不同时间尺度的西北太平洋海洋表面温度距平模态的比较

本文利用经验正交分解法(Empirical Orthogonal Function,EOF)对不同月平均和10天平均的西北太平洋海洋表面温度距平数据进行分解,得到月平均和10天平均的西北太平洋海洋表面温度距平分布模态,并对分布模态进行比较。发现尽管数据源相同,但是不同时间分辨率的EOF结果出现正好相反的情况,文章最后从数学的角度解释了月平均和10天平均的海洋表面温度距平模态及其时间系数发生反向的原因。     

关于氡测量标定装置(氡室)和测量单位的统一

本文介绍了作者研制的8505—I型氡室,该氡室可用于准确和快速标定多种测氡装置。作者提出了相应的标定方法,并测定了野外常用的10种氡探测器的标定系数。根据法定计量单位选用了贝克(Bq)和贝克/升(Bq/L)。相应作为各种氡测量的[放射性]活度单位和氡浓度单位。     

地下水逸出氡和溶解氡观测系统的合理设计

本文依据大量观测事实并参考前人所做的工作,对地下水中逸出氡和溶解氡观测系统合理设计进行了深入细致的分析和讨论。研究结果表明,观测系统设计中应注意的主要问题是观测井口装置中主支管空间位置的合理设计、逸出气“集气腔”的大小以及气体(包括自由气体和逸出气体)与液体的分离程度等。根据上述几点并结合井孔自身的不同条件,本文设计出了两种比较合理的井口装置模型,该模型的设计对今后逸出氡和溶解氡观测系统的改造和完善具有现实意义。     

Numerical Simulation of Regional Short-Range Climate Anomalies

With the high-speed development of numerical weather prediction, since the later 1980’s, the prediction of short-range climate anomalies has attracted worldwide meteorologists’ attention. What the so called short-range re-fers to the time scale from one month to one season or more. In dealing with the problem of short-range climate pre-diction, two points are needed noticing: one is the basic research to explore or investigate the mechanism of variability of the slow varying components which mainly include internal dynamics of extratropics, external forcings and tropical dynamics, and the other is the modeling efforts to simulate the process of the long-term evolution of the signal which include the improvement of model quality, stochastic prediction and the air-sea-coupled model (Miyakoda et al.,1986). Previous researches on the numerical prediction of short-term climate anomalies are mostly concentrated in the analysis of variables with global spatial scale, especially the global general atmospheric circulation analysis.As to the simulation or prediction of regional short-term climate anomalies, there exist many difficulties and problems. Though some meteorologists are devoting themself to this field, up to now, they have not reached satisfac-tory results. As a primary effort, by using the 2-level general atmospheric circulation model developed in the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAP-AGCM) (Zeng et al., 1989), and taking the year of 1985 as a case, a numerical simulation of regional short-term climate change is completed. We pay high attention to the predictand of anomalous summer rainfall in the Yangtze River and Yellow River valleys, especially its month-to-month variation.     

Reliability of inexpensive charcoal and alpha-track radon monitors

A comparison between single short-term radon measurements and annual radon measurements in basements shows that significant uncertainties should be associated with the short-term measurements. Activated charcoal radon monitors which measure radon over a 3 to 7 day interval yield measurements that should carry a ± 90% uncertainty in terms of estimating annual radon concentration. Alpha-track radon monitors which measure radon over a 3 month interval should carry a ± 30% uncertainty. Decisions about home purchases, home remediation and the development of risk characterizations may often be incorrect if currently popular but unrealistically low estimates of uncertainty are applied to short-term radon measurements. Optimal results are obtained from year-long alpha-track measurements.     

强震前电磁波异常观测研究

本文报导了1981年以来,特别是1985年以来架设于楚雄观测站的电磁波接收器记录到的电磁波异常现象。后出,1985年一1987年4月停记前,以观测站为中心,400公里为半径范围内,发生了18次M_L>5.0级地震,有15次地震前记录到明显异常(其余3次异常不太明显,当作无异常)。结果表明,电磁波异常观测是一种有希望的临震预报手段。     

Interpretation of aeromagnetic anomalies over part of Southeastern Nigeria using three-dimensional Hilbert transformation

We present the results of the application of three-dimensional Hilbert transformation to the analysis of airborne total field magnetic anomalies over part of Southeastern Nigeria. This study not only substantiates the usefulness of 3-D Hilbert transforms in the interpretation of magnetic anomaly maps but also more clearly delineates the structural pattern of the area, of study. Results from the previous study are discussed in relation to the results of previous geological and geophysical studies of the area.     

A GLOBAL COUPLED OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE MODEL OF SHALLOW WATER WAVE AND ITS NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS

A global coupled air-sea model of shallow water wave is developed based on coupled ocean-atmospheredynamics.The coupling is realized through the air-sea interaction process that the atmosphere acts on theocean by wind stress and the ocean acts on the atmosphere with heating proportional to sea surface temperature(SST)anomaly.The equation is harotropic primitive one.Response experiments of coupling system arealso carried out SSTA in two categories of intensities.Compared with the results of AGCM simulation ex-periment in which only the dynamic change of air system is considered,it demonstrates that the air-seainteraction between the tropical ocean and the global atmosphere plays a very important role in the evolutionof climate system.The results of numerical simulation show that it is encouraging.