珠江口淇澳岛海岸带反硝化作用研究

采用N2通量法,在一套连续流动培养装置中测定珠江口淇澳岛海岸带的反硝化速率,探讨各种因素对淇澳岛海岸带反硝化速率的影响.结果表明,反硝化速率受NO3-的利用率影响,而不是NO3-的绝对浓度.大型红树植物对淇澳岛海岸带的反硝化速率影响最大,其次是硝酸盐利用率,而有机质含量的影响较小.由于大型红树植物的影响,样品Q0411-5的反硝化速率比同在岛内的Q0411-3高出1倍.样品Q0412-14的NO3-培养前后的浓度变化(△NO3-)是Q0412-9的4倍多,因为受硝酸盐利用率的影响,它的反硝化速率却是Q0412-9的2倍多.温度对反硝化速率的影响程度尚不能确定.     

水下光学无线通信的海水信道特性研究

提出了将具有比声学高达几倍的数据通信速率,良好的安全性和隐蔽性的光学无线通信技术应用于海军、海洋科学研究和水下工程等领域,实现高速率的水下无线通信技术实现海量数据的信息交换.基于生物光学特性的水下光学信道模型,建立了水下光学通信系统性能分析方法.并对基于发光二极管(LED)的水下光学无线通信系统进行了仿真,其结果表明所建立的方法可以进行各种海域水质环境的模拟,便于时水下光学无线通信系统性能进行预测评估,为水下光学无线通信系统的设计方案的评估提供了依据.     

Ingestion of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brachionus plicatilis</Emphasis> under different microalgae conditions

The effects of four microalgae,Chlorella vulgaris,Platymonas helgolandicavar,Isochrysis galbana,and Nitzschia closterium on the grazing and filtering rates of the marine rotifer,Brachionus plicatilis,were evaluated under laboratory conditions.The grazing rates in separate cultures of the four microalga were as follows:C.vulgaris > P.helgolandicavar > I.galbana > N.closterium.However,the filtering rates occurred in the following order:P.helgolandicavar > N.closterium > C.vulgaris > I.galbana.A mixed diets ex...     

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阿尔金断裂带中段现今构造形变模式的InSAR研究

利用2007～2010年间14景ALOS PALSAR数据及SBAS InSAR技术,获取阿尔金断裂带中段91°E附近现今地壳形变速率场,并反演该地区断层的滑动速率和闭锁深度。结果表明,阿尔金断裂中段地区的形变速率自北向南呈3个线性梯度变化区,分别为阿尔金山东段8～12 mm/a、索尔库里盆地6～7 mm/a、阿尔金断裂带以南约0 mm/a。3个速率梯度变化区主要集中在喀腊达坂断裂和阿尔金主断裂上;拟合的断层就位于金雁山南缘、喀腊达坂断裂南邻,走滑速率从西（7.1 mm/a）向东（14.0 mm/a）逐渐增大,闭锁深度自西(4.5 km)向东(10.6 km)逐渐趋深。结合前人研究推测,金雁山（阿尔金山链东部）与索尔库里拉分盆地组成的复合破裂构造模式,是转换断层运动时应力和应变调整的主要驱动机制。     

高重频激光测距数据处理方法

该文探讨了高重频激光测距工作中的数据处理问题。该数据处理采用了屏幕显示以及数学分析方法,以剔除卫星激光测距数据中的观测异常值,提取有效的数据点,并最终生成标准点数据。通过对奥地利GRAZ激光测距站高重频数据资料的处理表明,该数据处理方法是有效的。     

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山东泰莱凹陷姚庄地区油页岩特征及成因分析

为评价泰莱凹陷姚庄地区油页岩资源潜力,开展了6口地质井的钻探、二维地震勘探和多项油页岩的样品分析测试工作。根据油页岩分析测试资料,结合录井、测井、地震、沉积等研究成果,总结了油页岩主要特征,对该区油页岩成因进行了初步分析。结果表明:泰莱凹陷姚庄地区油页岩主要发育在大汶口组中段沉积时期的湖相沉积中,大汶口组中段油页岩矿层与地层产状一致,走向277°,倾向7°,倾角4°~5°,矿层顶板埋深108.40m,矿层底板埋深272.06m,厚度0.80~2.29m,平均岩石密度为1.90t/m^3,含油率3.12%~4.07%,平均含油率3.48%。     

Application of a nonlinear frequency domain wave–current interaction model to shallow water recurrence effects in random waves

The effect of ambient currents on nearshore nonlinear wave–wave energy transfer in random waves is studied with the use of a nonlinear frequency domain wave–current interaction model. We focus on the phenomenon of wave recurrence as a classical nonlinear phenomenon whose characteristics are well established for systems truncated to small numbers of frequency modes. The model used for this study is first extended to enhance accuracy; comparisons of permanent form solutions to analytical forms confirm the model accuracy. Application of the model to a highly truncated system confirmed the model’s consistency with published results for both positive (following) and negative (adverse) currents. Propagation of random wave spectra over a flat bottom was performed with the model, with the intent of determining the prevalence of recurrence between the spectral peak and its harmonics. For spectra of moderate Ursell number, it was found that positive currents extended the length scale of recurrence relative to the case with no currents; conversely, negative currents reduced the recurrence lengths. However, beyond a propagation distance of ≈40 wavelengths of the spectral peak, recurrence becomes almost completely damped as the spectra becomes broad and the spectral energies equilibrate. For spectra of high Ursell number, in contrast, recurrence is almost immediately damped, suggesting that the nonlinearity is sufficient to allow immediate spectral broadening and equilibration and overwhelming any preferential interactions among the spectral peak and its harmonics, regardless of current magnitude or direction.     

不同形状和材料的鱼礁模型对短蛸诱集效果的初步研究

采用鱼类行为学方法,观测了短蛸(Octopus ocellatus)对同为PVC材质的3种形状的有孔和无孔模型礁以及对同为管状的3种不同材料的单体和叠加模型礁的行为反应,并对各组内模型礁的诱集效果进行了比较.实验结果表明:未投放模型礁条件下短蛸在水槽四角分布率较高,在鱼礁标志区分布率只有0.5%;PVC材质3种形状的模型礁放入后对短蛸的聚集率均在10%以上,其中内部空间最大的正方体模型礁聚集率最大,每种形状的模型礁中有孔模型礁聚集率高于无孔;3种不同材料的管状模型礁放入后诱集效果均较明显,其中陶瓷材质的管状模型礁效果最好,每种材料的模型礁中3单体叠加后的组合礁聚集率明显高于单体,其中叠加后的陶瓷模型礁对短蛸的聚集率达到39.3%;研究发现短蛸的领域行为对鱼礁模型的诱集效果影响较大.