北祁连西段熬油沟及卡洼沟一带Au、Pt、Pd异常特征及找矿方向

北祁连西段作为甘肃一个重要的多金属成矿带，随着地质找矿工作不断地加强，日渐重要。根据熬油沟及卡洼沟一带水系沉积物、岩屑和岩石剖面测量结果，对Au、Pt、Pd和Pb、Zn等成矿元素的分布特征和组合关系进行了分析，总结了该处成矿地质背景和地球化学异常特征，指出了找矿方向。     

黄海陆架表层水温的低频振动

本文在对位于黄海南部陆架上的朝连岛站30年水温资料进行分析时发现,该站的表层水温有周期大于20个月的低频振动,其中以准两年周期和6年周期最显著。陆架水温的这种低频振动是对东亚季风异常的响应。这种低频振动在冬季与渤海冰情的变化同步;在夏季与黄海底层冷水团的强弱相关。同时,这种低频振动在对马暖流上也有一定的反映。     

玄武岩成分变异原因

笔者等研究发现山东栖霞和浙江西垄两地新生代玄武岩中分别产有奇特的富钾霞石质和富透长石质熔体玻璃地幔捕虏体,而且它们与寄主玄武岩之间有强烈的混染反应.表明玄武岩浆不是一元系岩浆,而是不同期多元系岩浆.多元系所占比例差别很大,决定了玄武岩浆成分的多样性.另外,此玄武岩成分也很特别:①不见斜长石,主要是铬透辉石(Mg质太多);②含有较多霞石;③全岩SiO2低,37％ ～39％.此玄武岩应称为透辉石岩.     

基于探地雷达属性分析的典型岩溶不良地质识别方法

采用探地雷达进行岩溶隧道超前地质预报时,受现场探测环境、岩溶地质的复杂性以及解译技术制约,多解性问题一直未能得到很好解决。从依托工程中选取代表性的案例,分析总结隧道建设中常见的几种典型岩溶不良地质的属性特征,结果表明岩溶不良地质类型与探地雷达属性参数有很好相关性,其中:空腔型溶洞、干燥松散黏土夹碎石充填型溶洞和无水破碎带雷达反射波中心频率随时间衰减较慢,分布范围分别为90~105、85~100、70~110MHz;软塑状黏土充填型溶洞和富水破碎带雷达反射波中心频率随时间衰减较快,分布范围分别为60~80MHz和40~70MHz。研究属性特征定量表示方法,提出基于广义S变换及子波谱模拟的雷达波吸收衰减参数计算方法。实际数据分析结果表明:每种属性都能从某些角度反映岩溶不良地质体雷达反射波的特征,在综合多个特征参数后,可以较好地区分不同的岩溶不良地质类型,从而提高探地雷达目标识别精度。     

鸡东泉水氡中短期异常与黑龙江省东部深震关系的初探

本文利用从属函数方法对1993～2008年鸡东泉水氡资料做分析.共提取出5次从属函数中短期异常,其中4次对应了在黑龙江及中俄边界邻区发生的ML≥5.5级地震(△＜350公里).对异常特征及其地震的对应关系做了讨论,提出了中强、强震时间预测的指标与方法.     

江东测区航磁异常地面查证结果的再认识

笔者结合1/5万磁法扫面及相关磁参数测定工作,在路线地质调查的基础上,进一步对引起江东测区航磁异常的原因进行了客观的分析和总结,得出该区磁异常并非某些专家所讲由"似条带状含铁硅质岩建造(铁多金属矿化)"引起,而实由高黎贡山群中-高级区域变质岩类产生的结论,并对在该区进行地质勘查的找矿标志、矿床类型等找矿方向提出了自己的观点.     

Dynamics of upper tropospheric stationary wave anomalies induced by ENSO during the northern summer: A GCM study

Ensemble seasonal integrations are carried out with the COLA GCM, with a view to understand the dynamical connection between warm SST anomalies in the equatorial central-eastern Pacific Ocean and the upper level stationary wave anomalies seen during drought years over the Indian summer monsoon region. In addition, experiments with and without orography are performed in order to examine the role of the Himalayas in modulating the El Niño induced stationary wave anomalies over the summer monsoon region. The GCM simulations show a statistically significant weakening of the summer monsoon activity over India in response to the SST forcing in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. This weakening of the summer monsoon appears to be largely related to modifications of the local Hadley and Walker cells over the summer monsoon region. In addition, it is seen that the anomalous ENSO divergent forcing over the tropical Pacific Ocean can act as a potential source for Rossby wave dispersion. Here one finds the possibility of meridionally propagating Rossby waves, which emanate from the ENSO forcing region, to interact with the subtropical westerlies and generate anomalous highs and lows in the subtropics and extratropics. The quasi-stationary perturbations seen over west Asia, Pakistan and northwest India during drought years, seem to be generated by the above mechanism. An alternate mechanism that could be important for the persistence of the quasi-stationary perturbations seems to be based on the dynamic excitation of middle latitude normal modes which can extract energy from the zonally varying unstable basic flow. It is seen from the GCM simulations, that the Himalayan orography plays a crucial role in anchoring the El Niño induced extratropical westerly troughs far to the west in the high latitude belt. In the absence of orography it is seen that the ENSO induced extra-tropical cyclonic anomalies tend to intrude southward into the monsoon region thereby destroying the regional scale circulations completely. Another effect due to the Himalayas is to generate lee waves on the eastern side of the topographic barrier which encircle the globe in the subtropics and midlatitudes.     

西藏南木林盆地铀异常地质特征及成矿条件分析

西藏南木林盆地是一个经历多次构造活动的中-新生代断陷盆地,近年来在该盆地相继发现了一批铀异常点(带),主要产于第三系流纹岩、凝灰岩和喜山期花岗岩中。该盆地基底、蚀源区及盖层岩石的铀含量普遍较高,具有成矿的物质基础;盆地断裂构造也比较发育,中东部断裂带铀异常明显;铀异常具有点多、分布广的特点,是铀矿找矿的重点地区之一。笔者初步认为,南木林盆地具有形成花岗岩型、火山岩型等构造热液型铀矿床的有利地质条件和找矿前景。     

Classification of near-surface anomalies in the seismic refraction method according to the shape of the time–distance graph: A theoretical approach

Results obtained by SASW and PS-logging (in-hole) seismic techniques are compared with the relatively new ReMi (Refraction microtremor) method at a common site with a well-known soil profile: a recently constructed high-speed railway embankment. PS-logging is the most accurate technique in identifying the soil profile of the embankment followed by Re-Mi and SASW. Mean shear wave velocity estimations are also higher for PS-logging, followed by SASW and ReMi, while mean deviation is similar in each technique. The ReMi technique has provided very accurate results in the study of the embankment profile, which in addition to its high operability and its fast data processing, makes it a very convenient technique for extensive geotechnical surveys.