伽师强震群区上地壳三维速度层析成像

以伽师强震群为中心布设了一个50km60km范围的三维人工地震透射临时台阵，接收来自不同方位的8次爆破激发产生的地震波；利用所记录到的莫霍界面临界反射P 波、S波走时，采用模型不分块反演技术，重建台阵下方上地壳三维P，S波速度扰动图象，以及vp/vs扰动分布图象；并结合伽师震群的地震活动分布，对该震群的成因进行了分析．结果表明，研究区上地壳存在明显的不均匀性．自12ｋｍ 深度开始，在与震群震中相应的位置上，明显出现沿北北西向的高Ｐ波速度块体，在它的周围为相对低速分布，这种结构上的差异是伽师强震群发生的最直接原因；vp/vs在相同的位置上为高值分布，则表明由于介质相对软弱可能造成震源体抗剪强度下降．这可作为伽师强震群发震特点的一种解释．      

The role of extensional tectonics at different crustal levels on granite ascent and emplacement: an example from Tuscany (Italy)

The role of regional extension on the rise and emplacement of granites in the crust is still debated. Pluton ascent and emplacement widely occurred in Tuscany (Italy) since late Miocene during the post-orogenic collapse of the inner Apennines, and are presently occurring in the geothermal areas of Amiata and Larderello. Tuscany offers a preferred test site to study the role of regional extension on pluton ascent and emplacement at different crustal levels. Ductile extension enhanced the segregation and ascent of granitic melts in the lower crust, controlling pluton emplacement in correspondence with the brittle–ductile transition. In the brittle crust, magma ascent occurred through subvertical faults and fractures compatible with the regional extension direction; pluton emplacement mainly occurred by means of roof lifting. The case of Tuscany suggests that the extensional structures enhance melt segregation and ascent in the ductile crust, but are not efficient alone to provide a pathway for the ascent of granitic magmas in the brittle-extending crust. The estimated magmatic strain rates due to pluton emplacement in the geothermal areas are much larger than the regional tectonic strain rates. This suggests that regional tectonics did not control magma emplacement in the brittle crust and explains why nontectonic processes (roof lifting) accommodated the space required for pluton emplacement.     

Hierarchical spatial interaction among the Italian regions: a nonlinear relative dynamics approach

Regional interactions and spillover effects should be considered as important factors in growth analysis of regional economies. Using modified versions of the Dendrinos–Sonis model, this paper analyses the spatial hierarchical system of Italy. The interaction among Italian regions is considered at three different levels of spatial aggregation, the NUTS-1, NUTS-2 and NUTS-3 levels. Compared to more popular spatial econometric approaches, the Dendrinos–Sonis model and its extensions provide greater flexibility in the way interaction between regions is handled but the results strongly depend on the choice of a reference region.

环洞庭湖旅游区旅游开发研究

分析了环洞庭湖区旅游发展现状和持续发展制约因素,提出了区域合作、统筹规划、严格保护、合理开发、永续利用的指导思想,确立了旅游开发目标、开发定位和开发模式,提出了环洞庭湖区域旅游开发措施：建立高效精干的旅游管理协调机构;加强旅游规划管理;加快湖区旅游基础设施建设;加大旅游宣传促销力度,努力提高知名度;加快旅游人才培养;加强湖区旅游环境保护,坚持走可持续发展道路.     

Forward simulation of gravity for crustal structure of Xiachayu-Gonghe profile in eastern Tibetan plateau

The crustal structure of Xiachayu-Gonghe geophysical profile in eastern Tibetan plateau is simulated with Bouguer anomaly corrected for sediments and lithosphere.The forward simulation shows that the thickness of upper crust in eastern Tibetan plateau is about 20 km,and the density is 2.78 3 3 × 10 kg/m.The bottom interface of middle crust changes from 30 km to 40 km,the density of middle crust is 2.89 3 3 × 10 kg/m.The materials with low density of 2.78 3 3 × 10 kg/mexist in middle crust,and those with hig...     

长距离动态GPS数据处理方法与汶川地震引起的动态地壳形变特征分析

利用长距离GPS动态数据处理方法,根据四川GPS网地震前后的观测数据,计算出了四川GPS网各站点地震前后的位移量。以相对稳定的雅安站为参考站,计算出了绵阳站和郫县站的动态变形序列。汶川地震动态地壳变形分析结果表明,地震期间,绵阳站和郫县站的主运动朝向西北方向,同时伴随有小幅摆动。在高程方向,绵阳站出现先上升后下降的运动特征,郫县站出现上下波动特征。     

Ground movements caused by deep underground mining in Guan-Zhuang iron mine,Luzhong, China

It is difficult to calculate the accurate ground movement due to deep underground mining because of the complexity of the geotechnical environment. Guan-Zhuang iron mine is a pillarless sublevel caving mine operated by Luzhong Metallurgical Mining Company, south-east of Jinan, PR China. It mines the Zhangjiawa Seam at a depth of approximately 520 m. Although the towers are outside the conventional ‘angle of draw’ subsidence influence criteria, and have seen only negligible vertical displacement as a result of deep mining, there has been widespread evidence of regional horizontal displacement of the land surface, large distances away from the mining area. Possible explanations of these displacements include one or a combination of mechanisms such as pre-mining stress relaxation, regional joint patterns, soft rock strata, displacement toward active goaf areas. Luzhong Metallurgical Mining Company have been making precise measurements of distances near the shaft towers in the Guan-Zhuang iron mine since 2003. The results show horizontal displacements of up to 96 mm occur even when underground mining is about 0.8 km from the survey displacements. From an analysis of these and other survey results it is concluded that mining effects extend a long way from deep mining. The results also show that ground horizontal displacements are typically at least as great as the vertical component, that the maximum horizontal displacement occurs soon after undermining.     

基于GPS的青藏块体东北缘现今地壳水平运动研究

以“中国地壳运动网络观测”工程1999～2001年GPS观测数据为基础,应用GAMIT／GLOBK软件对数据进行精密解算,获得了青藏块体东北缘1999～2001年相对于欧亚板块的水平运动速度场。结合板块构造和大地动力学理论,分析了该地区地壳水平运动特征,主要得出了以下结论：①青藏块体地壳运动的东北边界应为海原断裂带和祁连山北缘断裂带;②甘青块体西侧子块体以北东向运动挤压和地壳缩短为主,东部子块体以整体顺时针旋转为主;③鄂尔多斯块体可能存在逆时针旋转运动,其旋转速度在块体西南侧的六盘山断裂处一带最大,向北至块体西北部明显减小。