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71.
The MM5, which is the PSU/NCAR mesoscale nonhydrostatic limited-area model, and its
adjoining modeling system are used in this paper. Taking T106 analysis data as background field the authors
generate an optimal initial condition of a typhoon by using two bogus data assimilation schemes, and conduct
some numerical simulating experiments. The results of No.9608 typhoon (Gloria) show that the optimal initial
field have some dramatic improvements, such as inaccurate position of typhoon center, weaker typhoon
circulation and incomplete inner structure of the typhoon, which are caused by shortage of data over the sea.
Some improvements have been made in the track forecast. Through several comparing experiments, the
initialization optimized by BDA scheme is found to be more reasonable than GFDL scheme and its typhoon track
forecast is better. 相似文献
72.
M. J. Best C. S. B. Grimmond Maria Gabriella Villani 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2006,118(3):503-525
The UK Met Office has introduced a new scheme for its urban tile in MOSES 2.2 (Met Office Surface Exchange Scheme version 2.2), which is currently implemented within the operational Met Office weather forecasting model. Here, the performance of the urban tile is evaluated in two urban areas: the historic core of downtown Mexico City and a light industrial site in Vancouver, Canada. The sites differ in terms of building structures and mean building heights. In both cases vegetation cover is less than 5%. The evaluation is based on surface energy balance flux measurements conducted at approximately the blending height, which is the location where the surface scheme passes flux data into the atmospheric model. At both sites, MOSES 2.2 correctly simulates the net radiation, but there are discrepancies in the partitioning of turbulent and storage heat fluxes between predicted and observed values. Of the turbulent fluxes, latent heat fluxes were underpredicted by about one order of magnitude. Multiple model runs revealed MOSES 2.2 to be sensitive to changes in the canopy heat storage and in the ratio between the aerodynamic roughness length and that for heat transfer (temperature). Model performance was optimum with heat capacity values smaller than those generally considered for these sites. The results suggest that the current scheme is probably too simple, and that improvements may be obtained by increasing the complexity of the model. 相似文献
73.
北京市大兴区地下水资源开采潜力分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文根据不同含水岩组的水量、水质和水温特征,分析了大兴区地下水资源的开采潜力,提出了地下水开发利用建议,为大兴区城市规划、城市供水方案提供依据。 相似文献
74.
与古遗址相邻的江、河由于后期的工程活动,如水库、大坝的修建和蓄水,水位上升,将对遗址区地下水的运动规律及渗流场产生较大影响。在其影响下,古遗址可能产生各种环境地质灾害并对其发掘安全产生不利影响。论文以国家重点文物——湖南里耶秦代古城遗址安全发掘深度研究为例,在分析水库蓄水诱发的环境地质灾害的基础上,对遗址在不同库水位下的安全发掘深度及发掘方案进行了研究,提出了保障发掘安全的工程措施。研究成果为国家重点文物的保护和进一步发掘提供了科学依据。对类似文物工程的保护和发掘具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
75.
76.
A high-resolution, nonhydrostatic, three-dimensional diagnostic PBL model over small-scale concave terrain was established in this paper. A two-dimensional prognostic model was developed based on the diagnostic model. The hydrostatic approximation was abandoned and the simple energy (E-ε) closure scheme was used in both mod-els. Using the two models, characteristics of PBL structure and its evolution were fully studied. The main characteris-tic of the PBL is the circulation, and it fairly affects the distribution of the pollutant in the pit. 相似文献
77.
大气动力学方程组的定性理论及其应用 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7
基于完整的湿大气动力学方程组,利用无穷维动力系统的新理论和新方法,系统讨论了强迫耗散的非线性大气系统的定性理论及其应用。将完整的强迫耗散非线性湿大气动力学方程组化为Hilbert空间中一个等价的算子方程,研究了算子的性质及其物理意义,在此基础上得到湿大气系统全局吸引子的存在性定理,揭示出系统向外源的非线性适应特征,并把结果推广到有地形动力作用和非定常外源强迫的情形。同时探讨了大气方程组惯性流形的存在,大气多平衡态产生的根源以及强迫、耗散和非线性对系统解的渐近行为的影响。在理论结果的基础上,提出强迫耗散的非线性动力系统中存在三类时间边界层、方程组简化准则、分解算法的算子约束原则以及支撑吸引子基底的少数自由度的构造方法,探讨了理论在非线性发展方程差分格式的设计和计算稳定性分析、多平衡态的数值分析、数值模式延伸预报的改进、短期气候预测以及一类中尺度系统分析与预测中的应用,指出描述长期过程动力学模式的必备条件,给出初值与模式相协调的合理解释。最后,对今后的研究方向作了展望。 相似文献
78.
79.
近年来,随着研究生教育规模的逐年提升,高年级本科教育目标也随之发生一定变化,遥感专业教学中,有必要加强对学生研究能力的培养。本文以矿区资源环境遥感课程为例,以课程综合实验为切入点,结合课程特点提出了半开放式、可拓展的实验架构,探索了面向本科生研究能力培养需求的实验方案设计及教学实践工作,引导学生由被动接受向主动思考转变;由知识吸收向研究实践转变。向学生展示本专业科学研究的基本方法,为学生顺利进入社会工作岗位或转入更高学习阶段打好基础。 相似文献
80.
Impacts of Two Ice Parameterization Schemes on the Cloud Microphysical Processes and Precipitation of a Severe Storm in Northern China 下载免费PDF全文
A severe storm that occurred over Beijing in northern China on 23 June 2011 was simulated with two different ice crystal parameterization schemes(the DeMott scheme and Meyers scheme) by using the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System. Compared with the DeMott scheme, the simulation results with the Meyers scheme have the following characteristics:(1) Updrafts are stronger and more numerous;(2) The cloud is better organized and contains a greater peak of ice-phase hydrometeor mixing ratios;(3) Cloud water and hail mixing ratios increase while graupel mixing ratios decrease;(4) The surface precipitation is initially greater. However, at the end of the simulation, less precipitation is produced. In short, the differences between the two schemes are not obvious, but the De Mott scheme has a relatively more reasonable result. 相似文献