基于遗传算法最短路径问题的探讨

对用遗传算法求解最短路径问题作了有益的尝试，详细分析了求解最佳路径的遗传算法的构成要素，提出了一种新的交叉算子，并且论证了算法参数对结果的影响。通过仿真实验，给出了算法的主要性能参数，证明了算法的可行性。并指出了遗传算法求解最短路径问题的不足之处。     

提高碳氧比能谱测井分辨率的反褶积法

在地层孔隙度比较低的情况下,由于受放射性统计涨落以及地层中其它核反应所产生的伽马射线的影响,传统的碳氧比能谱测井解释的分辨率不高。这些伽马射线形成了碳氧比能谱测井的本底,本底越高,碳氧比值精度越差。因此,必须设法降低本底值来提高谱线的分辨率。本文通过反褶积技术来提高谱线的分辨率,应用修正的高斯函数作为系统响应函数对测井曲线进行反褶积;采用修正的 Blackman 窗函数来消除放射性统计涨落的高频噪声,通过实际资料验证,利用"反褶积-开窗"法对碳氧比能谱测井的谱线进行处理以及用变系数法求取非弹性散射伽马谱,提高了测井资料对油、水储集层的分辨率,对油田的合理开发及油藏管理具有重要的现实意义。     

A study of the modelling error in two operator splitting algorithms for porous media flow

Operator splitting methods are often used to solve convection–diffusion problems of convection dominated nature. However, it is well known that such methods can produce significant (splitting) errors in regions containing self sharpening fronts. To amend this shortcoming, corrected operator splitting methods have been developed. These approaches use the wave structure from the convection step to identify the splitting error. This error is then compensated for in the diffusion step. The main purpose of the present work is to illustrate the importance of the correction step in the context of an inverse problem. The inverse problem will consist of estimating the fractional flow function in a onedimensional saturation equation.     

高分辨率遥感在城市发展动态监测中的应用

与传统的遥感影像相比，高分辨率遥感影像有着空间分辨率高、时间分辨率高、信息量大、所包含的地物的几何和纹理信息更加明显、能提取地物三维信息等优点。城市中的研究对象多属于一些尺寸相对较小且空间信息较为重要的地物，再加上已形成一套全新的面向对象的高分辨率遥感数据的处理和信息提取方法。这使得高分辨率遥感技术成为城市发展动态监测以及相关信息提取的最有效手段。动态监测中获得的数据还进一步运用于城市规划布局、市容市政管理、城市生态环境保护、城市交通建设规划、城市防震减灾以及数字交通和数字城市的建设等诸多方面。     

近年遥感技术新进展及几点思考

主要论述最近几年卫星遥感分辨率(空间、光谱、时间和辐射分辨率)、卫星运行模式、载荷形式以及数据处理等方面的新进展，同时探讨了阻碍我国遥感应用发展的几个问题。     

The parameter distributions of the integer GPS model

 A parameter estimation theory is incomplete if no rigorous measures are available for describing the uncertainty of the parameter estimators. Since the classical theory of linear estimation does not apply to the integer GPS model, rigorous probabilistic statements cannot be made with reference to the classical results. The fact that integer parameters are involved in the estimation process forces a reappraisal of the propagation of uncertainty. It is with this purpose in mind that the joint and marginal distributional properties of both the integer and non-integer parameters of the GPS model are determined. These joint distributions can also be used to determine the distribution of functions of the parameters. As an important example, the distribution of the vector of ambiguity residuals is determined. Received: 30 January 2001 / Accepted: 31 July 2001     

自适应Kalman滤波反褶积的快速实现方法

提出了以二进小波变换为基础的自适应Kalman滤波反褶积(AKFD)新方法，针对该方法的计算复杂程度，提出了一种快速实现方法.二进小波变换的AKFD抛弃了传统预测反褶积对信号平稳性的假设，克服了提高分辨率而信噪比明显降低的问题，具有很好的抗噪性能.在小波域进行的AKFD在压制假反射以及提高分辨率方面比时间域的AKFD好，克服了在时域内进行AKFD抬升低频成分的缺陷.利用二维地震数据的局部平稳性的假设提出了快速实现方法，通过分段求取自适应预测算子，分别于横向及纵向采用样条插值的方法进行插值，来减少求取自适应预测算子的计算量，达到快速实现的目的.经过大量实验表明计算速度提高数百倍，仍能保持原来的计算效果.     

Control-Volume Discretization Method for Quadrilateral Grids with Faults and Local Refinements

This paper extends the multipoint flux-approximation (MPFA) control-volume method to quadrilateral grids for which the adjacent cells do not necessarily share corners. Examples are grids with faults and locally refined grids. This paper gives a derivation of the method for such grids. The difference between two-point flux-approximation (TPFA) results and MPFA results for faults and local grid refinements is demonstrated for synthetic problems. Further, the results are compared with results from uniform fine-grid simulations. The effect of repeated fault patterns as well as anisotropy is investigated. Large errors may be found for the TPFA method for flow through a series of faults in an anisotropic medium. Finally, a comparison is done for a reservoir field application.     

利用卫星重力梯度数据确定地球重力场的单层位模型

本文提出了处理卫星重力梯度数据以确定高分辩力重力场模型的单层位法并对其中的独立估计法进行了误差分析，数字结果显示：当卫星高度为200km，卫星数据网格宽度为15′，卫星重力梯度数据的精度为2×10~(-3)E时，利用独立估计法可得到分辩力为1°×1°（100km）的全球重力场模型，其重力异常精度小于1（mgal）；若卫星高度降至160km，卫星重力梯度数据的精度达到3×10~(-4)E，则获得的重力场模型的分辩力可提高到0.5°×0.5°（50km），其重力异常精度仍小于1（mgal）。     

Constructions and Applied Examinations of a Kind of Square-Conservative Schemes in High Precision in the Time Direction

In order to meet the needs of work in numerical weather forecast and in numerical simulations for climate change and ocean current, a kind of difference scheme in high precision in the time direction developed from the completely square-conservative difference scheme in explicit way is built by means of the Taylor expansion. A numerical test with 4-wave Rossby-Haurwitz waves on them and an application of them on the monthly mean current the of South China Sea are carried out, from which, it is found that not only do the new schemes have high harmony and approximate precision but also can the time step of the schemes be lengthened and can much computational time be saved. Therefore, they are worth generalizing and applying.