AIPS对综合孔径展源的图象处理

本文介绍了用美国国立射电天文台图象处理软件系统—AIPS对综合孔径VLA观测数据的处理方法,特别是对展源,要得到高质量的图象,在编辑及成图中要注意的事项。作者根据自己的实际工作,总结了用AIPS进行图象处理的经验。     

A SPATIALLY-VARYING PARAMETER MODEL OF AFDC PARTICIPATION: EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS USING THE EXPANSION METHOD*

Spatial variation in the importance of determinants of participation in the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program (AFDC) is investigated for the U.S. Casetti's Expansion Method is applied to the two-dimensional space domain by making the model's parameters a function of state x–y centroids. The spatially-varying parameter model suggests that the black population's association with participation is lowest in the Southeast and Northwest and greatest in the Southwest and Northeast.     

Annual and monthly rainfall data generation schemes

Synthetic annual and monthly rainfall data series are generated by using autoregressive (AR) processes, Thomas-Fiering (TF) model, method of fragments (F) and its modified version (MF), two-tier (TT) model, and a newly developed wavelet (W) approach. It is seen that the W approach is as well in preserving the statistical behavior of the observed data series as the classical annual and monthly hydrological data generation schemes used in this study. The W approach is found even better in replacing some particular characteristics such as the mean of the sequence and correlation between the successive months in the series. It is, therefore, proposed as a new annual and monthly hydrological data generation scheme.     

曲线顶管技术及顶进力分析计算

曲线顶管施工技术以其特有的优势和应用领域,越来越受到重视。总结了国际上常用的曲线顶管施工技术,分别以SS MOLE和Ultimate Method两种具有代表性的工法为例介绍了曲线顶管技术的地层适应性、适用管道直径、应用领域和所能达到的最小曲率半径。对曲线顶管施工中顶进力计算这一重点和难点,给出了曲线顶管顶推力计算公式,并举例说明了曲线段顶推力计算公式的实际应用。     

N-body simulation for self-gravitating collisional systems with a new SIMD instruction set extension to the x86 architecture, Advanced Vector eXtensions

We present a high-performance N-body code for self-gravitating collisional systems accelerated with the aid of a new SIMD instruction set extension of the x86 architecture: Advanced Vector eXtensions (AVX), an enhanced version of the Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE). With one processor core of Intel Core i7-2600 processor (8 MB cache and 3.40 GHz) based on Sandy Bridge micro-architecture, we implemented a fourth-order Hermite scheme with individual timestep scheme (Makino and Aarseth, 1992), and achieved the performance of ∼20 giga floating point number operations per second (GFLOPS) for double-precision accuracy, which is two times and five times higher than that of the previously developed code implemented with the SSE instructions (Nitadori et al., 2006b), and that of a code implemented without any explicit use of SIMD instructions with the same processor core, respectively. We have parallelized the code by using so-called NINJA scheme (Nitadori et al., 2006a), and achieved ∼90 GFLOPS for a system containing more than N = 8192 particles with 8 MPI processes on four cores. We expect to achieve about 10 tera FLOPS (TFLOPS) for a self-gravitating collisional system with N ∼ 10⁵ on massively parallel systems with at most 800 cores with Sandy Bridge micro-architecture. This performance will be comparable to that of Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) cluster systems, such as the one with about 200 Tesla C1070 GPUs (Spurzem et al., 2010). This paper offers an alternative to collisional N-body simulations with GRAPEs and GPUs.     

Relationship between pulse width and energy in GRB 060124: from X-ray to γ-ray bands

GRB 060124 is the first event that both prompt and afterglow emission were observed simultaneously by the three Swift instruments. Its main peak also triggered Konus-Wind and HETE-II. Therefore, investigation on both the temporal and spectral properties of the prompt emission can be extended to X-ray bands. We perform a detailed analysis on the two well identified pulses of this burst, and find that the pulses are narrower at higher energies, and both X-rays and γ-rays follow the same w–E relation for an individual pulse. However, there is no a universal power-law index of the w–E relation among pulses. We find also that the rise-to-decay ratio r/d seems not to evolve with E and the r/d values are well consistent with that observed in typical GRBs. The broadband spectral energy distribution also suggests that the X-rays are consistent with the spectral behavior of the γ-rays. These results indicate that the X-ray emission tracks the γ-ray emission and the emissions in the two energy bands are likely to be originated from the same physical mechanism.     

基于离散元方法对走滑拉分盆地演化及次级断裂扩展过程研究

拉分盆地是一种与走滑断裂带密切相关的特殊拉张构造,因其重要的构造意义,及其与火山活动、中小地震群集、特殊的成矿作用间的伴生关系而受到研究者的高度重视。关于拉分盆地的形成演化过程,已有较多的研究成果,但是由于研究手段的限制,缺少对盆地演化中次级断裂扩展过程的研究。基于离散元的数值计算方法是研究断裂扩展方式的理想方法。本文采用基于离散元的颗粒流方法,揭示纯走滑拉分盆地发育过程中的断裂扩展和连接过程,为拉分盆地演化机理和断裂扩展提供新的研究方法。同时,根据主走滑断层与块体运动方向的夹角不同,建立不同的张扭性拉分盆地模型,系统研究张扭性盆地的断裂扩展和演化机理。将上述理论研究结果与死海盆地等经典拉分盆地实例相结合,探讨了死海盆地、土耳其Cinarcik盆地、哥伦比亚El Paraiso盆地等的形成演化机理和断裂扩展方式。      

基于GIS的承德乡村地名文化景观空间分布特征

将承德地区乡村地名作为离散点,以GIS中移动搜索法的点距离空间平滑分析法为支撑,从地理区域这一角度分析地名文化景观空间分布特征。研究发现：承德地区自然类景观,以“山”、“水文”、“动植物”命名的地名分布主要位于中低海拔高度的平坦地区;承德地区乡村地名文化景观划分为军事活动类、经济活动类、房屋建筑类、美愿与纪念类、满蒙少数民族语言及方言类,其空间分布特征与当地历史时期的军事、生产生活、社会变迁的相对频繁程度以及人口稠密情况基本上相符合。     

京津冀国家级经开区地位作用评估

从科技引领、产业支撑、经济带动3个维度构建京津冀国家级经开区地位作用的指标评估系统,运用全排列多边形综合图示法,测度2011~2014年京津冀13个国家级经开区的地位作用及演化趋势。研究表明,京津冀各经开区发展不断优化,逐步进入“深度调整、转型升级”的新阶段;各经开区发展各有千秋、各有短板,初步形成“差异化、非均衡化”的发展格局;各经开区发展差距逐渐缩小,初步呈现“全面崛起、协同并进”发展趋势;各经开区发展指数和位序将会不断调整,但总体发展格局不会太大改变。研究发现,京津冀经开区也面临一些突出问题,如资源集约利用不高,产业转型升级缓慢,企业创新动能不足,区域发展差距悬殊。为此,应激活企业创新活力,增强科技引领能力;促进产业集群集约发展,加快经开区转型升级;培育经济增长新动力,发挥区域带动作用。