在建导管架平台圆管风致涡激振动及减振研究

研究了大型导管架平台卧式建造时出现单边约束圆管的风致涡激振动问题。将建造过程中单边约束的导管架圆管简化成悬臂梁模型,采用van der Pol尾流振子模型模拟圆管受到的流体力,建立了圆管风致涡激振动动力学方程。使用伽辽金方法对建立的运动方程进行求解,数值分析了圆管在特定约化风速下的涡激振动特性。在圆管上附加非线性能量阱(NES)作为被动减振装置对圆管进行减振,并采用粒子群优化算法对NES的非线性刚度和阻尼参数进行了优化。结果表明,在约化速度为4.8时,得到的NES优化的非线性刚度和阻尼参数组合可以有效减小悬臂梁自由端风致涡激振动位移。本研究说明采用NES和粒子群优化算法可以有效减小圆管的风致涡激振动,为导管架安全建造提供一定的参考。     

The KC method: Numerical investigation of a new analysis method for reinforced soil walls

Reinforced soil walls commonly include facing elements which affect the mechanical behavior of the system. However, the design procedures involved in the existing codes and manuals (e.g. FHWA, BS8006, AASHTO, etc.) do not consider the structural contribution of the facing to the wall stability. Recently, a new computer based method for the analysis of reinforced soil walls which takes into account the interaction between the facing and the soil reinforcement layers was presented [Klar A and Sas T. Rational approach for the analysis of segmental reinforced soil walls based on kinematic constraints. Geotextiles and Geomembranes 2009;27:332-340]. This method demands full compatibility between the reinforcement layers and the deforming wall, and is solved as an optimization problem on this constraint. This kinematic compatibility (KC) method entails several assumptions regarding the interaction between the three components of the system (soil, wall, and reinforcement). This paper compares the KC method to a more rigorous continuum analysis. Results show that the KC method is capable of replicating the behavior of the more rigorous system, with a good agreement on both the value of maximum tensile forces in the reinforcement and shear and bending moment distributions along the wall. The KC method has a certain advantage over continuum methods, such as finite element or finite difference, since it requires limited input data that can easily be obtained from field tests.     

多级重力式挡土墙土压力分布试验研究

对某高填方路基挡土墙的现场实测水平土压力数据进行了分析,研究表明:该挡墙墙后土压力呈曲线分布,类似字母"R",土压力最大值出现在挡墙底部,而下部的值略小于底部值,最小值出现在挡墙中部。在本级挡墙施工时,墙后第1、2层土压力值接近静止土压力值,大于主动土压力值,第3、4层土压力值小于主动土压力值;在其上若干级挡墙或边坡施工时墙后各点土压力值均小于主动土压力值,即随着填土深度的变化挡墙后各点的土压力系数是在不断变动着的,土压力系数与土压力数值大小的变化规律一致。同时,土压力作用点介于(0.4～0.5)H,且随填土深度增加作用点位置上移;每级挡土墙之间的平台宽度越小,上级挡土墙对下级挡土墙的影响就越大,土压力作用点就越高。研究结论对高填方多级挡土墙的设计具有理论指导意义。