基于Qt的VSP波场分离系统的设计与实现

VSP技术是近几年发展比较迅速的一种重要地震观测方法,如何有效地分离上、下行波,是应用VSP资料所要解决的首要问题。介绍了几种常用的VSP波场分离方法原理及其实现步骤,利用跨平台的C＋＋图形用户界面库Qt,开发了VSP波场分离系统。系统操作界面友好、功能强大,已在实际资料处理中得到很好的应用。     

温泉水库坝址区断裂活动性氡气测量成果分析评价

采用ＨＤＳ－１型快速数字闪烁测氡仪，对温泉水库坝址区活动断裂（带）或破碎带以及地震鼓包等进行了氡气测试。在计算与确定了氡含量、背景值、异常值及其背景值与异常值之差等有关数据资料的基础上，对１１条测氧剖面的成果进行了解释分析，从而判定出了隐伏活动断裂（带）或破碎带的空间分布位置，并分析评价了断裂（带）之间的相对活动强弱及其活动性。     

关于浅层地震勘探和测氡定位隐伏断裂的初步探讨

分别介绍了浅层地震勘探和测氡定位隐伏断裂的基本原理和工作方法.对其各自在测试和解释中的一些影响因素进行了简单研究,并对两种方法的可行性及其前景做了初步探讨.     

Radon-222 in medicinal groundwaters of Szczawno Zdrój (Sudety Mountains, SW Poland)

 Radon is a significant component of the groundwaters that discharge in the springs of Szczawno Zdrój and are recognized as medicinal. However, among the five exploited springs adjoining each other, it is only in Marta Spring that radon occurs in large concentrations (up to 325.6 Bq/dm³). Therefore, the authors have made an attempt to describe and clarify this fact. They found out from their own research and archival data that ²²²Rn dissolves in the waters of Marta Spring after acidulous waters of deep circulation have mixed with poorly mineralized shallow waters in their outflow zone. The genesis of the gas is determined by the content of its parent nuclide, ²²⁶Ra, in the sandstones in the vicinity of the intake. The volume of the rocks providing radon to the waters of this intake has been estimated at several hundred cubic metres. No seasonal fluctuations in radon concentration have been observed and ²²²Rn concentration changes do not seem to be influenced by changes in the concentration of other chemical components of the waters or by the discharge of the intake. The process of dissolving ²²²Rn in the medicinal groundwaters of Marta Spring is the last, the shortest, and the most local of the processes that form the chemical composition and the physical properties of these waters. Received: 7 January 2000 · Accepted: 12 August 2000     

Study of the radon concentrations in drinking water from three main cities of Shaanxi Province,China

This paper presents the results of radon concentration measurements in the drinking water from the municipal water supply system and private wells of Xian, Xianyang and Baoji city of Shaanxi province of China. The measurements were carried out on 38 samples. Radon levels in drinking water in Xian, Xianyang and Baoji were found to be 5.78, 13.04 and 15.01 k Bq m^–3, respectively. The AM radon concentration of private well water from Xianyang and Baoji is 28.84 k Bq m^–3 and 38.85 k Bq m^–3, respectively, which is 2.56 times and 3.14 times as high as that of tap water radon, respectively. The radiation risk of radon in water would be due to degassing and not due to drinking water. The domestic use of showers, humidifiers, and cooking, washing up, laundering, etc. may lead to an additional increase of the radon concentration in the indoor air. The observed radon concentration in drinking water from three main cities of Shaanxi Province can contribute to a 4.86 to 32.63% increase in indoor radon concentration and can cause 0.068±0.016 mSv y^–1 to 0.177±0.045 mSv y^–1 extra annual effective dose to males, 0.060±0.014 mSv y^–1 to 0.155±0.039 mSv y^–1 to females. The mean annual effective dose equivalents to males and females of Xianyang and Baoji from well water account for 25.94 to 39.75% of environmental radon and radon daughters annual effective dose equivalents. The radon concentrations in the well water from Xianyang and Baoji will bring a definite additional risk to the population.     

Evaluation of geodynamic activity of the Dead Sea transform fault by radon gas concentrations

Twelve radon lines of dosimeters (detectors) were placed across the Jordan Valley active fault, which is a segment of the active Dead Sea transform fault system. Each line of the dosimeters shows one or more peaks of radon anomaly concentrations. Some of these peaks prove the intersection of the fault trace with these lines in areas where the fault plane is inferred. In other lines, the peaks correspond to the arrangement of faults in areas of pull-apart basins (sag ponds) or pressure ridges, formed due to the left or right step of the fault. Sag ponds usually show low radon emanations, because they are the place for the accumulation of very fine sediments, which decreases their porosity and hence the upward migration of the radon gas. The northern part of the Jordan Valley relatively shows high radon emanation, which could be attributed to the presence of a seismic gap in the upper Jordan valley.     

强震水氡前兆场异常特征及其物理解释

研究了岩石中微裂隙的产生与地下水氡浓度变化的关系以及孕震过程中微裂隙时空变化图像,揭示了水氡前兆场的时空变化特征及其物理机制。结果表明,孕震过程中岩石微破裂的生长是导致地下水氡含量升高及地震前出现水氡异常的原因;震源区及附近地区的膨胀和微破裂最早出现,并最为发育和集中,因此水氡异常也最早出现,也最为集中;孕震过程中微破裂增加,导致地下水氡含量升高,水氡趋势异常以趋势性升高为主。     

庐江台人工测氡与数字化自动测氡对比分析研究

以安徽庐江台观测资料为基础，分析数字化测氡与人工取样测氡结果的精度、相关性影响因素等。数字化测氡观测精度高，但受气温、气压影响较大；气氡与水氡资料动态特征有较大差异。数字化气氡值与人工测气氡、人工测水氡不相关。Rn气/Rn水与井水温成正比。由于数字化测氡观测时间较短，资料又非常有限，还缺少一定的震例，因此，在一定时间内数字化测氡与人工测水氡应同时进行。     

民和水氡正常动态与异常变化特征分析

通过校正曲线异常分析方法，对民和泉点多年水氡观测资料进行综合分析和映震能力检验，得到该泉水氡正常年变化规律及异常变化形态曲线图。并利用该资料的异常变化特征进一步探索本区域未来地震异常反映规律。     

综合物探探测煤矿采空塌陷区

简述了煤矿采空塌陷区的形成及影响，论述了高分辩地震法、α卡法和钻孔弹性波ＣＴ法的地球物理基础，对此３种物探方法的使用效果进行了比较，还列举了综合探测的应用实例。