Coupled dynamic analysis of a mini TLP: Comparison with measurements

The dynamically coupled interaction between the hull of a floating platform and its risers and tendons plays an important role in the global motions of the platform and the tension loads in the tendons and risers. This is an especially critical design issue in the frequency ranges outside the wave frequencies of significant energy content. This study examines the importance of this coupled dynamic interaction and the effectiveness of different approaches for their prediction. A numerical code, named COUPLE, has been developed for computing the motions and tensions pertaining to a moored floating structure positioned and restrained by its mooring/tendon and riser systems. In this study the experimentally measured motions of a mini-TLP are compared with those computed using COUPLE and alternative predictions based upon quasi-static analysis. The comparisons confirm that COUPLE is able to predict the dynamic interaction between the hull and its tendon and riser systems while the related quasi-static analysis fails. The comparisons also show that wave loads on the mini-TLP can be accurately predicted using the Morison equation provided that the wavelength of incident waves is much longer than the diameters of the columns and pontoons and that the wave kinematics used are sufficiently accurate. Although these findings are based upon the case of a mini-TLP, they are expected to be relevant to a wide range of floating or compliant deepwater structures.     

刚性桩复合地基抗震计算的一种简化方法

应用广泛的刚性桩复合地基目前其抗震设计还没有足够简便的计算方法,工程设计中对其抗震设计往往予以回避。本文首先介绍了笔者之前的一种对刚性桩复合地基进行抗震分析的拟静力方法,进而对其中有关上部结构惯性作用对桩身内力影响的计算部分进行了进一步简化,之后通过多种设计工况及实际土层条件下的计算对比,验证了改进方法的可行性。还对上部结构惯性作用的影响深度、地基分层对桩身内力的影响等进行了讨论。     

Numerical validation of analytical solutions and their use for equivalent-linear seismic analysis of circular tunnels

The first part of this paper presents an extensive validation of four analytical solutions for the seismic design of circular tunnels. The validation is performed with a quasi-static finite element (FE) model which conforms to the assumptions of the analytical solutions. Analyses are performed for a wide range of flexibility ratios, slippage conditions at soil–lining interface, assuming both drained and undrained behaviour. Based on the numerical predictions the relative merits of the considered analytical solutions are discussed and recommendations are given for their use in design. The second part of this paper explores the use of equivalent linear soil properties in analytical solutions as an approximate way of simulating nonlinearity. The results of equivalent linear site response analyses are used as an input for the analytical solutions. The comparison of the analytical predictions with nonlinear numerical analysis results is very satisfactory. The results of this study suggest that analytical solutions can be used for preliminary design using equivalent linear properties and the corresponding compatible strain as an approximate way of accounting for nonlinear soil response.     

预应力混凝土空心方桩承台节点抗震性能试验研究

对预应力混凝土空心方桩-承台节点进行了6组足尺试件的拟静力试验,分别讨论轴压力、桩身配筋量、桩头嵌固深度和加载方向等4个因素对节点抗震性能的影响.研究表明:对于HKFZ400(210)桩型,在1 700 kN及以上的轴压作用下,主要的破坏模式为近节点区桩身压弯破坏,破坏性质均为小偏心破坏;轴向荷载使得预应力混凝土空心方桩承台节点极限抗弯承载力增强,却削弱其变形能力,在1 700 kN轴压作用下节点表现出了较好的变形能力;对角线加载方向是构件的静力弱方向,其极限承载力略低于正截面加载,但却有更大的变形能力;在50 mm嵌固深度条件下,节点区没有发生锚固失效,反而表现出了更大的变形能力,但在破坏状态下的等效粘滞阻尼系数有所降低.     

四种地下结构抗震设计简化分析方法对比

在地下结构抗震设计简化分析方法中,强制反应位移法将土层变形施加在有限元模型侧边界模拟地震作用,反应加速度法将土层加速度施加到整个有限元模型上模拟地震作用,此外还有仅将土层加速度施加到土层模型上模拟地震作用的方法。上述方法均规避了反应位移法中关于弹簧刚度的取值问题,提高了计算效率。本文以1个双跨箱形结构为例,用动力时程分析的计算结果作为校核,分析了强制反应位移法、反应加速度法和仅将土层加速度施加到土体中的简化分析方法在不同侧边距条件下的计算精度,再结合常用的反应位移法,对比分析了4种简化分析方法的误差。分析结果表明:使用强制反应位移法时,侧边距取为1倍结构宽度导致的误差最小,反应加速度法和仅在土体施加加速度的简化方法对侧边距取值不敏感,反应位移法在角点造成的误差最大。