内蒙古大青山地区英安岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

在内蒙古大青山地区逆冲推覆构造所截切的英安岩中获得锆石~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb表面年龄加权平均值为1870±19Ma,认为英安岩为华北克拉通古元古代末—新元古代一次裂解事件的产物.同时,据安山岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和度(102)较好的锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U表面年龄436±4Ma及英安岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和度(104)较好的锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U表面年龄153±2Ma和160±2Ma,表明大青山地区逆冲推覆构造存在构造复活或构造追踪现象。这一认识为大青山地区逆冲推覆构造的研究积累了新的资料,提供了新的研究思路。     

VELOCITY–DISCHARGE RELATIONSHIPS DERIVED FROM DYE TRACER EXPERIMENTS IN GLACIAL MELTWATERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR SUBGLACIAL FLOW CONDITIONS

Repeated dye tracer tests were undertaken from individual moulins at Haut Glacier d'Arolla, Switzerland, over a number of diurnal discharge cycles during the summers of 1989–1991. It was hoped to use the concepts of at-a-station hydraulic geometry to infer flow conditions in subglacial channels from the form of the velocity–discharge relationships derived from these tests. The results, however, displayed both clockwise and anticlockwise velocity–discharge hysteresis, in addition to the simple power function relationship assumed in the hydraulic geometry approach. Clockwise hysteresis seems to indicate that a moulin drains into a small tributary channel rather than directly into an arterial channel, and that discharges in the two channels vary out of phase with each other. Anticlockwise hysteresis is accompanied by strong diurnal variations in the value of dispersivity derived from the dye breakthrough curve, and is best explained by hydraulic damming of moulins or sub/englacial passageways. Despite the complex velocity–discharge relationships observed, some indication of subglacial flow conditions may be obtained if tributary channels comprise only a small fraction of the drainage path and power function velocity–discharge relationships are derived from dye injections conducted during periods when the supraglacial discharge entering the moulin and the bulk discharge vary in phase. Analyses based on this premise suggest that both open and closed channel flow occur beneath Haut Glacier d'Arolla, and that flow conditions are highly variable at and between sites.     

速度差对井间走时层析成像质量的影响及其改进方法

在井间地震初至走时层析成像中,随着相邻地质体速度差的增大,使得射线分布不均匀,以及网格剖分不合适,导致层析成像结果不理想.物理和数值模型的井间走时层析成像表明：当速度差超过300%时,层析结果畸变较大;在300%～150%之间时,层析结果较好;低于150%时,层析结果好.在此基础上,提出了井间多尺度初至走时层析成像方法,即对同一模型采用多种网格剖分来同时进行层析成像,以获得研究区域的速度图像.数学和物理模型的井间多尺度走时层析结果表明：该方法很好地兼顾了层析成像的分辨率和精度,极大地改善了井间地震层析成像的质量.即使速度差超过30%,其多尺度的层析结果仍然较好.因此,这种方法具有实际应用的潜力.     

弯曲射线追踪中Dijkstra算法的改进与实现

文章针对图论中寻找最短路径的Dijkstra算法内存占用量大,效率低的缺点,对该算法进行了改进,修改后的算法计算效率是原来的四倍,内存使用量和图中节点数呈线性关系.在此基础上,用新算法求出了激发点和接收点的最短走时路径,并由激发接收点的旅行时结合联合迭代法对理论模型和实际场地进行了反演.结果表明：和直射线追踪相比,弯曲射线路径能更好地反演出地质体内部的速度场分布.理论模型和实际探测结果证实改进后的算法是有效的.     

地磁台站建设中磁测异常现象分析

地磁台建设磁性跟踪测试工作很重要,通过对跟踪磁测中发现的一个异常现象的分析,计算了不同重量、距离的铁磁性物质对磁房建筑场地磁场的影响,讨论了排除施工现场磁性干扰的一些办法,并得出各种重量铁磁性物质与磁房建筑物的安全距离,还讨论了地磁台部分建筑材料的选择问题。     

汞同位素地球化学研究及其在矿床学中的应用进展

汞作为一种重要的成矿元素,广泛分布于不同地质体中,并参与成岩成矿作用.随着质谱技术的飞跃发展,汞同位素地球化学研究取得引人瞩目的进展.汞同位素被广泛地应用于示踪地球表生生物地球化学过程及汞污染等.近年来,汞同位素又被应用于揭示行星的演化过程、识别地质历史时期大火成岩省及示踪矿床成矿物质来源等方面.本文在前人研究的基础上...     

胶州湾潮余流和物质输送之间的关系

基于MIKE21的HD模型,通过模拟得到胶州湾的潮流场,胶州湾在涨急时最大流速1.04m/s,落急时最大流速约为0.96m/s。胶州湾余流总体较小,平均为0.03m/s左右。并在湾内不同位置释放自由粒子,以MIKE21的Particle tracking模型计算出其在潮流作用下的运移轨迹,结果表明粒子大多数运移到湾内近岸区域,少部分在湾口区域附近;在潮流场基础上计算了欧拉余流场,并和粒子运移结果进行对比,表明欧拉余流场在区域流向比较一致时可以表示粒子运动的趋势,为物质迁移、控制污染等方面提供了一定的参考借鉴意义。     

闽江口入海悬沙输运的数值模拟

闽江河口位于福建省东部,本文利用欧拉-拉格朗日差分方法模拟闽江口及附近海域在不同径流下的潮流场,并建立拉格朗日水质点跟踪方法近似模拟了悬沙在海域中的迁移过程．水质点运动轨迹计算结果表明,闽江口悬沙在外海主要向南方或东南方输运,其轨迹呈现螺旋线．在洪峰流量下,悬沙运移距离较远．     

Isotopic tracing of ore-forming source materials for Dexing porphyry copper deposit of Jiangxi, China

Dexing copper deposit is the biggest porphyry copper deposit in China. By researching isotopes of C, Si and Cu from the samples of Tongchang and Fujiawu ore-field, the authors found that δ^13 CpDB values of siderite were close to the δ^13 CpDB value of original magma; δ^30Si values of the samples at the ore-forming stage were close to the δ^30 Si value range of magma, δ^30Si values of partial samples were far away from it; Cu isotopic compositions of massive chalcopyrite formed at the early ore-forming stage are higher than that of veinal chalcopyrite formed at the later ore-forming stage. The results show that ore-forming materials were mainly derived from the porphyry body, and part of them were from wall rock materials.     

无主漂油源集合预测方法研究

采用基于"拉格朗日"粒子追踪方法的油粒子数值溯源模式,引入天气预报中的"集合预报"方法,考虑气象、海洋环境背景场误差因素,研究无主溢油源的集合预测方法。对某次渤海中西部溢油溯源事件的数值模拟结果表明,溢油源集合预测分析结果与溢油源实际调查情况相符,表明无主漂油源集合预测方法科学、结论可信。