下水流场与地面沉降的耦合模型,根据现场监测数据,运用参数修正后的模型,设计不同的抽降方案,分时段进行沉降预测,及时分析施工降水对周围环境的影响程度,可指导类似工程施工,具有重要的工程实际意义。     

Relationships between safety culture aspects – A work process to enable interpretation

Knowledge about the existing safety culture in a maritime organization such as in shipping companies or on board ships can enable the formulation of effective interventions to maintain and improve safety culture and safety in the organization. When assessing the safety culture, questionnaires developed for this purpose are often used. This paper proposes a work process that facilitates the analysis and interpretation of the relationships between safety culture aspects using questionnaire data. The work process includes the use of variable cluster analysis where the cluster solutions are presented in dendrograms. These were found to be an excellent way to visualize complex relationships in the quantitative data and to facilitate the understanding of the safety culture concept. Results are presented from applying the statistical process to safety culture data from six Swedish ships in international traffic. The visualized safety culture results can enable group discussions about safety on different organizational levels and can constitute an important input to the continuous improvement processes for safety and safety culture.     

实体数据模型在航行指南信息组织中的应用

针对当前海图表达航行环境不完备、多种有效信息不能有效集成等不足,提出利用实体数据模型构建航行指南信息数据库的方法。文中介绍了实体数据模型,提出了航行指南信息数据集成的组织方法,构建了航行信息数据模型,并开发了航海图文信息系统,实现了航行指南信息的管理查询和应用。实验表明,基于实体数据模型的航行指南信息组织方法正确、有效。     

Conflicts at sea between artisanal and industrial fishers: Inter-sectoral interactions and dispute resolution in Senegal

Conflicts between artisanal and industrial fishermen—targeting increasingly scarce resources in Senegal—are posing a serious threat to human security and are only symbolically addressed by the country's fisheries governance regime. Severely outmatched in terms of political influence and size, artisanal fishermen are more vulnerable to the fallout of conflicts at sea. The loss of fishing materials threatens the livelihoods of fishermen and their families; collisions and violence between members of the two sectors often result in injury and death. This study examines at-sea interactions between Senegal's artisanal and industrial sectors and the formal and informal mechanisms in place for managing them. Conflictive interactions are found to co-exist alongside cooperative ones and both emerge in response to changes in marine resource abundance and management. Formal systems in place to mediate at-sea conflicts are ineffective and seldom used by artisanal fishermen, who either accept their losses, attempt to informally resolve conflicts with industrial actors or resort to violence.     

USE OF SURFACE GUIDE PANELS AS PIER SCOUR COUNTERMEASURES

1 INTRODUCTION Protection of bridge piers against local scour is of major importance to bridge maintenance. The safety of bridges is seriously threatened by the river flood during typhoons or thunderstorms. In Taiwan typhoon’s floods are often so strong in possession of high energy to transport a large amount of bed sediment in river. The average velocity in a flood river can go typically over 3 m/s even up to 5 m/s, several times of the regular flow speed. The peak discharge of flood i…     

基于AHP法的喀斯特洞穴导游解说词内容构建研究

喀斯特洞穴景观与环境蕴含的科学性与专业性,导游解说词在洞穴旅游中具有极其重要的作用。文章在构建喀斯特洞穴导游解说词内容指标体系的基础上,通过对游客和洞穴专家进行问卷调查,并运用AHP法计算出导游解说词各指标的权重。结果表明:（1）喀斯特洞穴导游解说词的撰写应全面、系统,包含“欢迎词”、“游览须知”、“洞穴概况”、“洞穴景点讲解”、“欢送词”5部分;（2）喀斯特洞穴导游解说词的内容应加大对“游览须知”的阐述,注重对游客的引导和教育;（3）喀斯特洞穴导游解说词的“洞穴概况”和“景点讲解”都应以洞穴科学知识为主线,适当穿插相关神话故事,兼具科学性与趣味性。      

一个高品位铂矿地球化学标样的可行性研究

大岩子铂-铜矿床的富矿石铂含量高达6600×10-9.我国已有的系列铂族元素地球化学标样中缺乏高品位的铂矿地球化学标准物质.通过对大岩子铂-铜矿床富矿石铂矿物粒度的初步研究,发现矿石中有＞5μm的颗粒铂和≤5μm的超微细铂,颗粒铂的粒径介于4.7～11.9μm之间.颗粒铂占矿石样品总铂的0.015%,超微细铂占99.99%,表明该矿石样适合制作高品位铂矿地球化学标准物质.     

Computation of the safety factor for slope stability using discontinuous deformation analysis and the vector sum method

This study introduces the vector sum method into discontinuum-based methods by considering the sliding vector and the stress state of the discrete block system. The sliding direction computation and force projection in the new approach are detailed, and the safety factor is solved by explicit equations. The vector sum method is implemented in the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) program and is used to compute the safety factors for two numerical examples. A comparison of the solutions obtained with the theoretical analysis and limit equilibrium analysis demonstrates that the new method is suitable for calculating the safety factor of a slope.