抗弯框架-钢板剪力墙结构体系抗震性能研究

基于等效拉杆理论和静力弹塑性分析法,对8层钢板剪力墙结构进行了静力推覆分析,在节点铰接和刚接连接形式下,分析了结构层间剪力分配、荷载-位移曲线、塑性铰出现顺序等指标,研究了节点刚度变化对结构整体性能的影响.结果表明:三跨刚接模型中,剪力墙承担约65％水平剪力,钢框架承担约35％,梁柱铰接后承载力降低29％左右.单跨刚接模型中,剪力墙承担约80％水平剪力,钢框架承担约20％,梁柱铰接后承载力降低9％左右.梁柱刚接为双重抗侧力体系,相邻跨框架能提供有效刚度,节点连接形式对结构承载力的影响不容忽视.     

Quasi-plane-hypothesis of strain coordination for RC beams seismically strengthened with externally-bonded or near-surface mounted fiber reinforced plastic

The application of fiber reinforced plastic(FRP),including carbon FRP and glass FRP,for structural repair and strengthening has grown due to their numerous advantages over conventional materials such as externally bonded reinforcement(EBR) and near-surface mounted(NSM) strengthening techniques.This paper summarizes the results from 21 reinforced concrete beams strengthened with different methods,including externally-bonded and near-surface mounted FRP,to study the strain coordination of the FRP and steel rebar of the RC beam.Since there is relative slipping between the RC beam and the FRP,the strain of the FRP and steel rebar of the RC beam satisfy the quasi-plane-hypothesis;that is,the strain of the longitudinal fiber that parallels the neutral axis of the plated beam within the scope of the effective height(h 0) of the cross section is in direct proportion to the distance from the fiber to the neutral axis.The strain of the FRP and steel rebar satisfies the equation:ε FRP =βε steel,and the value of β is equal to 1.1-1.3 according to the test results.     

Pushover analysis of reinforced concrete frames considering shear failure at beam-column joints

Since most current seismic capacity evaluations of reinforced concrete(RC) frame structures are implemented by either static pushover analysis(PA) or dynamic time history analysis,with diverse settings of the plastic hinges(PHs) on such main structural components as columns,beams and walls,the complex behavior of shear failure at beam-column joints(BCJs) during major earthquakes is commonly neglected.This study proposes new nonlinear PA procedures that consider shear failure at BCJs and seek to assess the actual damage to RC structures.Based on the specifications of FEMA-356,a simplified joint model composed of two nonlinear cross struts placed diagonally over the location of the plastic hinge is established,allowing a sophisticated PA to be performed.To verify the validity of this method,the analytical results for the capacity curves and the failure mechanism derived from three different full-size RC frames are compared with the experimental measurements.By considering shear failure at BCJs,the proposed nonlinear analytical procedures can be used to estimate the structural behavior of RC frames,including seismic capacity and the progressive failure sequence of joints,in a precise and effective manner.     

Comparative efficiency analysis of different nonlinear modelling strategies to simulate the biaxial response of RC columns

The performance of different nonlinear modelling strategies to simulate the response of RC columns subjected to axial load combined with cyclic biaxial horizontal loading is compared. The models studied are classified into two categories according to the nonlinearity distribution assumed in the elements: lumped-plasticity and distributed inelasticity. For this study, results of tests on 24 columns subjected to cyclic uniaxial and biaxial lateral displacements were numerically reproduced. The analyses show that the global envelope response is satisfactorily represented with the three modelling strategies, but significant differences were found in the strength degradation for higher drift demands and energy dissipation.     

一种新型低成本海洋测温仪的研制

设计采用新型的测量模式,用单片机内部计数器记录由精密电阻及精密电容构成的RC电路充电和放电时间并根据相应的算法计算得出热敏电阻阻值,在此过程中采用比值算法消去部分器件精度引起的误差,热敏电阻阻值转化为温度值(即数据处理)采用基于最小二乘法的曲线拟合方法.该测温仪主要由RC电路、C8051F005、AT45DB642D、PCF8583构成.RC电路由精密电阻、精密电容及热敏电阻构成,C8051F005控制整个系统的运行及运算,AT45DB642D为8MB容量FLASH存储器,PCF8583为整个系统提供日历时钟并通过输出中断控制电源模块使能与禁止.为测试该测温仪性能,该测温仪与RBR TR- 1060在外海进行了对比试验,效果良好.     

