岩土钻掘工程项目施工推行“5S”管理设想

根据在工业企业推广“5S”管理的实践,提出了岩土钻掘项目施工推行“5S”管理的设想。介绍了“5S”管理的概念,分析了岩土钻掘项目施工推行“5S”管理的策略要点。     

利用地球化学资料评价水淹层方法研究:以大庆杏南油田为例

通过对水淹层地球化学资料的分析,总结出了不同程度水淹层的地球化学特征,提出了利用地球化学资料从定性识别到定量评价的水淹层评价思路,建立了水淹层水淹程度定性识别方法、剩余油饱和度和含水率定量评价模型.对储层物理性质、岩性、流体性质、水淹程度不同的108口井529层水淹层进行了评价,剩余油饱和度与经校正后的密闭取芯井岩芯分析剩余油饱和度非常接近,水淹级别、含水率与单层试油结果一致.证明利用地球化学资料评价水淹层方法是可行的,结果是可靠的,该方法有很好的推广应用前景.     

沉积岩中自生伊利石K-Ar定年研究——存在问题及原因讨论

在浙江长兴煤山全球二叠系一三叠系界线层型剖面中界线附近采集黏土岩样品。对其中的伊利石／蒙皂石成岩间层I／S进行K—Ar测年实验研究,来探讨沉积岩中自生伊利石K—Ar测年在确定沉积地层时代方面的可行性。结果表明,沉积岩中成岩间层I／S的K—Ar年龄在没有碎屑含钾矿物混入的情况下,比其对应的地层时代要年轻,其原因主要有两条,一是因为泥岩中的自生伊利石来自于蒙皂石的伊利石化,而蒙皂石的伊利石化受很多因素控制,需要一定的时间才能完成;另一原因是由于蒙皂石伊利石化过程中存在着放射性成因^40Ar的扩散丢失。     

基于ArcGIS的城市供水管网信息系统设计与实现

随着城市的发展,各种城市的生活服务信息资源尤其是供水管线资料落后、管理方式低下,极大的影响了工作效率。简单介绍了使用ArcGIS进行二次开发的相关知识,着重介绍了基于C/S模式的城市供水管网信息系统的详细设计,并给出了部分应用实例。     

C, O, S and Sr isotope studies on the genesis of Fe-carbonate and barite mineralizations in the Attepe iron district (Adana, Southern Turkey)

The Attepe district consists of Precambrian, Lower–Middle Cambrian, Upper Cambrian–Lower Ordovician and Mesozoic formations. It contains several iron deposits and occurrences. Three types of iron-mineralizations can be distinguished in the area; (i) Sedimentary Fe-sulfide in Precambrian bituminous metapelitic rocks, and Fe-oxides in Precambrian metasandstones (SISO), (ii) vein-type Fe-carbonate and oxides composed of mainly siderite, ankerite and hematite including barite in Lower–Middle Cambrian metacarbonates of the Çaltepe Formation (HICO), (iii) karstic Fe-oxides and hydroxides essentially in the Lower–Middle Cambrian metacarbonates and the unweathered Fe-carbonates (KIO). The latter type is more widespread and located at the upper parts of the most important mineable iron deposits like Attepe deposit.

Oxygen-, carbon-, sulfur- and strontium-isotope studies have been performed on siderites and barites in the vein-type ores, and on calcites in the recrystallized Çaltepe Limestones to investigate the sources and formation mechanism of primary ore-forming constituents. The δ¹³C values of siderites and calcites in limestones of the Çaltepe Formation range from −10.10‰ to −8.20‰, and from −0.8‰ to 2.30‰. Both carbonate minerals show δ¹⁸O values between 17.50–18.30‰ and 16.20–23.00‰, respectively. The δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O isotopic variations do not indicate any direct or linear relations between siderites and limestones. However, it is possible that the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of carbonate minerals could be changed to some extent, when limestones were subjected to hydrothermal processes or thermal alterations during metamorphism.

