行星际闪烁单站单频数据处理

太阳风是日地空间的主要物质来源,太阳风的观测对日地空间环境及地球物理的研究具有重要意义。地基行星际闪烁观测是监测太阳风风速,测量太阳风等离子体不规则结构,研究遥远致密射电源角径的重要且有效的方法。介绍了行星际闪烁地基观测的单站单频模式的基本理论,针对单站单频模式观测的数据处理及自编软件。本文的工作是为行星际闪烁单站双频系统数据分析处理作前期准备。     

Analysis of a giant lightning storm on Saturn

On January 23, 2006, the Cassini/RPWS (Radio and Plasma Wave Science) instrument detected a massive outbreak of SEDs (Saturn Electrostatic Discharges). The following SED storm lasted for about one month and consisted of 71 consecutive episodes. It exceeded all other previous SED observations by Cassini as well as by the Voyagers with regard to number and rate of detected events. At the same time astronomers at the Earth as well as Cassini/ISS (Imaging Science Subsystem) detected a distinctive bright atmospheric cloud feature at a latitude of 35° South, strongly confirming the current interpretation of SEDs being the radio signatures of lightning flashes in Saturn's atmosphere. In this paper we will analyze the main physical properties of this SED storm and of a single small SED storm from 2005. The giant SED storm of 2006 had maximum burst rates of 1 SED every 2 s, its episodes lasted for 5.5 h on average, and the episode's periodicity of about 10.66 h exactly matched the period of the ISS observed cloud feature. Using the low frequency cutoff of SED episodes we determined an ionospheric electron density around ¹⁰⁴ cm⁻³ for the dawn side of Saturn.     

Loss-Cone Instability and Formation of Zebra Patterns in Type IV Solar Radio Bursts

The loss-cone instability of energetic electrons at double plasma resonance is considered. Conditions required for the formation of a zebra pattern in type IV solar radio bursts are determined. It is shown that electrons with a power-law energetic spectrum can effectively excite upper-hybrid waves at double plasma resonance. Stripes of a zebra pattern become more pronounced with an increase of the loss-cone opening angle and the power-law spectral index. The growth rate at the resonance frequencies decreases with an increase of the cyclotron harmonic number. Interpretation of observations and diagnostics of plasma for the April 21, 2002, event are performed. Conclusions about the impulsive mode of injection of energetic electrons into a coronal arc are made.     

The influence of the interplanetary medium on SuperDARN radar scattering occurrence

The effects of the characteristics of the interplanetary medium on the radar scattering occurrence, related to the whole array of SuperDARN radars installed in the Northern Hemisphere, have been studied over a two-year period. Statistically significant correlations of the variation of the scattering occurrence are found with the merging electric field and with the negative B_z component of the interplanetary magnetic field, independent of the seasonal period considered. This result demonstrates that the merging rate (and in particular the reconnection process) between the interplanetary magnetic field and the magnetosphere is a relevant factor affecting the occurrence of scattering. For comparison, we note that no statistically significant correlations are obtained when the interplanetary ion density or the solar wind speed are considered, although also these variables affect to a small degree the scattering occurrence variation. The study of the latitudinal and magnetic local time dependence of the observations shows an association between the considered correlation and the location of the auroral oval and the cusp/cleft region.     

Long term ionospheric electron content variations over Delhi

Ionospheric electron content (IEC) observed at Delhi (geographic co-ordinates: 28.63°N, 77.22°E; geomagnetic co-ordinates: 19.08°N, 148.91E; dip Latitude 24.8°N), India, for the period 1975/80 and 1986/89 belonging to an ascending phase of solar activity during first halves of solar cycles 21 and 22 respectively have been used to study the diurnal, seasonal, solar and magnetic activity variations. The diurnal variation of seasonal mean of IEC on quiet days shows a secondary peak comparable to the daytime peak in equinox and winter in high solar activity. IEC_max (daytime maximum value of IEC, one per day) shows winter anomaly only during high solar activity at Delhi. Further, IEC_max shows positive correlation with F_10.7 up to about 200 flux units at equinox and 240 units both in winter and summer; for greater F_10.7 values, IEC_max is substantially constant in all the seasons. IECmax and magnetic activity (A_p) are found to be positively correlated in summer in high solar activity. Winter IEC_max shows positive correlation with A_p in low solar activity and negative correlation in high solar activity in both the solar cycles. In equinox IEC_max is independent of A_p in both solar cycles in low solar activity. A study of day-to-day variations in IEC_max shows single day and alternate day abnormalities, semi-annual and annual variations controlled by the equatorial electrojet strength, and 27-day periodicity attributable to the solar rotation.     

射电日像仪天线及工作频率的设想

The article analysizes the current situation and opportunity of the development of radioheliograph in China. It provides an idea to construct the radioheliograph by three stepsfrom small sized,to middle sized,then tobig sized. Each step is to construct a complete radioheliograph. The article also analysizes some important technical performance,such as diameter of element antenna,overall pointing error and observing frequency.     

Morphology and characteristics of radio pulsars

This review describes the observational properties of radio pulsars, fast rotating neutron stars, emitting radio waves. After the introduction we give a list of milestones in pulsar research. The following chapters concentrate on pulsar morphology: the characteristic pulsar parameters such as pulse shape, pulsar spectrum, polarization and time dependence. We give information on the evolution of pulsars with frequency since this has a direct connection with the emission heights, as postulated in the radius to frequency mapping (RFM) concept. We deal successively with the properties of normal (slow) pulsars and of millisecond (fast-recycled) pulsars. The final chapters give the distribution characteristics of the presently catalogued 1300 objects.Received: 5 December 2003, Published online: 15 April 2004 Correspondence to: Richard Wielebinski     

加卸载响应比理论用于矿震预测的初步研究

加卸载响应比(LURR)理论是一种前景很好的中期地震预测方法,通常在强烈地震发生前的数月至1～2年LURR出现高值,因而LURR可以作为强烈天然地震的前兆,用此方法曾经成功地预测过Northridge地震(1994年1月17日,M6.7,美国加州),Kanto地震(1996年9月11日,M6.6,日本)及不少发生在中国的天然地震。用房山煤矿1992年8月至1993年7月的微震资料,计算了全年内7组M>2.1矿震前的加卸载响应比Y值,其中5组矿震前Y值均明显大于1(Y≥2.9)。以上结果表明,加卸载响应比理论有可能用于矿震的预测。     

New techniques for auroral irregularity studies with COSCAT

The COSCAT system enables the detection of E-region auroral backscatter with the EISCAT remote receivers at magnetic aspect angles close to 90°. This is achieved by utilising a low-power transmitter stationed in Oulu, Finland. Many important observations of E-region irregularities have been achieved with this simple experiment. Recent studies have attempted to push the COSCAT system to its experimental limits. Firstly, the CW signal has been phase-modulated with 13-bit Barker codes with baud lengths of 40, 70 and 100 s. Interpretation of the received power allows the spatial distribution of the auroral scatterers to be determined. The second advance is in the use of a sophisticated correlator program which allows data to be buffered within the correlator at very high time resolution. This enables the coherent backscatter power to be sampled every 12.5 ms and the full auto-correlation function to be measured every 100 ms. These measurements allow the COSCAT system to be employed for the first time in an investigation of the growth and decay of the auroral irregularities.     

Revision of the basic equations of wave distribution function analysis

The basic equations of wave distribution function analysis are rewritten in forms that treat the electric and magnetic fields of the waves in a more symmetrical way than the original equations do, and are slightly better for computing.