梁端局部无粘结钢筋混凝土梁抗弯承载力研究

为进一步研究梁端局部无粘结钢筋混凝土悬臂梁的抗弯承载力,在理论分析的基础上,使用ABAQUS有限元软件对局部无粘结梁与完好梁的承载力进行了仿真对比分析。结果表明,当局部无粘结梁与完好梁的配筋方式及材料力学性能一致、受拉纵筋锚固良好且可进入屈服阶段时,局部无粘结梁与完好梁的应变分布和应力历程有着明显的差异;局部无粘结梁的极限承载力高于完好梁;随着荷载的增加,无粘结梁的承载机理呈现出明显的“拱效应”。通过梁与拱的共同作用,建立了梁端局部无粘结钢筋混凝土梁抗弯承载力计算公式。     

Assessment of seismic damage of thin and lightly reinforced concrete walls using fractal dimension of cracking

Length, maximum width, and residual width of cracks are key indicators of structural damage. However, pattern and propagation of cracks on the affected structural component should be also considered. In addition, damage evaluation based on visual inspection is a subjective and capricious procedure because the damage assessment relies on the expertise and judgment of the inspector engineer. In order to assess a rapid and reliable evaluation approach of seismic damage, pattern and propagation of cracks observed in thin and lightly reinforced concrete walls for low‐rise housing subjected to seismic demands are evaluated in this study by means of fractal dimension of cracking pattern. The proposed parameters are based on the results of an experimental program that comprised 39 low‐rise RC wall specimens having typical variables of this type of housing, such as low compressive strengths of concrete, thin walls, low axial loads, low reinforcement ratios, and web shear reinforcement made of deformed bars and welded‐wire meshes. A statistical analysis is carried out for computing values of fractal dimension associated to cracking patterns at key damage conditions. Recommendations of this study can help the inspector in estimating the current limit state or performance level of the wall and the story‐drift ratio experienced by the wall during shaking. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

悬臂支护桩变形计算方法探讨

指出了悬臂支护桩变形计算方法现行有关规范[ 1 , 2]的欠妥之处, 提出了幂级数精确解法和在现行规范基础上的简化计算方法。 经与工程实测结果对比, 现行规范计算方法计算值比实测值小约 20%, 而作者提出的两种计算方法较为合理。     

Piezoelectric Energy Analysis on Diverse Buoy Coupling with Hydrodynamic Parameters

This paper mainly describes the influence factors of the captured energy power by huge wave energy harvesters, in which the vertical motion of buoy can transform ocean’s potential energy into piezoelectric energy power by undulating waves. Firstly, related environmental coefficients are analyzed by means of the incident wave theory. Besides, the geometric structural parameters are also analyzed and compared under optimal environmental coefficients with semi-analytical solutions. Thirdly, the numerical results also show the impact trend of hydrodynamic parameters and geometric volume on motion, voltage and power with qualitative agreement. The numerical simulation confirms that the improved structure parameters could markedly deliver sufficient power under the same conditions with long-time stability.     

部分反射直墙前二维物体的绕射和辐射问题

基于映像理论将部分反射直墙前物体的散射问题,等效于开敞水域中原物体的散射和关于直墙映像体散射的线性叠加进行求解。采用高阶边界元方法建立了部分反射直墙前二维任意形状物体波浪绕射和辐射问题的数值分析模型,通过与已发表的海底方箱和淹没圆柱结果的对比验证了数值模型的准确性。应用该模型研究了直墙反射系数幅值及相位、方箱与墙间距离等参数对水面方箱上波浪激振力、附加质量和辐射阻尼的影响。结果表明：直墙反射系数幅值越大,波浪激振力、附加质量和辐射阻尼的波动越大,附加质量在一些频率下出现负值;相位角的变化会改变波浪激振力、附加质量和辐射阻尼曲线的偏移,在低频区对升沉附加质量有显著影响;方箱距离直墙越远,方箱上的波浪激振力、附加质量和辐射阻尼随波数振荡的频率越快,峰值频率向低频侧移动。     

基于悬臂梁模型的管道矫直理论及有限元分析

海底管道的卷管铺设过程涉及多次正向和反向弯曲,并会产生较大的塑性变形。在铺设入水前,管道必须进行矫直处理,因此如何准确预测矫直过程中管道的力学响应以及如何对矫直器进行合理的设置具有重要意义。针对中国首艘卷管式铺管船“深达号”的矫直装置设计与典型工况,建立了一种基于悬臂梁的力学理论模型。该模型综合考虑了铺设过程中退卷和矫直的加载历程、管道材料的弹塑性特性以及校准器和上、下矫直器的相对位置关系。模型能实现对反弯半径及矫直器姿态等关键参数的计算。建立有限元分析模型,对理论模型进行验证并对管道矫直过程进行数值分析。结果表明理论模型可以准确预测管道矫直所需反弯半径、矫直器侧向行程以及倾角等参数。在管道矫直过程中,上矫直器处的作用载荷远大于下矫直器处。所提出的矫直理论模型可适用于不同尺寸管道的矫直分析,矫直后残余曲率满足DNV规范要求,预期可为“深达号”的实际矫直工艺设计提供指导。     

Earthquake-induced displacements of gravity retaining walls and anchor-reinforced slopes

This paper examines in terms of seismic performance, the effectiveness of anchor reinforcement against gravity retaining walls used to stabilize a dry homogenous fill slope in earthquake-prone environment. Both analyzed stabilizing measures have the same design yield acceleration estimated from a limit equilibrium approach. The earthquake-induced displacements are calculated using a sliding block formulation of the equation of motion. Sliding failure along the base of the gravity retaining wall and rotational failure of the soil active wedge behind the wall, as well as rotational failure of the slide mass of the anchor-reinforced slope were considered in the present formulation. For the specific characteristics of the analyzed fill slope and input horizontal ground motion, the slope reinforced with anchors appears to experience vertical and horizontal seismic displacements at slope crest smaller by 12% and respectively, 32% than the vertical and horizontal earthquake-induced deformations estimated at the top of the active wedge behind the gravity retaining wall.     

型钢高性能混凝土剪力墙恢复力模型研究

在前人研究成果的基础上,本文通过对6个型钢高性能混凝土剪力墙荷载-位移滞回曲线的分析,得出了简化的三折线型恢复力模型,并提出各个特征参数的计算公式,计算值与与试验值较为吻合。滞回规则采用考虑刚度退化和强度退化的剪切滞变模型,为型钢混凝土剪力墙的弹塑性分析提供了依据。     

基于等效刚度原理的损伤梁位移变化研究

对构件和结构损伤后的力学性能变化研究一直是世界各国学者十分关注的问题。从现有文献得知,大多研究者以损伤力学及断裂力学为基本理论,按照等效应变原理研究结构及构件的损伤。作者根据等效刚度原理定义损伤程度,对损伤采用损伤位置、损伤程度和损伤长度三个参数来描述,从材料力学平面弯曲理论出发,运用小变形的平面弯曲挠曲线近似微分方程,并引入损伤程度的定义,推导出恒载作用下损伤梁转角和挠度方程的隐含表达式。对悬臂损伤梁进行了各种损伤情况下转角和挠度数值计算结果的对比分析,总结出了其位移变化规律。本研究的目的是为了充分有效地认识损伤梁的性能变化,期望为结构的健康检测、损伤识别理论研究奠定基础。