The isotopic values of barites display 32.40–38.30‰ for δ³⁴S and 12.20–14.70‰ for δ¹⁸O. The strontium isotope ratios (0.717169–0.718601) of barites and the sulfur isotope compositions of barites and pyrites suggest that there are no direct linkages of ore-forming compounds neither with a magmatic source nor with sedimentary pyrite formations in the Precambrian bituminous shales of the Attepe formation.

According to the field observations and the stable isotope data, siderites and ankerites should be formed by interaction between iron-rich hydrothermal fluids and Çaltepe limestones, whereas isotope ratios of barites indicate that they were formed by mixing of sulfur-rich meteoric waters and deeply circulated hydrothermal solutions.     

Constraints on incipient charnockite formation from zircon geochronology and rare earth element characteristics

We present high spatial resolution ion-microprobe U–Th–Pb geochronology and rare earth element (REE) data combined with cathodoluminescence (CL) and back-scattered electron (BSE) imaging for complex zircons in incipient charnockites from Söndrum, SW Sweden. Examination of closely paired samples across the dehydration zone demonstrates that incipient charnockite formation at Söndrum is a zircon-forming process. We determined the age of the dehydration event (i.e. charnockitisation) to 1,397 ± 4 Ma (2σ, MSWD = 1.7). This is the first successful attempt to date incipient charnockite formation using U–Pb systematics of zircon. Internal structure, chemical and isotopic characteristics of zircon indicate that the granitic pegmatite in the core of the incipient charnockite is a melting zone. Commonly observed bulk rock HREE depletion in incipient charnockites is not caused by zircon dissolution but by involvement of garnet as a reactant in the dehydration reactions. Moreover, REE patterns of the newly formed zircon are HREE-enriched, indicating non-concurrent growth and suggesting that the degree of charnockite depletion in HREE might be controlled by the volume of newly formed zircon.     

贺兰山以北乌兰布和沙漠地下水水化学特征演化规律研究

乌兰布和沙漠对中国西北部干旱地区气候变化和水文循环过程研究具有指示意义, 以水文地球化学运移为导向, 通过分析33个地下水样, 探讨了该区地下水的补给与演化过程. 结果表明: 巴彦乌拉山浅层地下水水化学类型为Cl^--HCO₃^--SO₄^2--Na⁺; 从吉兰泰盐湖至乌兰布和沙漠, 主要水化学类型变化浅层地下水为Cl^--HCO₃^--Na⁺到Cl^--HCO₃^--SO₄^2--Na⁺, 深层地下水为HCO₃^--Cl^--Na⁺再到HCO₃^--Cl^--Na⁺或HCO₃^--Cl^--Ca²⁺. Gibbs图表明, 研究区地下水的水化学特征主要受蒸发浓缩作用影响和岩石风化作用控制, 大气降雨机制影响甚微. 主要离子相关关系图及饱和指数表明, 岩盐、芒硝、钠长石、方解石、白云石、石膏等矿物的风化溶解是该区地下水主要离子来源. 此外, 氯碱指数和Ca/Na的指示, 说明阳离子交换作用也是形成该地区地下水水化学组分的重要机制.     

Illite Crystallinity Mapping of Very Low Grade Metamorphism of Triassic Metapelites in the Zoigê Area, Western China

X-ray diffraction methods for estimating the metamorphic grade of diagenetic, anchizone and epizone in metapelites are reviewed and applied to samples from a 7000?m+ borehole in western China and surface samples from the surrounding Zoigê area. Kübler’s illite crystallinity (IC) measurements provide more consistent results than calculated values of percentage of illite in the I/S mixed layers and percentage of I/S mixed layers. Down-borehole IC values display a typical burial metamorphic relationship between stratigraphic level and IC. A method for preparing very low grade metamorphic maps is described, and isograds plotted on a regional geological map at selected values of IC, delineating a high temperature diagenetic zone, an anchizone, and an epizone. The map shows that IC values are controlled by stratigraphic level in the north of the study area (i.e. burial metamorphism), and proximity to an igneous intrusive body in the south (i.e. contact metamorphism).