Inter-regional correlation of transgressions and regressions in the Cretaceous period

Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous.     

北京市建筑设计研究院协同生产平台建设

本文介绍了北京市建筑设计研究院在协同生产平台建设方面的一些经验。     

山西峨嵋台地的挤压型地裂

考察了山西峨嵋台地万荣城区一带的挤压型地裂,发现其呈北西-南东的条带状,1985年发生,至今仍在发展。地裂带上墙砖、水泥地砖拱曲翘起,水泥地面条带状拱曲,土体发育呈波浪条带状垅岗;墙体开裂,墙体裂缝中间宽上下两头细,地裂带上X型破裂发育。分析了万荣城区一带地裂的特征,讨论了万荣挤压型地裂的力学成因机制。     

华北地台岩石放射性元素与现代大陆岩石圈热结构和温度分布

在华北地台1.4×106km2的范围内系统采集了12193个岩石样,组合成1207件分析样,对放射性产热元素K,Th,U进行了测试,同时由国家一级岩石地球化学标准物质监控分析质量．根据岩石中K,Th,U的含量和地壳各结构层的岩石组成,计算了地壳各壳层放射性产热元素的含量,系统研究了华北地台岩石与各时代地层的平均热产生率及其变化,并建立了华北地台现代大陆岩石圈的热结构和温度分布．应用一维稳志热传导模型,求得了华北地台岩石圈的深度-平均地温分布曲线．地表热流密度分布和岩石圈深度-地温分布曲线研究表明,现今华北地台壳内熔融作用不明显。与世界上其他大的稳定克拉通区相比,华北地台地壳活动性较大,具有准地台的特点．     

用数字地震资料探测上地幔深部间断面的研究

对利用数字地震波形资料探测上地幔深部间断面的研究进行了综述,并特别对利用宽频带资料的研究结果进行了介绍。在对80年代以来的研究状况进行概述的基础上,对目前存在的困难进行了分析。     

中扬子地区早三叠世嘉陵江期岩相古地理研究

在中扬子地区下三叠统嘉陵江组中,岩石类型丰富多样,碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩和蒸发岩均有。用单因素分析综合作图法,做出了单因素基础图件5幅及岩相古地理图1幅。在早三叠世嘉陵江期,整个中扬子海域具“四分”特征,即自北而南依次为北缘碳酸盐开阔台地、北部蒸发盐-碳酸盐台地、中央碳酸盐局限台地、南部三角洲。在该时期内,从早到晚,沉积水体曾经历了两次大的海侵、海退,且交替进行。     

熊耳群火山岩形成的构造环境探讨

熊耳群中基－中酸性火山岩系是熊耳山区最为重要的产金层，其形成时代大致相当于华北地区的长城系，为华北地台南缘结晶基底之上的第一套盖层沉积。多年来，中元古代早期华北地台南缘构造框架颇有争议。本文从熊耳群火山岩系的分布形态、与基底的接触关系、常量、微量元素特征、稀土之素特征诸方面证实了熊耳群火山岩系为典型大陆裂谷喷发的产物，并非陆缘火山岛弧成因。     

Re-Os and Nd isotopes of black shales at the bottom of the Lower Cambrian from the northern Tarim Platform and their comparison with those from the Yangtze Platform

This paper reports Re-Os and Nd isotopes of black shales at the bottom of Lower Cambrian from the northern Tarim Basin and traces source materials of the black shales through isotopes. The average Re/Os, 187Re/188Os, and 187Os/188Os ratios of the black shales at the bottom of Lower Cambrian from the Tarim Basin are 7.18, 5.6438, and 1.9616, respectively. These isotopic ratios suggest the crustal sources of the black shales. The εNd(0) value is -13.17, the εNd(540 Ma) value is -7.32 and the Nd model ages are 1.535 Ga. These parameters in the black shales are quite consistent with those from the basement rocks. Based on the Re-Os and Nd isotopic characteristics of the black shales, we conclude that the continental crust mainly composed of basement rocks is the source material of the black shales. Through comparison of these isotopic parameters with those from the Yangtze Platform, it is clear that the Re-Os isotopic characteristics in the black shales from the Tarim and Yangtze platforms are quite different, which maybe indicates the differences in depositional settings between two platforms. These Re-Os isotopic data provide us with constraints to analyze the genetic relation between the two platforms.     

华南上扬子区早-中奥陶世疑源类古环境意义

对上扬子区 7个剖面早—中奥陶世疑源类研究表明 ,这些疑源类组合在分异度及属种组成上呈现有规律的变化 ,这种变化是上扬子区古环境变化的反映。在上扬子区西部 ,近岸碎屑岩相沉积的滇东红石崖组所产疑源类组合分异度低 ,为个体较小、壳饰较简单的分子 ;上扬子区中部 ,以黔北湄潭组为代表的浅海相碎屑岩和灰岩沉积中 ,疑源类分异度较高 ,并出现许多个体较大、壳饰较复杂的分子 ;而在上扬子区东部鄂西宜昌大湾组陆棚相灰岩与泥岩中 ,疑源类分异度继续增高 ,其中个体大、具粗大、长而复杂突起的分子占优势。     

华北地台类的演化与煤层生成

以华北地台59处创面全涵盖式研究为基础,建立了华北石炭、二叠纪类生物群演化系列,并划分为6带13亚带,从中抽取4个与煤层生成关系密切的阶段加以详细讨论,分别称为：（1）Pr阶段;（2）T阶段;（3）Ps阶段和（4）S阶段。其中第1阶段反映煤盆地的构造启动,另外3个阶段分别代表太原组底部厚煤层、山西组主煤层、南华北区大风口组煤层的生成机制。