基于地质空间数据挖掘的区域成矿预测方法

以多源地质空间数据库和空间数据挖掘技术为基础,顾及地质数据的空间特征和不确定性,提出一种基于地质空间数据挖掘的区域成矿预测方法,主要包括:连续型地质空间数据离散化、成矿空间关系提取及属性化、成矿关联规则提取及质量评价、成矿关联规则综合评价与潜力制图.最后,以青海省东昆仑地区铁矿资源潜力预测为例进行实验,并将地质空间数据...     

西藏驱龙矿区早侏罗世斑岩的Sr-Nd-Pb及锆石Hf同位素研究

近年的研究基本揭示,在冈底斯南缘存在一条晚三叠世-侏罗纪的花岗岩带,其成因认识有助于恢复青藏高原中生代演化历史,但却存在争议。为此,本文选择拉萨东部驱龙早侏罗世花岗斑岩开展Sr-Nd-Pb及锆石Hf同位素研究,调查岩浆源区特征,以期查明岩浆成因。分析结果显示,驱龙早侏罗世斑岩具有相对较低的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr初始比值(0.7029~0.7050)、正的ε_Nd(t)(平均0.7)和锆石ε_Hf(t)值(2.6~8.2),表明岩浆来自新生地壳物质的部分熔融。综合对比发现,冈底斯南部晚三叠世-早侏罗世花岗岩的锆石Hf同位素在500km宽的范围内显示出由西向东亏损程度逐渐减弱、甚至变得富集的规律,表明在此类花岗岩的形成过程中,成熟地壳组分的贡献自西向东逐渐增多。这既可因南部拉萨地体基底Hf同位素组成的东西向不均一所引起,也可能因东段驱龙、米林等地花岗岩更靠近古老的拉萨微陆块所致。     

北京规划新城区域工程地质勘查方法体系研究

为了全面实现《北京城市总体规划（2004年—2020年）》对顺义等11个新城的规划目标,我们系统开展了11个规划新城的区域工程地质勘查工作。为了进一步降低第四系沉积物覆盖、地表建筑物及各种管线等因素对勘查方法有效性和可靠性的不利影响,本文研究和建立了一套适合于北京规划新城的区域工程地质勘查方法体系,该方法体系包括顺义式、门头沟式和延庆式三类,对全国其他地区开展区域工程地质勘查,具有重要的参考价值和示范作用。     

Resolving the Degeneracy: Experimental Tests of the New Self Creation Cosmology and a Heterodox Prediction for Gravity Probe B

The new theory of Self Creation Cosmology has been shown to yield a concordant cosmological solution that does not require inflation, exotic non-baryonic Dark matter or unknown Dark Energy to fit observational constraints. In vacuo there is a conformal equivalence between this theory and canonical General Relativity and as a consequence an experimental degeneracy exists as the two theories predict identical results in the standard tests. However, there are three definitive experiments that are able to resolve this degeneracy and distinguish between the two theories. Here these standard tests and definitive experiments are described. One of the definitive predictions, that of the geodetic precession of a gyroscope, has just been measured on the Gravity Probe B satellite, which is at the present time of writing in the data processing stage. This is the first opportunity to falsify Self Creation Cosmology. The theory predicts a ‘frame-dragging’ result equal to GR but a geodetic precession of only 2/3 the GR value. When applied to the Gravity Probe B satellite, Self Creation Cosmology predicts an E–W gravitomagnetic/frame-dragging precession, equal to that of GR, of 40.9 milliarcsec/yr but a N–S gyroscope (geodetic + Thomas) precession of just 4.4096 arcsec/yr.     

空间权重矩阵的生成方法分析与实验

区域空间动力学过程 (例如疾病传播、区域社会经济可持续发展等 )所涉及的数据样本和状态变量都是以区域多边形形式存在的。区域群发展在空间上的此起彼伏和相互影响则是通过区域之间相互联系得以实现的 ,空间权重矩阵用以传载这一作用过程。因此 ,构建区域空间连接权重矩阵是建立区域空间动力学方程的核心问题之一。本文分析了空间权重矩阵的不同生成方法 ,并对空间权重矩阵的一种形式.     

Detailed gravity survey to help seismic microzonation: Mapping the thickness of unconsolidated deposits in Ottawa, Canada

In this study, measurements of gravity were made to map and model the thickness of Quaternary deposits (sand and clay) overlying Ordovician limestones in a suburb of Ottawa (Orléans, Ontario). Because ground motion amplification is partly related to the thickness of unconsolidated deposits, this work helps refine the assessment of the earthquake damage potential of the area. It also helps the mapping of clay basins, which can locally exceed 100 m in thickness, where ground motion amplification can occur. Previous work, including well log data and seismic methods, have yielded a wealth of information on near-surface geology in Orléans, thereby providing the necessary constraints to test the applicability of gravity modeling in other locations where other methods cannot always be used. Some 104 gravity stations were occupied in an 8 × 12 km test area in the Orléans. Stations were accurately located with differential GPS that provided centimetric accuracy in elevation. Densities of the unconsolidated Quaternary deposits (Champlain Sea clay) determined on core samples and densities determined on limestone samples from outcrops were used to constrain models of the clay layer overlying the higher density bedrock formations (limestone). The gravity anomaly map delineates areas where clay basins attain > 100 m depth. Assuming a realistic density for the Champlain Sea clays (1.9-2.1 g/cm³), the thickness over the higher density bedrock formations (Ordovician carbonate rocks) was modeled and compared with well logs and two seismic reflection profiles. The models match quite well with the information determined from well logs and seismic methods. It was found that gravity and the thickness of unconsolidated deposits are correlated but the uncertainties in both data sets preclude the definition of a direct correlation between the two. We propose that gravity measurements at a local scale be used as an inexpensive means of mapping the thickness of unconsolidated deposits in low-density urban areas. To obtain meaningful results, three conditions must exist. Firstly, elevations of gravity stations must be measured accurately using differential GPS; secondly, that the regional gravity field must be well defined, and thirdly, that the local geology be simple enough to be realistically represented with a two-layer model.     

南海前新生代残留盆地分布综合地球物理研究

为了对南海海域的前新生代残留盆地分布有个整体而全面的认识,本文开展了南海残留盆地宏观分布的综合地球物理研究.通过岩石物性分析,综合重、磁、震等地球物理方法,利用正演与反演方法,分区计算并求取了南海的重力基底和磁性基底埋深,得到了中生界及前中生界残余厚度,给出了整个南海前新生代残留盆地的宏观格架与残余厚度分布特征并讨论了...     

南海及邻区莫霍面深度分布特征及其与各构造单元的关系

为了研究南海及邻区莫霍面分布特征及其与边缘海盆、海沟、岛弧、新生代沉积盆地的关系等构造单元的关系,本文通过对研究区的空间重力异常数据进行全布格改正,得到研究区内的布格重力异常,并以近年来的声纳浮标探测与海底地震仪探测剖面所得到的莫霍面深度资料为控制点采用三维带控制点界面反演方法得到了研究区的莫霍面深度图和地壳厚度图.本...     

南海北部陆坡块体搬运沉积体系的地震响应与成因机制

块体搬运沉积体系是一种重力作用下形成的深水沉积体系,在全球大陆边缘沉积体系中扮演着重要角色.块体搬运沉积作用不仅造成危害极大的深水地质灾害,而且与海洋天然气水合物和深水油气的形成过程与富集有密切联系.根据新获得的海底地形地貌资料和地震资料,揭示了块体搬运沉积体系识别特征,明确了其分布范围.这些块体搬运沉积体系具有明显的...