基于地震动参数的RC框架结构易损性分析

以某典型的12层钢筋混凝土框架结构作为研究对象,研究基于非线性动力时程分析和地震动参数的RC框架结构易损性分析方法。首先采用静力pushover分析判定结构薄弱层,并确定结构性能(capacity)参数;然后应用非线性动力时程分析估计结构地震反应,研究以峰值加速度和基本周期加速度反应谱作为地震动参数结构反应的不确定性,并进一步分析结构地震需求(demand)参数与地震动参数的关系;在此基础上,分别建立该结构基于峰值加速度和加速度反应谱的易损性曲线,通过考虑场地条件对地震动特性的影响,研究场地条件对结构易损性的影响,结果表明不同场地条件下的结构易损性曲线有一定差异。应用本文方法,根据新一代地震区划图或地震安全性评价确定的地震动参数,可以直接估计结构在未来地震中出现不同破坏的概率,这在结构的抗震性能评估和地震损失预测中有一定意义。     

竖向荷载作用下钢管混凝土柱双向RC楼盖整体性能

通过钢管混凝土柱双向RC楼盖的竖向荷载试验,研究了其整体力学性能,包括弯矩分布规律、挠度变化规律及破坏形态等性能。将美国直接设计法、中国经验系数法、有限元分析结果与试验结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,直接设计法和经验系数法均可用于周边固支双向楼盖的设计与配筋,但弯矩系数需调整,周边现浇剪力墙体可以使楼盖整体承载力显著提高。楼盖挠度变化与区格形状、楼盖厚度及跨度等因素有关。建议在规定限制范围内,适当增加板厚,同时可采用钢管混凝土柱基础和剪力墙基础一体化施工,以提高结构整体刚度。     

村镇建筑砌体结构滑移隔震性能研究1

村镇建筑多以砖混结构为主,抗震性能相对较弱,砂垫层摩擦滑移隔震技术由于诸多优点较适合广大农村建筑.本文介绍了砂垫层基础滑移隔震的设计原则和分析模型,以常见的两层砖混结构为例,采用Abaqus有限元软件分析不同摩擦系数、不同加速度峰值下隔震层的滑移,并在此基础上确定隔震层在多遇和罕遇地震作用下的摩擦系数及滑移量建议限值;通过验算不同砂浆的抗震受剪承载力,得出不同摩擦力作用下满足抗震受剪承载力的最低砂浆标准,所得结论对农村滑移隔震建筑的选材具有一定参考意义.     

剪力键支护体系的构想及模型试验研究

针对深大基坑支护工程中存在的问题提出了一种新型的支护形式-剪力键支护体系,由竖直桩和斜向支撑的剪力键构成。通过模型试验,对剪力键组和单排悬臂桩组分别量测了不同开挖深度时的桩顶水平位移及桩身内力,同时进行了有限元的数值模拟。结果表明剪力键组的桩顶最大水平位移约为悬臂组的1/10,桩身最大弯矩值约为悬臂组的一半左右。剪力键支护体系具有更大的刚度,能够有效减小桩顶位移及桩身最大弯矩,且耗材相对较少,支护深度较大,占据空间较少,不影响主体地下室施工,可节约工期和成本,为深大基坑的支护提供了新的型式。     

基于时频分析与深度学习的结构震后损伤评估

为评估地震后钢筋混凝土(RC)框架结构的损伤状态,提高损伤评估的效率和精度,文章提出一种基于时频分析和一维卷积神经网络(1D-CNN)的地震损伤评估方法。首先利用增量动力时程分析对一个6层RC框架结构进行地震损伤模拟,并根据最大层间位移角对加速度信号进行损伤程度的标定,以此来获取数据样本,随后应用五种不同的时频分析方法对原始信号进行处理;然后建立基于1D-CNN的地震损伤评估模型,并利用贝叶斯优化算法寻找模型中的最优参数组合;最后评估所提出模型方法在噪声情况下的泛化能力。研究结果表明：五种时频分析方法中,小波散射变换方法的准确率最高,达92.5%,且计算速度也最快,仅需144 s;另外在噪声下该方法仍可以保持较高的损伤评估准确率,具有较好的鲁棒性和泛化能力。